Hemangioma

November 23, 2011

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Hemangiomas   called vascular tumor Which appears most often in children. Hemangioma - a reddish stain which gradually appear on different parts of the body, and on the face. According to current statistics, a child who has diagnosed the disease, is born once in a hundred cases. The area with redness continues to grow as the child grows, with no pain does not cause hemangioma.

But it should be aware that such a tumor is particularly damaging because of its active sprouting inside the body. In the process of its development can be disrupted work of the body, around which formed redness. For example, a hemangioma, which is in the ear, may eventually disrupt eardrum That is fraught with hearing loss in the patient. Consequently, this disease should be treated to get rid of it as soon as possible.

Types of hemangiomas, and the reasons for its appearance

Today experts distinguish the following types of hemangiomas: Simple gemangioimy Which are located on the skin, cavernous , Located under the skin, combined Which consist of skin and subcutaneous parts, hybrid Which is actually a hemangioma, and muscle or nervous tissue. Basically there are simple hemangioma (approximately 70-80% of cases).

At the moment, there is no accurate data about the causes of this tumor in children, but there are a number of assumptions. Thus, the cause of hemangiomas may become poor ecology. Hemangioma in newborns can occur as a result of ARI If the mother was ill in their first weeks of pregnancy, when there is the process of laying the vascular system of the fetus. Also, tumors can occur as a consequence of the use of pregnant women of different drugs, as well as due to the hormonal features of the baby. The latter is particularly swinging those children who were born prematurely.

In most cases (97%) of the tumor is diagnosed immediately after birth. However, there are occasions when a hemangioma in newborns manifested itself in the first month of life and grew to about six months. In the second half of the increase in tumors tend to become less noticeable.

Hemangioma of the liver

Also hemangiomas can be formed in the bodies of adults. Hemangioma of the liver   often diagnosed in completely healthy people, and in women it occurs several times more often. The fact that the development of this type of tumors provoke female hormones.

Hemangioma of the liver - a slight degree, which usually does not cause health problems or poor health. Typically, the tumor is diagnosed in parallel with medical examinations for other reasons. However, if a very large hemangioma of the liver, it can cause a number of symptoms, such as pain, nausea . vomiting . The patient may increase the liver. In a particularly rare cases may occur gap formation, causing severe pain and bleeding   in the abdominal cavity. This condition may pose a threat to life. The most serious problem in the diagnostic process is to determine whether the formation of hemangioma or another kind of tumor. In most cases, the treatment of this disease is not required, but the presence of a large hemangioma can be used surgical method .

Hemangioma spine

This benign also occurs on the spine. The most common variant - the occurrence of hemangiomas in the thoracic spine. Usually, hemangioma spine   diagnosed in the course of research carried out over the other diseases of the spine. Hemangioma of the spine can cause the appearance of pain in the back, rarely hemangiomas may become the basis for compression fractures of the vertebral body. Typically, hemangiomas vertebral bodies are small - no more than 1 cm. Spine mainly detected cavernous hemangioma   and Capillary . If the tumor is small, it is recommended constant supervision by a specialist. With an extensive hemangioma recommended surgery.

The most common tumor detected in one vertebra, but sometimes diagnosed with multi-level lesions (the so-called haemangiomatosis ).

Symptoms hemangioma

Simple hemangioma   different red or blue-purple color, its surface location. If we consider the hemangioma, the clear limits defined by the tumor, its surface is smooth and slightly protrudes above the skin. The skin is affected, as well as a few millimeters in the layer of fat under the skin. If you put pressure on the tumor, it becomes paler, and then the original color is restored. The tumor grows outward.

Cavernous hemangioma   It has a different location - limited node under the skin. Its appearance resembles a tumor, which is covered with bluish skin color or conventional, unmodified. If a hemangioma is exposed to the pressure-sensitive, the outflow of blood and it becomes pale and collapses.

To combined hemangiomas That is a combination of surface and subcutaneous tumors are characterized by similar symptoms.

Mixed hemangioma   - A tumor cells that originate from the vessels and other tissues. Depending on which part of the tissue of the tumor is determined by its appearance, color and consistency.

At the moment, a large number of recorded cases in which the newborn appears multiple gemangeomatoz. But this pathology is considered to be the exception.

Treatment of hemangiomas

During the treatment of this disease has been used successfully cryotherapy . electrocoagulation Are input sclerosing agent . As a very gentle method wherein authorizing good effect, using Laser photothermolysis In which damaged tissue hemangiomas, but remain intact tissue around.

Also produced by the treatment of hemangioma surgery : Deep hemangioma located on the limbs and closed parts of the body are excised.

But surgical excision of the tumor can threaten massive bleeding. In order to avoid bleeding, before surgery is performed artery ligation Over which the power of the tumor, as well as lacing hemangiomas.

If hemangioma is located on the face, near the ear or on the neck, its treatment becomes more difficult due to too much blood supply in these areas. However, such tumors are particularly rare.
No less difficult is the treatment of hemangiomas, which appeared on the breasts of the girl, as well as in the crotch, on the hands and on the feet. Hemangioma is a great danger for children born prematurely, because they grow faster.

According to specialists, about 7% of these tumors in the growth of the child disappear by themselves. However, the latter for the most innocuous hemangiomas, which are located in closed areas of the body.

The cryogenic method   used in the treatment of hemangiomas frequently. For this purpose a liquid nitrogen . Scars after such treatment is not, which is very important in the treatment of children. Depending on what in tumor size, determines the number of treatments required. Sessions conducted on an outpatient basis, anesthesia   It is not used. Generally, all runs without complications and subsequent treatment is required. The place where previously hemangioma, be treated with green paint, and then anoint the children's cream.

For the treatment of cavernous hemangiomas of the method Microwave cryodestruction . For children in the first six months of life using hormone therapy: is assigned to the reception prednisolone   tablets. This treatment effect, if the total area of ​​damage is more than 100 square meters. cm. Hormone therapy is used as an emergency treatment if the tumor is located close to vital organs and is growing very fast.

If a hemangioma hit periorbital area , It will be the most optimal radiation treatment. The tumors on the face and removed by the parotid region Angiography   and embolization . This technique involves vasoconstriction and preventing blood supply to the affected area.

Simple hemangiomas are cured in 99, 9% of the complex - 98, 6%.

Diagnosis of hemangiomas

Rather difficult to diagnose hemangioma, despite the fact that in most cases it is most part on the surface. However, very often the visible portion of the tumor is relatively small, and the main part of it is inside, and it definitely requires the use of special methods of diagnosis.

Often in the process of diagnosis method is used radiography . It is typical to define extensive hemangiomas. In the process of diffuse increase in the size of the tumor characteristic changes occur bone and soft tissue. This leads to an increase in volume and appearance angiolitov   in soft tissues. It may also occur cellular   and diffuse osteoporosis Manifest itself atrophy   and bone destruction .

It is used as a method of ultrasound diagnosis, which allows you to identify solitary echogenic education Which is smooth and crisp contours. Also, the method for diagnosis CT .

If computed tomography diagnosis can not determine, the diagnosis is performed using Angiography . This method allows you to get the most accurate results, identifying the vastness of vascular tumor and its location.

When using these diagnostic methods or in combination or individually may be diagnosed hemangioma with absolute certainty.

Prevention hemangioma

If your child has been diagnosed hemangioma, the experts recommend to maintain constant control over his condition. Thus, if the spot is constantly increasing, it should be inspected by a doctor every two to four weeks. If the growth of the spot stopped, the examination should be carried out once in two - six months. When reducing the hemangioma control should be carried out once every six - twelve months.