Diseases of the kidney and urinary tract

December 5, 2012

Related Articles:

• Viral hepatitis A and E
• Bactrim
• Foot Fungus
• HPV infection

Tweet

Human kidney   - Is the organ that provides allocation process . Consequently, if the slightest change in the course of their operation can speak of developing the disease.

Any kidney disease in children and adults in the development of severe symptoms appear. In most cases, symptoms of kidney disease consist change in the amount of urine And its colors . composition . In the lumbar region the person is constantly feels the pain. All these diseases occur under the influence of pathogens and toxins. Sometimes the cause are also allergic reactions . Treatment of diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract only after the doctor clearly defines the cause of the disease. Depending on how serious the symptoms and course of the disease, and the prognosis is determined. Often the condition that the person in time to provide adequate care, and diet with kidney disease, the illness is completely cured. But in some cases it may evolve renal failure . Therefore, at the slightest suspicion on the development of the pathology the patient should definitely see a doctor.

Causes of kidney disease

Speaking about kidney disease, we mean quite a large group of pathologies in which development occurs gradually kidney tissue damage. The causes of these diseases may be diverse influences. A number of disease develops as a consequence of exposure to infection in the human body, and it can be both Bacterial And Viral   defeat. Adversely affect kidney function violation of the outflow of urine. Provoke renal dysfunction may be education - tumors, cysts. In addition, the causes of kidney disease may be metabolic, autoimmune damage the body, congenital malformations of character, decreased functional activity of the parenchyma. Disrupts the normal functioning of kidneys and stones, which are sometimes formed.

Symptoms of kidney disease

All the symptoms of kidney disease are divided into general   and characteristic . Common symptoms include difficult it is to renal failure. If a person believes that his kidneys hurt, that this and other features necessary to pay special close attention. If the kidneys hurt, the symptoms may point to other illnesses. Information on the nature of disturbing signs, as well as a detailed description of how to hurt the kidneys, it is imperative to submit a doctor.

Usually, kidney disease exhibit some common symptoms. When the disease is developing, the patient feels a slight fever and a certain degree of general discomfort, why is feeling overwhelmed. But the problem is often that such features are characteristic of a cold start, and severe pain in the kidneys do not appear immediately. Sometimes at this stage of the disease is enough to take the most basic measures to prevent further progression of the disease: to warm the feet, take a hot drink.

But if one ignores the first signs of the disease, the symptoms continue to grow further. The patient starts a fever, his temperature rises. Slowly lower back starts to hurt and back. Depending on what kind of kidney amazed - right or left - worried about pain in a specific area of ​​the loin. Less pain evident on both sides. In addition to the common symptoms include increased pressure.

Thinking what to do in such a situation, the patient should be aware that at this stage of the disease treatment should be prescribed by a doctor.

The symptoms are characteristic swelling Occurring on the face, eye area and all over the body. The latter phenomenon is more prevalent in obese people. Edema in women with kidney problems often occur when pregnancy . In this case the woman is important to know exactly why manifested edema, and what to do if they do not go for a long time.

When kidney disease also have been problems with urination. With the development of a particular disease may be concerned about the pain or burning during urination in, polyuria   (very frequent urination) oliguria   (very rare urination). Sometimes it is not at all.

Another characteristic symptom - changes in the composition and color of urine   - It is muddy, significantly changing color. Often it contains particles of blood.

If any of the above symptoms of kidney ailments should immediately turn to specialists to help determine the cause of the disease and diagnosis. Self-medication, especially with the use of drugs can lead to serious deterioration.

Hereditary and chronic kidney disease

Sometimes the symptoms of kidney disease in children occur almost since birth. In this case, you should suspect the presence of hereditary disease. In this case, over a person's life is important to avoid the recurrence of the disease, which contributes to the correct approach to prevention. Important active lifestyle, eating sufficient amounts of vitamins. But with the development of severe forms of the disease have any need for periodic appointment of drugs.

Kidney disease chronic nature of children and adults occur as a consequence of a wrong approach to the treatment of the acute form of the disease. If, after a person has symptoms of kidney disease, he did not ask for help, after some time he develops a chronic form of the disease. To any disease of the kidneys, urolithiasis disease   or urinary tract infection   not moved into a chronic form is required, above all, adequate treatment and proper diet   as soon as the first signs emerged of kidney disease.

Let us consider the most common diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract.

Glomerulonephritis

It is a disease that has the character of an inflammatory and autoimmune nature. With glomerulonephritis   glomerular damage occurs, tubules. The disease can develop independently, and accompanied by other ailments. The most common cause of kidney disease is streptococcal infection In rarer cases it develops in the background TB . malaria . Also, sometimes a cause of the disease hypothermia, the effect of toxic substances.

Allocate sharp . subacute   and chronic glomerulonephritis. In the acute form of the patient concerned about kidney pain, swelling around the eyes on the face, as well as swelling of the limbs, seizures hypertension Observed changes in the state of urine, fever, growing pain in her right or left side. Generally, this disease manifests itself in humans in a few weeks after infectious diseases.

In the chronic form, which develops in most cases as a result of acute glomerulonephritis, the symptoms are similar to symptoms of the acute form of the disease. Doctors isolated hypertonic . nephrotic . mixed   and latent   form of the disease.

In the process of diagnosis of glomerulonephritis are considered not only the instrumental and laboratory research. If necessary, also held biopsy   kidney.

To treat this disease are slow, sometimes therapy lasts several years. The patient is assigned to a diet, antihypertensive and diuretics, as well as long-term treatment with corticosteroids. If you want to practice and other methods of treatment.

Pyelonephritis

It is an inflammatory disease of the kidneys, in which the pathological process also involves the calyx, renal pelvis, the renal parenchyma. Because of the anatomical structure pyelonephritis   more often affects women. The inflammatory process can cause any micro-organisms that are constantly present in the human body or the microflora, which falls outside. The disease often becomes Proteus . staphylococcus . streptococcus . Escherichia coli . Sometimes the disease is manifested as the result of several different pathogens. But pyelonephritis occurs when a person has violated the outflow of urine from the kidney and there are disturbances in the blood flow and lymph circulation, and against this background that the body gets the pathogen.

Doctors define three forms of pyelonephritis - sharp . chronic . palindromic . The acute form of the disease develops as a consequence of reduction immunity , Hypothermia and after the application of some instrumental methods. The chronic form is often the result of acute inflammation of the kidneys and the lack of proper treatment.

The diagnosis is based on ultrasound examination of kidneys, X-rays and other diagnostic methods. The therapy was originally used antibiotics broad-spectrum, and later, after studying the results of the study on the sensitivity to antibiotics treatment with antibiotics directed action. Also practiced restorative therapies.

Nephroptosis

Nephroptosis   - Pathological phenomenon associated with too much mobility of the kidney, so-called floating kidney. Due to the anatomical features of this disease most often affects women. Because the reservoir of fat in the kidney they have a short and wide, and in this case also takes place due to the weakening of the abdominal childbearing and childbirth, often the disease develops. In addition to these causal factors provoke the development of Nephroptosis, can become very dramatic weight loss, injury, severe physical exertion. Nefroptoza defines three steps which separate according to the degree of mobility of the kidney.

Renal failure

Renal failure   - A pathology, in the development process where the kidneys lose their ability to partially or fully exercise their functions, that is, to maintain a constant chemical composition in the body. As a result, the body breaks down the water-electrolyte balance, there is a delay of those substances that in a healthy person is regularly removed from the body.

In acute renal failure comes a sharp disruption of the functioning of one or both kidneys. Acute renal failure is manifested as a consequence of the impact of various factors on the pathological renal parenchyma. The disease can develop as a result of effects on the body of drugs, toxic substances, and others.

In chronic renal failure also develop impaired renal function. This condition is a consequence of pyelonephritis . chronic glomerulonephritis . Diabetes Poisoning by certain chemical elements and others.

Hydronephrosis

With hydronephrosis   the patient is stable expansion of the kidneys cavities, which occurs as a result of violations of the outflow of urine. The disease can be either congenital or acquired. Congenital hydronephrosis appears due to some anatomical anomalies. The acquired form of the disease occurs on the background of kidney stones, tumors, breaking the flow of urine.

The relatively long period of hydronephrosis develops without showing any symptoms. Symptoms of the disease are expressed in if there kidney stones, or infectious lesion develops. The patient may be concerned about lower back pain, which can be very intense. Often the only symptom of the disease is the presence of blood in urine .

Urolithiasis disease

The formation of stones in the urinary bladder is due to metabolic disorders in the body, as well as in violation of the functions of the endocrine glands. One of the factors influencing the formation of stones, is considered the stagnation of urine in the urinary tract. In addition, an important role in this case is the hereditary factor. The stones have a heterogeneous structure - it may be phosphates, urates, oxalates.

Patients with kidney stones often suffer from renal colic, which is stronger pain. In this case, you can not self-medicate. The basic principles of treatment are to removal of stones, as well as in the treatment of inflammation associated with kidney stones.

Features of treatment of other diseases of the kidneys

There are also a number of other diseases of the kidneys, requiring adequate approach to treatment. But in all cases, the treatment of the kidneys should be done in a timely manner, as there is a risk of complications, such as kidney cancer, and others. Therefore, practicing exclusively treatment of kidney folk remedies or herbs at home, you should not.

If any disease is important to consult a doctor. For example, if a person diagnosed with a kidney cyst single, in this case it is sufficient to conduct an annual survey. Treatment of renal cyst is required if complications occur or polycystic. In this case, a person shall be appointed mainly laparoscopic surgery.

Sand as a sign of kidney stone disease is caused by metabolic disorders. In this case, in parallel with medication treatment practiced by traditional methods. However, he, like the treatment of kidney stones, should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor.

Drug treatment of kidney disease is practiced in most ailments. However, if a person is diagnosed hydronephrosis, inflammation, renal ptosis, or other diseases, antibiotics and medicines that belong to other groups selected purely individual. It is important to take into account the fact that the treatment of such diseases in pregnancy should be as gentle. Women who are prone to kidney ailments, during gestation baby recommended diet, eat as little as possible of acute food and salt.

Urinary tract infection

Urinary tract infection   a bacterial origin. In the process of its development occurs defeat urinary tract infection. In most cases the disease is caused by ingestion of E. coli . Once in the urine, bacteria multiply and cause an infection of the urinary tract.

Urinary tract infection in children and adults manifested a number of characteristic symptoms. First of all, a clouding of urine odor. The urine can be detected admixture of blood. Man feels very frequent need to urinate, and in the process of feeling pain and discomfort. Also, the symptoms can be expressed in a general malaise, abdominal pain, and in the pelvic region. When infection of the upper urinary tract person can suffer from fever , Nausea and vomiting, diarrhea. In this case it is important to ensure that no treatment of symptoms and diseases directly.

Most of the urinary tract infection affects women, as they have the urethra is shorter than that of boys. In addition, it is closer to the anus, so increases the risk of infection.

Infection is more often affects women, who live an active sex life, as well as women in menopause. In addition, the infection affects people with kidney disease and some chronic diseases that weaken the body's defenses.

Varieties of urinary tract infections is cystitis   (bladder infection) urethritis   (infection of the urethra).

To diagnose a urinary tract infection, it is necessary to analyze the urine tsitoskopiyu, as well as some other methods.

The choice of treatment depends on what kind of infection - upper or lower urinary tract - was diagnosed in the patient.

If the patient revealed an infection of the lower urinary tract that treatment may be at home. In severe infections of the upper tract of the patient is hospitalized. In the treatment using antibiotics, analgesics, other means and methods by a physician. As complications of the disease are often marked by recurrence of the disease.