Norfloxacin

Description overdue on 28.12.2011

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Antibacterial drugs, fluoroquinolone . Has a bactericidal effect, it leads to destruction of bacteria and destabilize DNA chain. The drug has a wide range of norfloxacin antimicrobial action. Effective drug effect lasts for 12 hours. Produced in tablet form, in the form of eye drops, ear.

Indications:

Norfloxacin prescribed for bacterial infections of the urinary system ( urethritis . cystitis . pyelonephritis ), Genitals ( endometritis . cervicitis . prostatitis ), Gastrointestinal tract (shigellosis, salmonellosis ), Uncomplicated gonorrhea, and traveler's diarrhea . It is used for the prevention of infectious disease sufferers granulocytopenia . Locally assigned when norfloxacin   conjunctivitis . keratitis , Keratoconjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, blepharitis , Blepharoconjunctivitis, meybomit,   dacryocystitis . The drug is used to prevent eye infections after extraction of the cornea or conjunctiva of foreign body before and after surgical operations on eyes after their damage by chemicals. Norfloxacin is effective in otitis externa, acute otitis average, chronic otitis media, is assigned to the prevention of infectious complications in surgical interventions of character to the organ of hearing.

Contraindications:

Norfloxacin do not prescribe fluoroquinolones intolerance, pregnancy, breastfeeding, lack of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, children and adolescents (under 18 years) age. Be wary of cerebral arteriosclerosis, epilepsy syndrome, renal insufficiency, hepatic system, epilepsy .

Side effect:

Digestive system Nausea, bitter taste in the mouth , Diarrhea, loss of appetite, epigastric pain, increased activity of " Hepatic "Transaminases, vomiting, dyspepsia; developing long-term use pseudomembranous enterocolitis. The urinary system : glomerulonephritis , Albuminuria, crystalluria, polyuria, dysuria, hypercreatininemia, urethral bleeding. Nervous system : Dizziness, headache, fainting, hallucinations Insomnia. Cardiovascular system : Arrhythmia, vasculitis , Drop in blood pressure, tachycardia. Senses   (for local use): photophobia, chemosis, conjunctival hyperemia, pain and burning sensation in the eye, blurred vision. Locomotor apparatus : Tendon rupture, tendinitis . arthralgia . Forming Organs : Reduction hematocrit , Decreased white blood cell count, eosinophilia. Allergic reactions: edema, itching . Stevens-Johnson syndrome   (erythema multiforme malignancy) hives . In other parts of the system - candidiasis . Possible overdose. When receiving 3 g for 45 minutes, she developed nausea, vomiting, a "cold" sweat, dizziness, puffy face without major distortion of hemodynamic parameters, drowsiness. No specific antidote. Treatment: gastric lavage emergency, the use of adequate hydration therapy with forced diuresis . Required medical examination and for several days, the steady observation.

Mode of application:

Inside: uncomplicated cystitis - 400 mg twice daily for 7 - 10 days; infectious diseases of the urinary tract - within 3 -7 days; when a urinary tract infection chronic recurrent nature - up to 12 weeks. In acute bacterial gastroenteritis type - 5 days; at pharyngitis , Cervicitis, proctitis, acute gonococcal urethritis - 800 mg dose; typhoid fever - 400 mg three times a day for 14 days. As a prophylactic agent: anti-sepsis - 400 mg twice daily; against bacterial gastroenteritis - 400 mg once daily; against traveler's diarrhea - 400 mg per day prior to departure and all along the way (no more than 21 days); against recurrence of urinary tract infections - 200 mg norfloxacin daily. In patients with impaired renal function in QA for more than 20 ml per minute dosage adjustment is not required. Patients on dialysis, as well as QC less than 20 ml per minute (or serum creatinine   above 5 mg per 100 ml), half the therapeutic dose administered twice a day or the full dose once a day. Local: 1 or 2 drops in the affected ear or eye 4 times a day. Depending on the level of infection with the first dose may be increased to 2 drops every two hours.

Special instructions:

During treatment with norfloxacin should avoid direct sunlight, it is recommended to take plenty of fluids. Be particularly careful when driving a vehicle, management of complex mechanisms, performing work that requires high concentration and rapid psychomotor reactions (especially in the case of simultaneous reception of ethanol). During therapy may be an increase prothrombin index ; if surgery is necessary to constantly monitor the level of blood clotting.

Drug Interactions:

Norfloxacin decreases by 25% clearance theophylline . Improves concentration cyclosporine   anticoagulants and blood serum. Reduces action nitrofurans . Simultaneous use of antacids with magnesium and aluminum hydroxide, and the PM with sucralfate negatively affect the absorption norfloxacin - between the administration of these drugs should be spaced at least 4:00. Simultaneous treatment with norfloxacin reduces epileptic threshold may trigger the development of drug seizures epileptic form. The simultaneous use of norfloxacin and drugs that are potentially able to reduce blood pressure can lead to a dramatic reduction of his. Therefore, in such cases, as well as simultaneous application barbituratsoderzhaschih and other drugs for general anesthesia is necessary to control the pulse, blood pressure, heart function.