Vascular dystonia

January 28, 2012

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Vascular dystonia   (abbreviation IRR ) - It is a symptom of clinical manifestations, is diverse and concerning different organs and systems. VVD develops due to the presence of abnormalities in the structure and functioning of the central and / or peripheral parts of the autonomic nervous system.

The disease is not a single disease entity, but if the IRR is combined with other pathogens, the result may cause a number of diseases with a psychosomatic component. So, as a result of this condition may develop hypertension . asthma . coronary heart disease . peptic ulcer   and other pathologies. Vegetative changes directly affect the course of certain diseases in children. But the presence of certain diseases and aggravate autonomic disorders.

According to statistics, the symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia occur most often in children 7-8 years, although such violations can occur at any age. Treatment of the disease requires approximately one third of cases.

Causes of vegetative-vascular dystonia

There are many reasons that are formed vegetative disorders. The most important in this case are primary deviations in the divisions of the autonomic nervous system which are caused by hereditary and in most cases can be traced through the mother.

Vascular dystonia is often formed as a result of perinatal nervous system lesions. If the damaged parts of the central autonomic nervous system, as a consequence, there is an emotional imbalance in children manifest neurotic and psychotic disorders. Development of traumatic VSD provokes different effects: it can be everyday conflicts, tense climate in the family, alcoholism of parents, etc. Regular overload emotional, permanent stresses Excessive mental stress are also causes of vegetative-vascular dystonia.

The reasons for the IRR is determined as the presence of experts endocrine . somatic . neurological   diseases, sudden changes in weather conditions, environmental issues, physical inactivity   or excessive exercise, shortage of vitamins and minerals, and other factors.

The symptoms of vegetative-vascular dystonia

Symptoms of vascular dystonia characterized by diversity. They are directly dependent on the type of autonomic disorders, that is, the predominance vagotonia   or sympathicotonia .

When vagotonia children present varied hypochondriacal symptoms: they tire easily, disturbed memory, reduced ability to work and study, sleep disturbances occur, depression, timidity, indecisiveness.

The patient is markedly reduced appetite, it is very difficult to tolerate the cold, sometimes feels a lack of air and chill. As well as manifest symptoms VSD vestibular disorders, pain sensation in the legs at night, dizziness , Nausea, acrocyanosis, sweating, edema, frequent urination, allergies.

In the presence of cardiovascular disorders symptoms appear Bradyarrhythmias VVD, the sensation of pain in the heart, periodic lowering Blood Pressure , Cardiac muted tones.

When sympathicotonia patient following symptoms VSD: temper, mood swings, high sensitivity to pain, confusion, neurotic state . Maybe feeling the heat , Cold extremities, paresthesia and numbness in the limbs in the morning. Periodically may increase body temperature, there is atonic constipation. As cardiovascular disorders may develop tachycardia   and exhibit high blood pressure.

Children IRR sometimes occurs latent and manifest permanently or after the pronounced influence of negative factors. From time to time there may be vegetative crises (paroxysms, panic attacks , Vegetative storm). Such conditions can be triggered by emotional overload, a strong physical and mental stress, as well as a consequence of changing weather, past infectious diseases. The crisis may last for a few minutes ( short-term   crisis), or a few hours or days ( long   crisis).

Children at an early age vascular dystonia manifested with some features. The children in the preschool age vegetative disorders have a mild form, while signs have vagotonia. IRR is more serious and severe in patients in their teens. The symptoms in this case are diverse, often develop paroxysms.

Diagnosis of vegetative-vascular dystonia

Until today there is no single accepted classification of VSD. Therefore, in the process of diagnosis of the disease must take into account a number of points. So, experts pay attention to etiological factors, the options disorders ( mixed . vagotonic . sympathicotonic types), as well as to what precisely organs involved in the process what the status of the autonomic nervous system, the nature of the disease and its severity.

In the diagnosis of vegetative-vascular dystonia, it is important to consider whether similar cases in close relatives of the patient, study the characteristics of the perinatal period. Specialist examines the current state of the autonomic nervous system, determining vegetative tone, responsiveness and support of activities. To do this, an analysis of complaints and objective parameters, using the information obtained by the ECG and cardiointervalography.

The patient is required to pass advice from several experts in different fields. In the differential diagnosis, it is important to eliminate those diseases whose symptoms resemble a manifestation of the IRR. It is necessary to eliminate congenital heart disease . rheumatic heart disease . rheumatism . non-rheumatic carditis . If the IRR is a symptom of high blood pressure, it is important to differentiate the disease from hypertension . The occurrence of respiratory disorders that manifest themselves in the form of shortness of breath   and suffocation , Should be differentiated from asthma . If the patient is observed fever It is necessary to eliminate, especially infective endocarditis . sepsis . oncological diseases . If the patient has a pronounced psycho-vegetative symptoms Then excludes mental health disorders.

Treatment of vegetative-vascular dystonia

For efficacy is important to the treatment of vascular dystonia held complex, with a personal touch, it lasted for a sufficient period of time and at the same time should take into account the nature of vegetative disorders.

In most cases, the IRR is used to treat non-drug methods. The doctor will advise the patient is required to change the date to a correct, avoid inactivity, constantly strive to give the body a normal physical activity, limit the impact of the emotional nature. Important role to play, and rational, healthy diet.

In addition, effective treatments IRR is a special massage, water therapy, acupuncture. Depending on the type of autonomic disorders is assigned to a specific method of physiotherapy.

If these treatments do not have the IRR the desired effect, the specialist selects a set of special treatment to the patient medical drugs. The treatment begins with small doses and gradually brought to the optimal dosing regimen.

In the course of treatment of vascular dystonia is important to be sure to take measures for the treatment of chronic focal infection, and comorbidities.

In the treatment of the most frequently prescribed IRR sedatives . antidepressants . nootropics . tranquilizers . The complex is recommended intake of vitamin and trace element drugs. Also used drugs designed to enhance the cerebral and peripheral circulation.

If a patient develops a vegetative paroxysm, in severe cases, appointed by the parenteral administration of antipsychotic drugs, tranquilizers, atropine. The drug is prescribed depending on whether the character is a crisis.

What is important is the permanent control of the dispensary patients, especially for patients in childhood. Examination tested once for several months, the regularity is determined depending on the type and severity of the disease. Due to exacerbation of the disease in the transitional seasons - spring and autumn - in this period, a survey may need more frequent.

If the disease can be treated in a timely manner and at the same time maintain an effective complex therapy, the prognosis for the patient's recovery is favorable.

Prevention of vascular dystonia

For effective prevention of vascular dystonia is necessary to apply a set of measures aimed at preventing the development of disease. To do so, prevent existing risk factors that may affect the emergence or worsening of the IRR.

In order to get rid of the disease or prevent its manifestation, it is important to pay attention to the way of life, to change the attitude to sleep, nutrition, activity. It intelligently alternate periods of intense work and recreation, change for the better treatment and quality of food, constant physical activity or to practice a specific sport class. Positive effects on the body will even ordinary everyday exercises. It is important every day as much as possible to spend more time outdoors, try to avoid stressful situations and strong emotional turmoil. Experts recommend to learn some relaxation techniques and apply them in critical situations.

The important point for the prevention of vascular dystonia is smoking cessation, minimization or complete rejection of the use of alcohol. At the same time, the state of the vessels leads to normal consumption of vegetables, herbs, fruits, grains, seafood.

Experts also advise not to neglect the daily contrast shower, which effectively protects against the "problems" in the autonomic nervous system.