Carbuncle

December 14, 2011

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Carbuncle   - It spilled necrotic inflammatory process that develops deep within the layers hypoderm   and dermis . Inflammation also affects the hair follicles, located nearby. The principal difference from the boil carbuncle is that the carbuncle formed a much larger area pyonecrotic infiltration, besides it is distributed in the dermis and hypodermis, located more deeply.

There the name "carbuncle" from the Greek word carbo, meaning "coal". This defeat Ugljevik called because of the dark color of large areas Necrosis Which appear in the current pyonecrotic inflammation. Typically, anthrax localized on the back Neck . loin . back .

Causes carbuncle

The causative agent of blackleg is basically aurococcus Although in some cases may induce the occurrence of blackleg and other types of staph. This pathology is often manifested in the general exhaustion of the body, which arose because of the constant malnutrition either recently undergone a serious illness of a general nature. Provoke carbuncle may also be a violation of metabolic processes, especially problems with carbohydrate metabolism in patients diabetes . Also contribute to the development of disease disturbance to the functioning GI . kidney . liver . Carbuncle develops on the background of the general beriberi . Often damage is manifested in the dirty areas of the skin where there is friction on her clothes.

Symptoms carbuncle

In the early stages of the disease in the skin can be felt several plotnovata nodules located separately, but merge into one infiltration . Gradually becoming more extensive infiltration sometimes reaches an area of ​​sufficient size. The surface of the lesion, usually has hemispherical shape. In place of carbuncle skin very annoying, and in the heart of infiltration becomes bluish skin color. The patient feels pain in a place where there was defeat. This stage of the disease lasts about 8-12 days. Thereafter, in place of infiltration appears several pustules . These tires are opened, after which their place there are holes. At this stage, bacteremia resembles a sieve, and through the hole begins to green pus and necrotic discharge, which are found mixed with blood. Over time, the central portions of the carbuncle begins to develop necrosis. After the dead weight of the skin torn away, there is a fairly extensive tissue defect in the form deep ulcers . In particularly serious cases, the depth of the ulcer can reach the muscles. This stage of development of the infection may last from 14 to 20 days. Thereafter ulcer fills granulation tissue And on-site carbuncle appears deep tripe Which is soldered to the underlying tissues. The scar looks pretty rough. Scars remain on the skin and after the designated operation on the carbuncle.

As a rule, the skin there are single carbuncles. The process of developing such lesions accompanied by high fever. One feels very strong pains having yanking character, chills, and malaise. In some cases, malignant carbuncle occurs. Such pathology manifests itself in the elderly, in patients who are in a state of exhaustion as a result of diabetes or neuropsychiatric reexhaustions . Under such conditions the patient can feel the pain of neurological character. It is also possible manifestation delirium . deep prostration . fever septic nature .

Complications carbuncle

If during the course of the disease develops profuse bleeding from a large vessel, it may be fatal. Death can occur and as a result of sepsis. When bacteremia occurs in the upper lip and nose, the disease may occur as a result of heavy meningeal complications .

Diagnosis carbuncle

Diagnosis carbuncle is made simple enough. Doctors pay attention to the possibility of manifestation anthrax carbuncle In which the tissue swelling is expressed more strongly in the field of black pustules scab appears that resembles coal. In this case, in laboratory studies in humans are the causative agent of the disease - aerobic gram-positive anthrax wand . To distinguish from the carbuncle boil doctor takes into account the symptoms described above.

Treatment of carbuncle

If bacteremia is small, located on the limbs or trunk, with no pronounced intoxication, diseases can be treated on an outpatient basis. If the treatment takes place at an early stage, that is, after the formation of the inflammatory infiltrate, patients received antimicrobial therapy. Basically appointed reception antibiotics   broad-spectrum, as well as synthetic antibacterials   broad spectrum of activity. Patients were administered simultaneously with drugs analgesic   exposure, heart   facilities. With such a disease the patient is advised to adhere to dairy plant diet . Skin surface should be treated with 70% ethanol and impose on him an aseptic bandage. It is also successfully used in the treatment of ultraviolet irradiation, using UHF therapy. If you have assigned the correct set of treatment, then after only two or three days there is a reverse process of infiltration. This reduces the patient pain, comes back to normal temperature, improves the overall picture of the blood.

If treatment begins at the stage of necrosis, the patient is assigned to surgery. If carbuncle formed small size, the surgery is performed under local anesthesia . Carbuncle is cut crosswise, and held necrectomy. Thereafter, each day is necessary to change the bandage (for dressings used hypertonic sodium chloride solution, proteolytic enzymes). In the postoperative period shows antibiotic therapy . physiotherapy .

If a person goes to a doctor with a carbuncle large enough, and the specialist determines the progressive necrotic process . diabetes Increases intoxication , The patient hospitalized immediately. It is important to spend in the hospital treatment of carbuncle, which is on the surface of the face.

Carbuncle kidney

The disease is characterized by purulent necrotic lesions followed by the appearance of a limited infiltrate in the kidney. Carbuncle kidneys may occur as a primary disease due to extensive bacterial invasion of the purulent center located remotely. Carbuncle can later be opened in pelvis   or perirenal fat And consequently manifests paranephric abscess . Carbuncle kidney, some experts define as a form of acute pyelonephritis . Pathogens carbuncle kidney - golden and white staphylococcus, Proteus, E. coli. Very often, kidney carbuncle is shown after the final occlusion of large vessels in the kidneys microbial embolus, penetrating with blood from the source of the inflammation. A carbuncle is a kidney and a single, and multiple. It generally develops in the kidney cortex, but it happens that gets bacteremia and medulla. In the later stages it appears purulent fusion. The main signs of kidney carbuncle is a sense of dramatic manifestation of weakness, pallor of the skin. In humans, fever, chills, manifested a very strong and distinguished pouring sweat. Arterial pressure   lowered.

To diagnose this state is difficult. It uses the blood test for leukocytes : When this state is shown massive leukocyturia. In addition, the test is carried out to identify in the peripheral blood activated lymphocytes . It is also used X-ray and radioisotope techniques.

In the course of treatment prescribed antibiotic therapy, but the main method of treatment is surgery. When the time for surgery cured the disease.

Prevention carbuncle

As preventive measures carbuncle should always be kept clean skin and underwear. It is important to maintain overall body immunity, to prevent occurrence of diseases that provoke a carbuncle.