Squint

December 7, 2011

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Squint   (other names of this state - strabismus   or strabismus ) - The definition of abnormal disorders of various kinds in a parallel visual axes in both eyes. If you squint your eyes are in a position that does not intersect the axis of the eye visual on the subject, which locks the sight. In a normal focus both eyes is performed in one specific point, and the picture is transmitted to the brain from the point of view of each eye. Accordingly, the brain combines the two images, and the consciousness of available surround image. So, if you look at the eyes of a certain item in turn, it will change its position.

Every eye in the presence of six muscles that provide movement of the eyes. These muscles are controlled by the brain that provides both eyes look the same direction. And to merge the images, it is important to work all the muscles were agreed.

It is very important as soon as possible to diagnose strabismus in children. Due to the very mild human adaptation in childhood brain child with strabismus, will receive a permanent two pictures and one he will not be able to compare them. Due to the occurrence of the brain begin to suppress ghosting one image, and work with only one picture. As a result, in a relatively short period of time the child comes irreparable suppression of the eye, which mows. Also strabismus in children can trigger the development of rotation or tilt of the head to compensate for squint. At the same time, those adults who have not acquired strabismus in children, usually have double vision because of the limited adaptability of the brain in a mature man.

Provoke strabismus in adults and in children may be many different factors. The most dangerous period in terms of the opportunities for the development of strabismus - two or three years, when the child begins to develop binocular vision is wrong. In addition, the manifestation of strabismus can provoke all sorts of injuries and illnesses. Basically squint occurs because of vision problems - farsightedness . shortsightedness . astigmatism . amblyopia , Diseases caused by infections ( flu . scarlet fever . diphtheria . measles   and etc).

Types of strabismus

To distinguish strabismus congenital   and purchased . In the first case strabismus it appears immediately after birth or during the first six months of life. In the second - the disease occurs before the age of three. In most cases, there is an obvious strabismus horizontal . It strabismus convergent   or divergent . Less common cases vertical   strabismus. If there is a deviation upwards, the condition is called gipertropiey , From top to bottom - hydrotropes .

The disease can be divided also monocular   and alternating . In a patient with monocular strabismus will squint one eye only. This eye patient does not enjoy at all, which is why in such a state of vision is much reduced. There is a device of the brain: it reads only the information from the eye, which is not decimated, and squinting eyes does not participate in the visual act, so its functions are sharply reduced. This condition is called amblyopia . If you can not restore vision squint squinting eye fix to correct a cosmetic defect.

With Alternating   strabismus patient uses both eyes, but watching them interchangeably. If this condition may develop amblyopia, but a much lower extent.

In terms of the causes of the disease are divided into strabismus friendly   and paralytic . Strabismus friendly manifested in children. In this form of the disease retained the full scope of the mobility of the eyeballs, no ghosting and no violation of binocular vision. Strabismus is caused by a paralytic paralysis   or muscle damage, which are responsible for eye movement. This condition manifests itself mainly due to pathologies that affect the brain, nerves or muscles directly. When this condition occurs limited mobility squinting his eyes in the direction of which is "responsible" of the affected muscles. Because the image falls on disparate retinal points in both eyes of the patient manifests diplopia . Condition is aggravated in view in the same direction.

Symptoms of strabismus

The main symptom of strabismus is a deviation of the eyes to the side, often to the nose or to the temple. Most often found in patients with strabismus and other symptoms of the disease: poporot or permanent head tilt, squinting, double vision   His eyes seem to "float" .  This phenomenon - not uncommon in infants, but by the time the baby is six months, strabismus should disappear .  Sometimes imaginary strabismus diagnosed in children because of the type of location and shape of the eyes nose .  After some time, the child will change the shape of the nose, and then estimated the squint disappears .  Because of the very good adaptability of the brain children will never complain of double vision in strabismus, unlike adults .  To determine the presence of strabismus in children as early as possible to conduct screening tests of children .  It is important to consider that early detection of strabismus gives much more likely to return the child of normal vision .  Parents should be aware that if your child is already six months old, and the signs of strabismus he does occur, it should immediately visit the Pediatric Ophthalmology .

Diagnosis of strabismus

Identify strabismus can be in the process of professional inspection of a child or an adult. After an initial examination conducted thorough eye examination, which uses tests for binocular vision and prismatic lenses.

In the process of diagnosis of strabismus in children's doctor in the first place is conducting a survey of parents to determine how it started strabismus, and whether it manifested itself suddenly or gradually. Congenital disease usually associated with injuries   during delivery . disease CN FROM . The acquired form of strabismus associated with refractive errors.

Examining the child, the doctor determines whether there is a forced position of the head, facial asymmetry, eye slits. With inspection with side lighting, ophthalmoscopy determine the state of the anterior eye fundus, transparent media. Also, an expert examines the primary and secondary deflection angles. Guided by history and objective data, the doctor establishes a detailed diagnosis.

Treatment of strabismus

It is important to take into account the fact that a wrong opinion about the self healing strabismus. Moreover, in the absence of appropriate therapy can develop sufficiently serious complications.

Treatment of strabismus recommend a specialist ophthalmologist. Today treat strabismus both therapeutic and surgical method. There are a number of very effective techniques, which is carried out and treatment of strabismus. Thus, the method of treatment pleoptic is to enhance the visual load on the eye, which mows. The eye, which sees worse stimulated with therapeutic laser treatment specifically designed computer software.

With the help of orthoptic treatment of strabismus restored binocular eye operations through the use of computer programs and synoptic aids. Diplopticheskoe treatment involves the restoration under natural conditions. In the treatment of strabismus in children is used as the method of sealing. For this eye that sees better close to stimulate the brain to the eye, seeing worse. After a while the vision is beginning to improve. Note, however, that the effect of such a method will be noticeable only in the case of it at a very early age, children who have not yet developed amblyopia. Sometimes a child diagnosed with a parallel " astigmatism "," myopia "," farsightedness "The doctor prescribes the appropriate points. In some cases, their constant wearing and eliminates from strabismus.

After the selection of the optimal treatment strategy specialist therapy should be continued until the age when a person ends with the formation of the body, that is, until 18-25 years. Because of disorders in patients with strabismus operation of almost all parts of the visual analyzer should be used combined therapy. Application hardware methods should be used to three or four times a year. Such treatments can get rid of strabismus and amblyopia rebuild bridges between the eyes.

It is important to squint in adults and in children treated with all the individual features. The doctor determines what kind of tactics of treatment should be used only after a thorough examination and examination of the patient, in which it appears and the cause of the defeat. Mainly the result of the treatment depends on how timely it was taken, and what are the causes of strabismus patient.

If all methods of conservative treatment of strabismus do not bring proper results it is necessary to resort to surgery. As a rule, the operational methods of treatment offered to patients if the effect of conservative treatment is not observed for 1, 5-2 years. Surgery will help eliminate the squint, but the patient should be aware that to restore the normal functioning of the eye will be possible only after long-term performance of a special set of exercises. Sometimes surgery is the only method of eliminating a cosmetic defect, and binocular vision, even after surgery is not refundable. Transactions carried out using both general and local anesthesia.

The goal of surgery is to restore the right balance of the muscle. After the operation is required to apply and follow complex medical treatment for the complete rehabilitation of visual functions.

Modern methods of treatment of strabismus, subject to the right of the phased possible to restore visual function in humans.

Prevention of strabismus

For the prevention of strabismus it is very important to take time to treatment of all diseases associated with abnormalities of view, as well as diseases of an infectious nature. In order to strengthen the eye muscles developed a special set of exercises for the eyes, which are similarly recommended to use in order to prevent problems with eyesight. Each of the above exercise should be repeated up to 15 times.

The arm lift up, pull your index finger and slowly zoom in to the tip of his nose. At the same time the eyes follow the movement of the finger. Similarly, moves a finger in the middle and the bottom.

Describe eye circles, "eight", move your eyes from left to right, top to bottom.

To train the eye muscles fit all games where a ball is involved or birdies. If you think these games are always watching to move objects.

If you are a long time working on the computer or reading intently, then periodically take a break and look out the window or on the surrounding objects. In this first opinion focuses on subjects located far away, and then to those who are close. These simple exercises should be done regularly.