Loperamide

Description overdue on 16.11.2011

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Effective remedy diarrhea . The mechanism of action is based on Loperamide stimulation of adrenergic and cholinergic neurons through guanine nucleotides. By binding to the opioid receptors of the intestinal wall, the drug reduces the tone and motility of the smooth muscle of the intestinal wall. Loperamide increases during the passage of the intestinal contents, slows peristalsis. Increase sphincter tone decreases the incidence of anal urge to defecate, helps keep the stool. Loperamide begins its action after 4h after administration.

Indications:

Loperamide is indicated in diarrhea of ​​various etiologies: emotional, allergic, medication, radiation, malabsorption, metabolic disorders. Loperamide allows you to adjust the chair in patients with   iliostoma . In some cases, administered in combination therapy diarrhea of ​​infectious origin .

Contraindications:

Loperamide is not indicated for acute ulcerative colitis . bowel obstruction . diverticulosis . dysentery , Pseudomembranous enterocolitis , Pregnancy. Liver failure is a relative failure.

Side effect:

When receiving therapeutic doses notes dry mouth , Electrolyte disturbances, hypovolemia, dizziness, drowsiness, allergic, dyspeptic disorders, chair, flatulence . Rarely observed urinary retention , Intestinal obstruction. Lozenges can cause tingling, burning sensation on the tongue.

Mode of application:

Loperamide is taken orally. Lingual tablet placed on the tongue, not washed down with water, and do not chew the capsule. Acute diarrhea requires receiving 4 mg initially followed by 2 mg after every loose stool. The day to 16 mg. Drops: initially 60 Cap., Then 30 drops after each loose stool. Solution concentration 0, 002%. Chronic diarrhea: 4 mg per day.

Overdose:

Receiving higher doses of the drug leads to inhibition of the central nervous system (respiratory depression, drowsiness, muscle hypertension, corestenoma , Incoordination, stupor ), Intestinal obstruction. An antidote is a Naloxone . Gastric lavage, mechanical ventilation and Activated carbon   improve the patient's condition.

Special instructions:

In the absence of positive dynamics after a 2-day dosing should be excluded prioiskhozhdenie infectious diarrhea. Loperamide canceled when bloating, constipation. If any of the hepatic system requires control of the symptoms of toxic effects on the nervous system. In the period of treatment to make up for the loss of electrolytes and fluids. Loperamide reduces the speed of psychomotor reactions.

Drug Interactions:

Simultaneous reception Opioid analgesics   It leads to severe constipation.