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Ptosis - From Greek means "fall." This term is defined in medicine ptosis (change of position) of an organ. Ptosis eyes express omission of the upper eyelid.
How does the omission?
Ptosis century It occurs in children and adults. Upper eyelid ptosis may be congenital or acquired (shown due to certain reasons). Depending on the severity of the disease is determined full (the pupil is fully closed the upper eyelid) partial ptosis of the upper eyelid (closed-third pupil from the top), and part ptosis (closed two-thirds of the pupil).
There is also a classification according to the degree of damage: at one-way form of the disease occurs only left eyelid ptosis, or the right century. With bilateral - Two eyes are affected immediately. Sometimes diagnosed with ptosis of the lower eyelid.
This pathology is found not only in adults: quite common - ptosis in children.
If a person develops ptosis of eye, it may seem that this is not a particularly significant problem. Ptosis of the left eye or right eye initially seems only a cosmetic defect. But we should not forget that this pathology is a serious hindrance to vision. It does not allow the patient to fully see, therefore, he has to constantly stretch the eyebrows to make the eyes from such interference. In some cases, even have to throw back his head back to see normally. Therefore, with this disease considerably the quality of life deteriorates.
Patients often develop irritation, eye fatigue is marked as a person is forced to constantly prilgat effort to open a normal review. Often these people develop strabismus , and double vision . A man may not be able to completely close the eye, it is limited by the mobility of the upper eyelid. Often there is dryness of the eyes. For eye injuries is gradually deteriorating vision and notes amblyopia - Deviation of one side.
Why appears the omission?
The omission of the century may be due to many reasons. The reasons for the omission of the century, which is inherent in nature, are often associated with a hereditary factor. If one of the parents mentioned eyelid ptosis, it is likely that the disease will have a child. Generally, the causes of congenital ptosis of the upper eyelid type associated with underdevelopment of the muscle, which provides lifting the upper eyelid. Congenital type of disease may be associated with pathology nucleus of the oculomotor nerve , The weakness of the superior rectus muscle of the eye. In more rare cases of congenital ptosis of the upper eyelid due to some other pathologies ( alpebromandibulyarny syndrome . abnormally short palpebral fissure ). Treatment of prolapse of the century in this case is carried out only after a precise definition of the reasons which provoked the disease.
Acquired drooping lower eyelid and upper more common. In this case, depending on the cause of the disease, ptosis is divided into several varieties. The reason is necessarily considered in the diagnosis, since it affects the treatment of lower eyelid ptosis. The fact that the patient requires correction of the upper eyelid, sometimes visible even from the photo.
Neurogenic ptosis - A consequence of the oculomotor nerve palsy. This symptom is observed in patients with tumors . diabetic neuropathy . intracranial aneurysms .
Myogenic form This symptom occurs in patients myasthenia . In this case, there may be bilateral ptosis. Due to the load on the eye of the patient developing double vision.
Aponeurotic ptosis typical for the elderly people who have muscle lifting the lid, moving away from the plate to which it is attached. As a result, the tension disappears century and its fixation. This symptom can occur in a person who has had an injury.
Mechanical Form symptom - a result of scarring or a tumor, causing the eyelid horizontally shortened.
Defined as a false ptosis, cause that is too large skin folds above the eye. Also, such a phenomenon can be observed in people with strabismus and hypotonia of the eyeball
How to get rid of omission?
A doctor who diagnoses, identifies not just ptosis, and the cause that has provoked the appearance of this symptom. During the diagnosis the doctor must perform a detailed survey to find out when the disease manifested itself, ptosis was observed at whether any of the relatives, whether a person has a chronic illness. Be sure to identify congenital or acquired form of the disease occurs in a patient.
ALWAYS standard eye examination, which is determined in the process of visual acuity, visual field disturbances, the intraocular pressure. Inspect the eyes if necessary appointed by MRI and CT scan of the brain.
Treatment of upper eyelid ptosis held conservative and surgically . How to cure without surgery ptosis, it is appropriate to recognize only those patients diagnosed with neurogenic form of the disease. In this case, treatment is carried out so facial ptosis to restore nerve function. Practiced physical therapy techniques, local treatment. If conservative correction of ptosis century does not produce results, then the patient needs surgery. Ptosis sometimes corrected by temporarily fixing the eyelid patch, however, this method is inconvenient to the same person creates a cosmetic discomfort.
But the most common treatment lowered lids, as well as treatment of gravitational ptosis persons held surgically . Doctors warn that postponing surgery and treatment at home to practice the upper eyelid ptosis should not. Especially important it is to determine how to treat the ptosis of the upper eyelid, if the child is sick. In children, there is an active formation of body posture and, therefore, ptosis may negatively affect the developing organism. Surgical intervention on this issue is not carried out for children who are under three years, because before that age still is an active formation of the eye and the age gap. Young children can pull the skin plaster, but at night it is required to take. However, this method is practiced only temporarily.
If there is a lack of mobility of the century, it is fixed to the frontal suturing muscle. This operation does not cause complications in the future. In some cases, a muscle resection. Also other embodiments of the surgical intervention. Typically, the operation passes using a local anesthetic is rapid and without severe pain. After 3-5 days, sutures are removed, a few days later the person can lead a normal life. After surgery again in most cases, the disease does not develop.
In the absence of timely and correct treatment of ptosis a person develops over time strabismus . amblyopia . reduced vision .
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