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Dry eye - A condition which manifests itself if eyes are not moistened or lubricated by tear fluid. This condition is also referred to as dry eye syndrome a . dry eye . Most women suffer from dry eyes.
How does dry eyes?
Symptoms of dry eye in humans appear, first of all, a sense of persistent eye irritation and burning sensation. The patient may feel that in the eyes there is a foreign object - appears so-called feeling of "sand in the eyes." This may be a reddening of the eyes, and even feel dry eye. Periodically, when dry eye syndrome occurs in humans the emergence of a blurred image. Vision can sometimes worsen by the end of the day, but permanent visual impairment are not observed. When dry eyes at the person develops photophobia - in bright light appear discomfort.
In humans, the tear film is three layers. Basically, the middle layer contains water as well as salts and proteins. His produce lacrimal gland Which are located on the outer edge of the eye. Tear fluid during blinking distributed on the ocular surface is moistened eye manner. The outer layer of the tear film is lipids That set meibomian gland . Through this layer the moisture evaporates and the tear film remains smooth. The conjunctiva It covers the inner surface of the century and highlights the silent slimy substance that helps distribute evenly the tear fluid.
Dry eye is more common in older people. As a rule, older people worried about dry eyes in the morning. But in recent years dry eyes - a characteristic phenomenon for those young people who spend a lot of time in front of a computer monitor. Particularly suffer from dry eye, those who spend many hours at the screen without interruption. Causes of dry eye may be other - a phenomenon often occurs when wearing lenses, especially if the person with contact lenses is in a room with air conditioning, a wind flow. This may also occur under dry eyes.
The man's eyes moistened and lubricated due to the presence of the tear film, which is formed by the tear fluid. If the tear film becomes thinner or violated its normal composition, the cornea dries up, and as a result, develop dry eyes. It exhibits high sensitivity of eyes to different stimuli - to smoke, dry air, bright light.
Why manifest dry eye?
The reasons that disrupted the normal process of dry eye may be very different. Dry eyes occur with age. The reason for this phenomenon - age reduction allocation tear fluid. As a result, it lacks sufficient moisture to the eye. There have also age changes the composition of the tear film. As a result, any adverse conditions provoke the manifestation of dry eye in older people.
Dry eye syndrome in children and adults, developed under the influence of certain drugs. A number of medicines with prolonged use causes the side effect of dry eye syndrome. Symptoms of dry eye may occur after administration diuretics . Antidepressants . antihistamines . oral konratseptivov . beta-blockers and etc.
Sometimes dry eye is a common symptom of illness. This sometimes occurs when rheumatoid arthritis . lupus erythematosus . syndrome Segrena and others. Some people have observed partial cover for centuries in certain diseases of the eye. This too can cause dry eye. Another cause of dry eye syndrome - age damage, the outer surface of the eye, which appeared as a result of injury, surgery, inflammation of the eyelids.
Private extensive cause provokes dryness of the eyes, - adverse conditions leading to too intense evaporation of tears. Dry eyes occur in those who are constantly in conditions of low humidity too, spends a lot of hours in front of a TV, monitor, microscope. When you work with these devices people blink less frequently than usual, so the amount of lacrimal fluid decreases. Dry eyes can disturb the person in windy conditions.
In some cases, doctors can not determine the reason why the people younger allocated fewer tear fluid and accordingly appears dry eye.
Dry eye syndrome rarely leads to complications, but they still can eventually develop. Occurrence of inflammation of the conjunctiva or cornea. In severe inflammation of the cornea ulcers appear. If the eyes are constantly red, felt pain in the eyes or develop persistent blurred vision, the patient should immediately consult a doctor.
How to get rid of dry eye?
The ophthalmologist determines the dry eye syndrome, guided by the presence of the main symptoms. But sometimes it can be suspected that dry eye is a symptom of another disease. In this case, patients received additional examinations. There is a special test ( Schirmer test ), By which to determine the dry eye syndrome. Under the lower eyelid man inserted a narrow strip of paper. She stays there for five minutes. Depending on the degree of wetting the doctor can determine if there is enough tear fluid is released.
Treatment of dry eyes is done after exclusion of all common diseases that could cause this symptom. If the patient's disease is determined which provoked the symptom, treatment of dry eye is provided together general treatment of disease. Generally, treatment of dry eye syndrome is performed using preparations of artificial tears and eye ointments. In more severe cases, deciding how to treat dry eye syndrome, the doctor may recommend therapy with a potent cure for dry eye syndrome. The fact how curable dry eye syndrome, it becomes immediately clear in the course of therapy.
Drops of dry eye are preparations of artificial tears Which, as a rule, perfectly removes all the symptoms of this syndrome. Buy eye drops from dryness can be without a prescription. Initially, these drugs should be used often, almost every hour. But if a man says that his health is improving gradually the number of instillation reduced to 3-4 per day. Some people to eliminate symptoms of the disease have to accept a drop in the dry eye syndrome regularly.
If the eye drops of dry eye cause irritation or allergic reaction, it is necessary to replace the drug to another. Formulations containing the composition benzalkonium hexachloride , With prolonged use can damage the cornea. When it comes to long-term use of these drops, replace them with the best preparation, which included no benzalkonium hexachloride.
To remove the irritation of the eyes, the practice of oculentums Which should be applied to the eyelid at bedtime. These ointments are useful, if a person has dry skin around the eyes. If such an ointment used in the daytime, they can trigger a manifestation of lack of clarity and to reduce the effect of the eye drops.
In the treatment can also be applied drugs that activate the process of development of the tear fluid. In more severe cases, the doctor prescribes blocking the outflow of tear fluid surgically.
If dry eye is shown at the person wearing contact lenses, it is on this issue it is necessary to inform the doctor that conducts routine inspections. In some cases, replacement lenses contact lenses or another type of replacement solution for care can solve this problem. Reduce the symptoms of dry eyes when wearing lenses can sometimes use moisturizing eye drops.
If you work long hours at a computer it is shown not only dry eyes, and headaches, fatigue. All this leads to a marked reduction in performance and a strong sense of discomfort. To avoid exacerbating the problem should adhere to certain rules that can reduce these symptoms. Wherever possible, to minimize the work at the computer, at least at the time when it is possible. It is advisable to take a break every hour at least 15 minutes. At this time, it is best to take a walk or do exercises for the eyes.
Treatment of dry eye folk remedies It involves the use of lotions of infusion or decoction medicinal herbs . For example, conventional cotton pads can soak in the fresh tea leaves of strong tea and apply to the eyes for about 20 minutes. Treatment of folk remedies suggests a similar use of chamomile decoction. No less useful folk remedies for dry eyes - these are special exercises. It should take a break from work and 10 times to do eye movements from side to side, up and down. Useful much zazhmurivat eyes looked from one corner to another. Such actions in complex exercises should also be done for 10 times.
Another way to overcome the symptoms of dry eye - the use of a conventional candle. We must light a candle and watch for 10 minutes on a hot flame. With such a relaxing exercises can relax your muscles and to overcome the fatigue and stress.
Doctors advise necessarily walk in the fresh air, it should be done several times a day, and in the event that there is a strong eyestrain.
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