Cefotaxime

Description overdue on 12/16/2014

• Latin name: Cefotaxime
• ATC code: J01DD01
• Active substance: Cefotaxime (Cefotaxime)
• Manufacturer: PROMED EXPORTS (India)

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• Composition
• Product form
• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
• Indications of cefotaxime
• Contraindications
• Side effects
• Instructions for use (method and dosage)
• Overdose
• Cooperation
• Terms of sale
• Storage conditions
• Shelf life
• Cautions
• Analogs
• Babies
• With alcohol
• During pregnancy (and lactation)
• Reviews
• Price, where to buy

Composition

Each vial contained 0.5, 1.0 or 2 g Cefotaxime   (INN Cefotaxime - Cefotaxime)

Product form

The drug is available only in the form of a powder intended for solution administered intramuscularly or intravenously. The powder may be white or yellowish. Glass vials of 10 ml are available in packs of cardboard with the instructions supplied by the manufacturer. Cefotaxime tablets no longer available.

Pharmacological action

Semisynthetic antibiotic . The active ingredient belongs to the III generation cephalosporins applied parenterally. The drug is active against gram-negative and in Gram-positive flora resistant to sulfonamides, aminoglycosides and Penicillin . The mechanism of antimicrobial exposure is based on the suppression of the activity of transpeptidase by blocking peptidoglycan.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Following intramuscular injection of the maximum concentration after 30 minutes is recorded. 25-40% of the active substance is bound to plasma proteins. Bactericidal effect lasts for 12 hours. The gall bladder, bone tissue, the myocardium, the soft tissue is created the effective concentration of the active ingredient.

The active ingredient penetrates the placenta, is determined in the peritoneal, pleural, synovial, cerebrospinal fluid, and pericardial. The urine output is almost 90% of the drug (20-30% - active metabolites, 60-70% - the original appearance). In intramuscular half-life of 1-1.5 hours by intravenous infusion - 1 hour. Cumulation is not observed. Partially active substance excreted bile .

Indications of cefotaxime

The drug is prescribed for infectious diseases .
Indications of cefotaxime in the pathology of the respiratory system:

• pleurisy ;
• pneumonia;
• bronchitis ;
• abscesses .

The drug is actively used in:

• endocarditis ;
• septicemia ;
• Bacterial meningitis ;
• Postoperative complications;
• Lyme disease ;
• infections of the soft tissues and bones.

Cefotaxime antibiotic prescribed for diseases of the throat, nose, ear, kidney and urinary tract.

Contraindications

Injections are not prescribed for cefotaxime:

• bleeding;
• individual hypersensitivity;
• child bearing;
• enterocolitis history .

In the pathology of hepatic and renal recommended further examination by a specialist to give a conclusion on the absence of contraindications to antibiotic therapy with cephalosporins.

Side effects

Local reactions:

• pain on intramuscular injection;
• phlebitis   by intravenous infusion.

Side effects from the digestive tract:

• pseudomembranous colitis;
• nausea;
• cholestatic jaundice;
• increase in ALT, AST;
• hepatitis;
• diarrheal syndrome ;
• vomiting.

Hematopoietic system:

• gipoprotrombinemii;
• hemolytic anemia;
• reducing the number of Platelet ;
• neutropenia.

There are   allergic responses   ( angioedema , Increased numbers of eosinophils, itching ) candidiasis . interstitial nephritis . When registering other negative reactions need help doctors and self-cancellation of the drug.

Instructions for use (method and dosage)

Instructions for use of cefotaxime in adults : every 4-12 hours intramuscularly or intravenously administered 1-2 grams. In pediatric practice also appointed injections of cefotaxime. Instructions for use for children   weighing less than 50 kg 2-6 times per day is administered 50-180 mg / kg. How many days prick antibiotic determined by the attending doctor, taking into account the underlying disease, the overall response of the organism, comorbidities. The tablets are not available.

How to breed intravenous cefotaxime 1 g of powder diluted in 4 ml of sterile water, introduced slowly for 3-5 minutes.

How to breed with novocaine Cefotaxime 1 g of powder diluted in 4 ml of novocaine, administered slowly.

The powder is diluted? The solvent can be a sterile water, lidocaine and novocaine. The latter two compounds are used for pain relief, because injections of cefotaxime quite painful.

Overdose

Large dose in a short time can cause encephalopathy . dysbiosis   and allergic responses. Early treatment must necessarily include antisense drugs.

Cooperation

Nephrotoxicity is enhanced by treatment of "loop" diuretics, aminoglycosides. NSAIDs and antiplatelet agents increase the risk of bleeding. Never mix cefotaxime with other drugs with the same syringe (with the exception Novocaine . Lidocaine ). Probenecid   increases the concentration of active substance slows its excretion.

Terms of sale

An antibiotic sold in the pharmacy. Presenting a medical prescription form is mandatory. Recipe in Latin:
Rp. Sol. Cefotaximi 1.0 g (dose in grams)
D.t.d. N (specify the number)
S. / in (or V / m)

Storage conditions

The manufacturer recommends to comply with temperature control - up to 25 degrees. Restrict the admission of children to the vial containing the powder.

Shelf life

2 years.

Cautions

Therapy nephrotoxic drugs requires mandatory monitoring indicators of the renal system. In the treatment of more than 10 days is necessary to estimate the change in peripheral blood. Elderly or debilitated patients to prevent hypocoagulation   appointed Vitamin K . When the diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis treatment ceased.

Analogs of cefotaxime

Match code ATC 4th level:

• Cefixime
• Tseforal Soljutab
• Pantsef
• Klaforan
• Cefodox
• Supraks Soljutab
• Ceftriaxone

• Klaforan;
• Tsefosin;
• Tsefabol.

Analogs of cefotaxime tablets are not available.

Cefotaxime children

Cefotaxime dosage for children is calculated according to the following scheme: 50-180 mg / kg / day. Cefotaxime children prescribed with caution. Newborns do not prescribe.

Cefotaxime and alcohol

Alcohol during antimicrobial treatment can cause effects similar to the action   Disulfiram :

• drop blood pressure ;
• facial flushing;
• tachycardia;
• migraine headaches;
• epigastric cramps;
• vomiting;
• shortness of breath;
• tachycardia.

During pregnancy (and lactation)

I contraindicated in I trimester. With breastfeeding , In the II and III trimester of antibiotic can be applied only in cases where the benefit to the mother outweighs the risk to the fetus. When lactation medication can change the oropharyngeal flora of the child. Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of the drug in experimental studies in animals have not been confirmed. Doctors do not recommend the use of an antibiotic in the pregnancy .

Reviews of cefotaxime

In pediatric practice can meet the appointment of antimicrobial medication to children in cases where other antibiotics have not given the expected results. Reviews of cefotaxime confirm its high antimicrobial activity, but also contain an indication of the number of adverse reactions, which often occurs after treatment (goiter, bloating, cramps).

Price cefotaxime, where to buy

Price injections of cefotaxime is dependent on the region's sales. The vials, vials 1g can be bought for 75 rubles (5 pieces). Price cefotaxime for 50 pieces of 750 rubles. Tablets are not for sale.

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