Phenazepam

Description overdue on 09/15/2014

• Latin name: Phenazepamum
• ATC code: N05BX
• Active substance:
• Manufacturer: JSC "Valenta Pharmaceuticals", the Russian Federation (tablets), "Novosybchempharm", the Russian Federation (the solution for I / O, and the / m)

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• Composition
• Product form
• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
• Indications fenazepama
• Contraindications
• Side effects
• Phenazepam: instructions for use, dosage
• Overdose
• Cooperation
• Terms of sale
• Storage conditions
• Shelf life
• Analogs
• Synonyms
• With alcohol
• During pregnancy (and lactation)
• Reviews
• Price, where to buy

Composition

International name of the drug (INN): Bromdigidrohlorfenilbenzodiazepin .

Part Fenazepama in tablet form   includes:

• 0, 0005, 0, 001 or 0 to 0025 g fenazepama (bromdigidrohlorfenilbenzodiazepina) ;
• milk sugar (lactose);
• potato starch;
• Povidone (Kollidon 25);
• calcium stearate;
• talc.

1 ml Fenazepama ampoules   contains:

• 0, 001 g fenazepama (bromdigidrohlorfenilbenzodiazepina) ;
• glycerin (glycerol) distilled;
• sodium disulfite (sodium pyrosulfite);
• polysorbate 80 (Tween 80);
• Sodium hydroxide solution (sodium hydroxide) 1 M;
• water for injections.

Product form

The drug is available in Phenazepam tablet form   and in form of a solution for intramuscular or intravenous administration .

In tablets containing bromdigidrohlorfenilbenzodiazepina   at a dose of 1 mg, there is also a risk.

A solution for intramuscular and intravenous injection is produced in glass vials 1 ml. Packing:

• Cardboard box with 10 ampoules fenazepama and lancet;
• blisters of PVC film with 5 or 10 ampoules of the drug.

For inpatient hospital Phenazepam available in cardboard boxes with cardboard grille. In one box may be as many 50 or 100 vials with the solution.

Pharmacological action

anxiolytics   (the other name of the group - tranquilizers, psychosedative means ataraktiki, antinevroticheskie means).

Anxiolytics and in particular Fenazepam - a psychotropic drugs. having the ability to reduce or inhibit expression of anxiety, fear, anxiety, relieve emotional stress.

Phenazepam has the ability to have an effect:

• anxiolytic ;
• sedative ;
• hypnotic ;
• miorelaksiruyuschy ;
• anticonvulsant ;
• amnestic .

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Phenazepam - what is it?

bromdigidrohlorfenilbenzodiazepin   It is a powder with a crystalline structure, white or white to light cream color shade. The substance is practically insoluble in ether and water, slightly soluble in alcohol and sparingly soluble in chloroform .

Phenazepam Soviet scientists was established over 40 years ago and was originally used for medical purposes as a highly active tranquilizer.

In particular, a drug widely used in military medicine. Also, the means used to treat seizures . Sleep Disorders . depression . alcohol withdrawal   etc..

drug   It provokes a variety of (sometimes contradictory) effects:

• strong sense of drowsiness;
• euphoria;
• a surge of positive emotions;
• increase in aggression;
• anger, etc ..

Disorder Nervous System .

If the early stages of the use of the drug in humans marked drowsiness and stained positive emotions, then after a while (for uninterrupted use fenazepama) positive emotions give way to negative.

People who abuse fenazepama suffer from hallucinations Some may appear even obsessive suicidal thoughts. Slang like a psychedelic crisis is often called bad trip (or simply bed).

Phenazepam as a narcotic drug

As drug Phenazepam is most prevalent in Western Europe and in particular in the UK. In its pure form it is used very often, due to the unpredictability of the action bromdigidrohlorfenilbenzodiazepina   on the body. So, on the forums, which communicate drug addicts, you can find reviews of the following kind: " How rushing Phenazepam ?! If you're lucky, a few days ".

Even for medicinal purposes issued by the doctor to the patient before surgery pills fenazepama in some cases can trigger the effect of retardation, which firmly holds up to three days.

Most often, addicts consume Phenazepam to facilitate brittle, when you can not find other drugs, as well as just to sleep normally.

The prevalence of the drug due to its low cost and relatively high efficiency. Also contributing to this is the fact that you can buy Phenazepam Regular prescription.

Many drug users, however, over time, wonder " How to get off the fenazepama? ". Canceling the drug is a very important step. For this reason, before you stop taking it, the patient should see a doctor, get tested and pass the necessary tests.

Optimal cancellation fenazepama spend in a hospital, especially when there is no certainty that the patient will comply with all recommendations of the physician.

Modern Drug Addiction offers several ways to discontinuation of the drug:

• Carrying-challenge using .
• Method fenobarbitalovyh equivalents
• The method involving the use of a saturating dose (which gives Fenazepam patient within a short period of time more and more doses).

The purpose of the first two methods - definition of a dependent person needs barbiturates . The third lets you trigger light intoxication .

Thus the patient must be informed of the inevitable consequences of therapy, which are expressed in the form tachycardia . nightmares

In some cases, the feeling can be so unpleasant that the patient does not stand up and throws treatment. And even in the case of its successful completion of some relapse can occur. Complete freedom from dependence is possible only if you want the person to get rid of his illness.

Pharmacodynamics fenazepama

The effects are due to the ability fenazepama   affect different parts of the central nervous system.

The anxiolytic effect of the drug due to the influence bromdigidrohlorfenilbenzodiazepina   on amygdala visceral brain   ( limbic ).

Sedation due to the influence bromdigidrohlorfenilbenzodiazepina   on the nerve structure in the central parts brainstem   ( reticular formation of the brain ) And forming .

The drug has a general calming effect on the central nervous system, reducing the severity of the reactions to external stimuli, psychomotor excitability, in part by reducing daily activity, reducing the concentration of attention and speed of mental and motor reactions, etc ..

By regulating CNS function, Phenazepam reduces the intensity of the impact of various types of autonomic, motor and psycho-emotional stimuli affecting the mechanism of sleep.

Soporific effect arises from the fact that against the background of treatment the patient much easier onset of sleep, sleep deepens, and its duration increases.

In addition, due to its inhibitory effect on the central nervous system, the drug has the ability to potentiate the effects of hypnotics . anesthesia   and painkillers (why not Phenazepam tablets administered in combination with these drugs).

Action fenazepama as muscle relaxants   (ie means relaxing skeletal muscles) mainly due to capacity bromdigidrohlorfenilbenzodiazepina inhibit polysynaptic (and to a lesser extent - monosynaptic) stem-spinal reflexes.

From what helps Phenazepam, acting as a muscle relaxant?

The drug effectively eliminates (or at least reduce the severity of) stress, de-excitation (including the engine).

However, the same property can be restricted to the appointment of the drug to people whose work involves some quick mental and physical reactions. In some cases, muscle relaxant effect is a feeling of lethargy, increased weakness, etc ..

The action of the drug, aimed at reducing seizure activity , Associated with increased inhibition of presynaptic voltage pulse propagation convulsive (epileptogenic activity) occurring in the foci of epileptogenic brain cortex, brain visceral as well as thalamus .

Anticonvulsant action   due not only to the influence of bromdigidrohlorfenilbenzodiazepina GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid - the main inhibitory neurotransmitter (a neurotransmitter) in the central nervous system that is responsible for balancing the effect of activating neurotransmitters), but also with the ability to influence the substance of the canal Na + (voltage-dependent sodium channel).

It is not excluded that tranquilizing, muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant effects are realized through the GABAA receptor and sedative (hypnotic) effect is mediated by changes in flows of Ca2 + ions through the potential-dependent channels.

Sleep it is very similar to the physiological and is characterized by typical EEG latter stages and phases.

On the positive (productive) symptoms, which are accompanied by a sharp psychotic disorders   ( delirium . hallucinations . affective state   etc.) Fenazepam almost no effect.

In rare cases, patients may experience a decrease in emotional tension and reducing the severity of delusional disorders.

Pharmacokinetics fenazepama

When administered drug is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. plasma , Varies from one hour to two.

Phenazepam exposed hepatic metabolization , The period of its life in the body in different patients may be from 6 to 18 hours. Products metabolism   excreted from the body mainly by the kidneys.

Pharmacokinetic parameters fenazepama in the form of a solution for injection is not provided by the manufacturer.

Indications fenazepama

• neuroses , Pseudoneurotic (neurosis) state psychopathy , Psychopathic disorder and other conditions that are characterized by the emergence of feelings of fear, increased anxiety, irritability, mood variability (his lability), increased intensity;
• ;
• reactive psychosis ;
• hypochondriasis hypochondriacally-senestopatichesky syndrome ; including in cases where treatment with other tranquilizers do not produce the expected result);
• autonomic dysfunction syndrome ;
• prevention phobic states  
• temporal   and ;
• panic reactions ;
• dyskinesia . tics ;
• a sharp increase in the tone and steady resistance to the effects of muscle deforming forces ( muscle rigidity );
• instability (lability) of the autonomic nervous system;
• .

In the annotation to the drug also indicates that Phenazepam can be used for pre-medical preparation of patients for general anesthesia and surgery.

Contraindications fenazepama

Since Fenazepam belongs to the category of potent drugs, it has some contraindications and may be used to treat not all categories of patients.

So, it is forbidden to assign Phenazepam:

• patients in shock   or coma ;
• patients suffering from symptoms myasthenia ;
• at angle-closure glaucoma   (as during an acute attack, and people with a predisposition to a disease);
• Patients who are diagnosed with COPD (the drug can provoke increase in respiratory failure);
• at acute respiratory failure ;
• lactating women;
• children and adolescents under the age of 18 years;
• patients who have observed increased sensitivity to benzodiazepine drugs, as well as sensitivity to any of the supporting components of the drug.

Patients with severe liver dysfunction and / or kidney Phenazepam should be taken only under the supervision of an experienced specialist.

Also with great caution the drug is prescribed to people who have previously experienced a syndrome of addiction to drugs, psychological dependence on certain kinds of medicines for people and elderly patients.

Side effects fenazepama

Phenazepam characterized by a large list of contraindications and side effects that have been observed in patients receiving the drug, is also quite diverse. This is due to the ability of the drug to affect the activity of the nervous system.

The majority of patients - especially in the early stages of treatment - increased drowsiness, a feeling of fatigue and lethargy, there dizziness, impaired ability to concentrate and focus in space, symptoms ataxia It slows down the speed of mental and motor reactions, confused mind.

Several less nervous system reacts to the reception fenazepama:

• appearance headaches ;
• feeling euphoria ;
• depressive states ;
• tremor ;
• memory impairment ;
• ataxia (especially if the drug is taken in high doses);
• worsening of mood;
• dystonic extrapyramidal disorders ;
• symptoms asthenic syndrome ;
• myasthenia ;
• dysarthria .

In very rare cases, in response to receiving the drug appear paradoxical reactions, which are expressed in the form of uncontrolled outbreaks aggression . phobias . hallucinations . anxiety . spasticity . sleep disorders , The emergence of suicidal tendencies.

Hematopoietic system can respond to Phenazepam decrease in the concentration of its formed elements ( leukocytes   postkletochnyh and structures, which include erythrocytes   and platelets ) Hemoglobin and neutrophilic granulocytes .

Adverse reactions that have been observed on the part of digestive system They include: increased dryness of the mouth, salivation, poor appetite, constipation   or diarrhea . heartburn , Nausea, elevated liver enzymes, liver ( transaminases ) jaundice

On the side reproductive system   the possibility of increasing or on the contrary decreased libido in women may also show symptoms dysmenorrhea . Some patients receiving accompanied fenazepama allergic reactions

• addiction to the drug;
• the development of drug dependence;
• declines Blood Pressure ;
• weight loss;
• heart rhythm disturbances.

In case of abrupt discontinuation of fenazepama or reducing the dose in patients developing the so-called withdrawal , Which is often expressed as the symptoms that led to the patient receiving the drug.

Phenazepam: instructions for use, dosage

Tablets Phenazepam: instructions for use

Tablets Fenazepam intended for oral administration. The average daily dose usually ranges from 0 0015 to 0 005 g bromdigidrohlorfenilbenzodiazepina. Share it recommended two or three steps.

Morning and afternoon fenazepama instructions for use is recommended to take 0, 0005 or 0 001 g in the evening dose may be increased up to 0, 0025, the maximum allowable daily dose considered bromdigidrohlorfenilbenzodiazepina of 0 '01

How to take the tablets at various diseases:

• State, accompanied by sleep disorders : Drug taking about half an hour before going to sleep at a dose of 0, 0 and 00025, 0005, the
• Neuroses .   pseudoneurotic (neurosis) state . psychopathy . psychopathic disorder After a few days (usually 2-4 days, depending on the tolerability and efficacy of phenazepam) allowed to increase the dose to 0, 004-0, 006 g per day.
• Motor restlessness . vegetative paroxysms , from trachyte . increased anxiety : Treatment start with a daily dose of 3 mg, and then rapidly increasing the dose until the desired clinical effect.
• Epilepsy : Daily dose varies in the range from 0 002 to 0, '01
• Alcohol withdrawal syndrome : Daily dose is from 0 0025 to 0 005
• Diseases accompanied by an increase in muscle tone : Daily dose of 0, 002-0, 006

• Cupping . . . .
• anesthesia

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Cooperation

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Terms of sale

Storage conditions

Shelf life

Match code ATC 4th level:

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• dizziness ;
• attacks nausea ;
• vomiting .

withdrawal :

• depression ;
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