Furiousness

November 25, 2011

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Furiousness   It is a viral infection of zoonotic nature. Man infection is transmitted through the saliva of carnivores due to bites. The infection is accompanied neuronal degeneration   in the brain and spinal cord. Rabies in humans is manifested symptoms of a deep disorder of the nervous system, as evidenced by high arousal . manifestation aggressiveness . Dementia Which eventually causes paralysis   and subsequent death.

Symptoms of rabies and its overall clinical picture described in the first century AD. Then the disease is called hydrophobia. Even then it was clear that arises as a result of rabies animal bites. Louis Pasteur in 1885 invented the rabies vaccine, which guarantees full protection of the human development of the disease. The causative agent of rabies is Virus genomic RNA Shaped rod or bullet. Nowadays there are two variants of this virus: the first, called wild operates exclusively in the natural environment, the animal, the second, fixed, is used in the manufacturing process of modern vaccines against this disease. Both variants of the virus is particularly close in the antigenic structure, so that the vaccine is created based on the second type of virus, guarantees the protection of wild virus.

The virus is not sensitive to low temperatures, but by boiling it immediately dies. Also, he is killed by exposure to ultraviolet rays, and drying under the influence of 2% solution Lysol . chloramine . carbolic acid .

The sources of the virus are infected animals , With the saliva which the virus is released into the outside world. Saliva   become contagious for about ten days before the onset of the disease in the animal. Under normal conditions, the ill person is not a source of infection. The literature contains descriptions of rabies as a result of corneal transplants of people who died of rabies.

The virus is transmitted by contact, usually a person becomes infected after being bitten by an infected animal. Much more rarely it happens due to virus infection or licks a person sick animals. It is now believed that the infected can not only direct contact   manner but also aerogenic   (in caves inhabited by infected bats in the laboratory) alimentary   and transplacental   method.

Every year more than 50 thousand people in the world die from this disease. At the same time about a third of the people infected by contact with wild animals, and in other cases, infection occurs from pets. The virus enters the human body through the skin or mucous membranes, which were damaged due to contact with sick animals. The originator moves to the central nervous system through nerve fibers and perineural spaces, and then begins to spread in the same way peripherally. Also, the pathogen can spread hematogenically   and lymphogenous . Under its influence there is a formation of edema in the brain are activated degenerative and necrotic changes in nature. In view of the changes in the central nervous system occur convulsions   breathing and swallowing muscles, increases significantly salivation and sweating, occurs in disorders of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Later, the central nervous system of the pathogen enters the system, and other organs. Infiltrating in the salivary glands, it begins to stand out with saliva.

The clinical picture of rabies

While incubation period   It depends on whether, in what Mete took a bite or licks. So if the infection got into the body through the area on the face or head, the incubation period lasts two to four weeks. If the damage occurred in the legs, then this period can last from several months to one year. The disease can be divided into three distinct periods: the initial period (depression), as well as periods of excitation and paralysis.

In the initial period of the disease develops gradually, which can complicate diagnosis. It had taken place on the bite people often simply forgets. However, in some cases appear precursors of the disease. It may be pulling pain, itching and burning in the place where the wound has healed from the bite. Less local lesions can appear swelling and redness. More clearly expressed changes in the mental state of the person. He manifests pronounced isolation and depression, often a high irritability. The patient has a poor appetite and sleep, while he was haunted nightmares. He was also concerned about the headaches and the state of malaise in general. Man pursues a constant feeling of anxiety, fear, apathy   and feel pressure in your chest. Symptoms of rabies at this stage can also occur occurrence dyspeptic symptoms   (usually a constipation ).

In the second period the height of the excitement happening of the disease. This period begins after two or three days after a depressive period. The patient is observed subfebrile body temperature, a state of excitement. The symptoms of rabies appear the development of typical symptoms - rabies . akustofobii . aerophobia, photophobia   Rabies is manifested in the use of water: while attempting to drink a glass of water from the patient feels a painful spasm in the throat and larynx .  When you try to bring a container of water to his lips turn blue and the patient is trying to throw a glass .  But this symptom is not observed in all patients suspected of having rabies, which complicates diagnosis .  Later, similar behavior is observed in a patient with the noise of the water, and even at the mention of the water .  For the other mentioned phobias are characterized by fear of even very small noise, blow air, light .  Paroxysms provoked such phenomena, continuing a few seconds, they are accompanied by muscle spasms in the face of mydriasis .  Breathing becomes part of the patient and uneven, it shows aggression, screaming, perhaps trying to bite or hit others .  He has been a strong salivation, so he always spits .  In the second stage of the disease attacks are rapidly becoming more frequent, the patient loses weight rapidly .  He starts variety hallucinations But while it remains in the mind, only the end of consciousness disease cloudy. The duration of the second period of the disease - two or three days, in rare cases - up to six days.

The period is the last period of paralytic rabies. It is characterized by the following symptoms of rabies. Man falls down into a state of complete apathy, significantly reduced motor function and sensitivity. In this manifestation, characteristic of the previous period, may disappear entirely. In general, it seems that there was an improvement in the patient's condition. But after a while sharply and strongly temperature rises, it becomes very frequent heart rate, lowers blood pressure, and there are Hand paralysis . Foot . cranial nerves . As a result, the cause of death becomes a paralysis of the respiratory and cardiovascular centers. This period can last from one to three days.

Diagnosis of Rabies

It is important to differentiate a person from rabies paresis . Polio Other paralysis . Tetanus . Botulism . Encephalitis . Hysteria . It is important to have a correct diagnosis or information bites or licks to animals, which then disappeared or died. As the most demonstrative evidence of disease experts define hydro, acousto, aerial and photophobia.

During the life of an infected patient can distinguish the virus from his saliva or cerebrospinal fluid. The possibility of setting fluorescent antibody reaction on skin biopsies or fingerprints from the cornea. But to date, these methods for diagnosing practically applied, however diagnosis is made on the study of disease symptoms. As a retrospective diagnosis used histological examination of brain sections who died from the disease. In sections detect the presence Taurus Babes-Negri .

Treatment for rabies

At this time there is no causal therapy for the treatment of disease. It is therefore possible to use only the means and methods that can alleviate the patient's condition. To remove the motor excitation is used sedatives , Convulsions stopped by curariform drugs . To compensate for respiratory disorders, the method of tracheotomy and respirator.

Rabies Prevention

To effectively deal with the manifestation of rabies in humans is necessary scheduled fight the spread of rabies among animals. This occurs through the use of mass routine vaccination, the destruction of diseased animals, following the rules of keeping animals at home, control measures for the transportation of animals within the country and across the border. In order to prevent by creating awareness among the people and those who are involved in working with animals, do preventive vaccination. Grafting involves three intramuscular administration of the vaccine in a dose of 5 ml into the deltoid muscle of the arm. If there were scratches or bites should immediately wash the wound thoroughly with soap water. The edges of the wound then treated with an alcohol or tincture of iodine , Imposed on the wound sterile dressing. Those who are injured as a result of an animal bite, immediately poison specialists for the course rabies vaccination . It is important to bear in mind that the effectiveness of vaccination is expressed only when it made not later than the fourteenth day since the animal bite.

In the hearth makes a clear manifestation of rabies epizootic and epidemiological supervision . Among other things, made of laboratory services for the rapid and effective diagnosis of rabies in humans and animals. In the presence of a hospital patient with rabies, it is placed in a separate room, and all specialists work with him only in protective clothing. If there has been a hit in the saliva of the patient skin and mucous membranes should undergo rabies prophylaxis using drugs.

"Rabies uterus"

So call nymphomania   - Excessive sexual desire in women, which is considered to be a type of hypersexuality. The disease manifests itself very strong desire for frequent sexual contacts with different partners. "Rabies uterus" is also expressed indistinguishability to certain characteristics of the partner: nymphomaniac completely indifferent to his age, appearance, etc. Basically nymphomania associated with the inability to achieve orgasm. For patients' rabies uterus "is characterized by a state of sexual frustration, the search for new partners, the constant random links.

In the treatment of this disease, it is important to distinguish between the presence of the disease and extreme version of normal. Specialists prescribe therapy sedatives, as well as, if required, psychotherapy.