Osteochondrosis

January 20, 2012

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Osteochondrosis   - A condition in which there is a number of violations in the dystrophic articular cartilage. Osteochondrosis can occur in various joints, but most commonly affects the low back pain intervertebral discs . If we consider the place of localization of disease, low back pain can be divided into chest . cervical . lumbar .

Osteochondrosis - a disease which becomes the cause of back pain in approximately 80% of cases. In the case of complications of osteochondrosis herniated disk   pain sometimes occur in the head, limbs and other organs. The most commonly considered lumbar osteochondrosis Provoking pain in the legs. Many people complain of symptoms cervical osteoarthritis In which the arms and head ache. With breast forms   disease pain occurs in the internal organs.

Causes of osteoarthritis

The original cause of osteochondrosis   considered Human bipedalism . There are many different theories about the causes of osteoarthritis. Such, for example, are hereditary predisposition nature, trauma, metabolic disorders in the body. Determining the cause of the disease is complicated by the fact that the disease manifests itself in people of different ages, different body and physical level of development.

There is also a theory that the cause of osteoarthritis is becoming accumulation of salts in the spine . However, experts say that it is to some extent misleading. And that is the correct analysis of the causes of the disease is the main effective treatment of the disease.

When osteochondrosis nature of the disease is noninflammatory . degenerative . In the development of the disease is disrupted food tissues, regenerates its structure. People who are constantly active physical activity are more resistant and elastic tissue of the bone. This is due to the fact that the wheels of the spine of an adult do not have their own vessels, hence, oxygen and nutrients to the wheels come from tissue which are adjacent. This process may be complete only when active circulation , Which is possible only in constant intensive muscular work.

Each intervertebral disc comprise two parts. In the center of the disc is the nucleus pulposus, which makes the drive the resilient and strong around him fibrous ring. If the power of intervertebral discs to become worse, the structure of biopolymer compounds can be destroyed. By decreasing the moisture content of the disc it becomes brittle. And if the spine is subjected to gravitational forces, the nucleus pulposus is divided into fragments. As a result of its elasticity is greatly reduced. The fibrous ring and lose strength. Similar phenomena are the starting point for developing osteoarthritis in humans.

Because symptoms degenerative changes   It takes place in the spine calcification   damaged discs, ligaments, capsules. This phenomenon - the last stage of the process of developing the disease.

Unfortunately, the reverse process when such changes in the spine is virtually impossible. Therefore, the main objective of the treatment of degenerative disc disease is to maintain the current state.

The main manifestations of osteoarthritis become more pronounced in people after the age of thirty-five. At the same time, the older a person becomes, the more symptoms of the disease had been observed. Recently, however, complained of back pain more young people to seek medical attention.

The reasons for such an early occurrence of osteoarthritis is primarily a very weak physical activity . postural problems , and rachiocampsis . flatfoot   and obesity . To date, the main causes of degenerative disc disease is considered to be the following:

• hereditary predisposition character;
• problems with metabolic processes, intoxication, infection;
• being overweight, poor nutrition (low consumption of liquid micronutrient deficiencies);
• the presence of spinal injuries, its curvature, bad posture, flat feet;
• the existence of poor environmental conditions;
• inactive lifestyle;
• Regular weight lifting, work in awkward positions for a long time, the activity in which the person often repeats snatch motion, turning and bending the trunk;
• too strong physical load, overload of the spine as a result of diseases of the foot, the inconvenience in wearing shoes and load during pregnancy;
• sudden cessation of regular exercise people who exercise, stress, smoking malicious.

Complications of osteochondrosis

As complications of osteochondrosis occur following diseases: kyphosis . protrusion . herniated disc . radiculitis .

Symptoms of osteoarthritis

People who suffer from osteochondrosis, primarily manifest tangible back pain. Sometimes these pain accompanied by numbness and aching sensations in the limbs. If treatment of degenerative disc disease does not start on time, people lose weight quickly, it happens atrophy limbs . When you exercise, and stress, as well as in the process of lifting too heavy objects, in the process sneezing   cough and pain may become more intense. The patient has osteochondrosis decreased range of motion, manifest muscle spasms .

Cervical osteochondrosis   manifested due to the structural features of the cervical spine. The cervical vertebrae are much smaller than other parts of the spine vertebrae. Accordingly, cervical osteochondrosis manifests itself because of the constant stress on the neck. Symptoms of cervical degenerative disc disease are expressed as follows: pain occur in the hands, neck, shoulders, and you may experience headaches. For this type of disease is characterized by vertebral artery syndrome . When the manifestation of this syndrome a person feels the presence of noise in the head, in the sight of flashing "flies" dizzy. Before the eyes can occur colored spots, parallel one feels severe pain in the head of the pulsating nature. Symptoms of cervical degenerative disc disease sometimes resemble signs angina But in this case the patient in the study did not observe changes in the heart.

Patients osteochondrosis of the thoracic   spine patient feels pain in the chest. Pain can give to the heart, as well as other internal organs.

Patients osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral spine   feel pain, which can give to the legs, pelvis, in the pelvic organs. They are affected nerve roots, disturbed sensitivity may be reduced reflexes   and manifest hypotension .

Diagnosis of osteochondrosis

The preliminary diagnosis " osteochondrosis "Specialist already set during the initial examination of the patient. As a rule, conducts inspection doctor neuropathologist. Usually the patient comes to receive complaints of pain, as well as deformation or limited mobility.

Research carried out in the patient's spine when standing, sitting and lying down, the doctor examines him in motion and at rest. During the examination the doctor is required to pay attention to human posture, especially its body, particularly the spine, relief of muscles, which are located near the spine.

Because of the feeling of the spine results of examination of the patient can be supplemented with information on whether there is a deformity of the spine where the pain is localized, and the degree of its intensity. In the process of feeling it is also determined by how tense the muscles next to the spine, because the muscle tone accompanies the majority of illnesses and injuries. To determine the range of motion of different parts of the spine, it studied the possibility of bending.

In the diagnosis of osteoarthritis is often used computed tomography . X-rays . Magnetic resonance imaging . These methods allow you to determine what level of destruction of the spine, to determine whether there are hidden pathology and specify the diagnosis.

With the right approach to the diagnosis of a doctor can determine what tactics to choose his therapy, the result was the most highly.

Treatment of osteochondrosis

Treatment cervical osteoarthritis As well as other forms of the disease and its complications conducted using conservative methods, the purpose of which is to eliminate pain, restore function of spinal nerve roots, and for the prevention of degenerative phenomena in the structures of the spine.

If all methods of conservative treatment does not bring the desired effect, and for this there are special indications, the patients sometimes appointed surgical treatment of degenerative disc disease . The volume of surgery depends on how struck the spine and the symptoms of the disease.

The severity of the disease depends on the duration of therapy. Typically, the active phase of treatment with conservative methods generally takes about 1-3 months. After surgery, the patient recovered roughly about one year. After the start of medical treatment for many patients with osteochondrosis pain has been increasing. This is expressed by the reaction of the muscles and other entities for treatment.

If the pain is too strong, it is possible to stop relatively quickly with the help of physical therapy methods, medicines and the use of specially developed complex of exercises for patients with osteochondrosis. It is important to bear in mind that an important factor that influences the effectiveness of the treatment is the correct behavior of the patient's adequate attitude to the need to adhere to the developed method of treatment. To do this, it is important perseverance, patience and the desire to defeat the disease. It is proved that the most effective is to carry out medical treatment and recovery after surgery in health conditions, as well as in medical centers that specialize in the treatment of this disease. If you have the necessary equipment and qualified physicians a comprehensive treatment will be most effective and productive.

In the combined therapy in the treatment of cervical degenerative disc disease necessarily includes physiotherapy . massage . physiotherapy . manual therapy . reflexology , The use of drugs.

One of the most important methods of influence on the state of the musculoskeletal system of man is physiotherapy. The patient regularly performs a number of exercises, during which occurs gradually decompression of the nerve roots, the correction of the muscular system, increases the flexibility of ligament-muscular system. Special exercises with cervical osteochondrosis allow to provide effective prevention of further development of the disease. The main condition here is the regularity of all the exercises.

When using the physiotherapy treatment of degenerative disc disease occurs by physical factors - Magnetic Fields . low-frequency current . ultrasound   and others. This technique reduces the rehabilitation period after surgery, as well as enhance the effects of different drugs.

With the help of massage can relieve tension muscles, improve blood flow, produce strengthening effect in general.

To remove the sharp pain used manual therapy . This technique also allows you to adjust your posture. Pain is also captured by the spinal traction   - The procedures carried out using special equipment. When there is an influence of acupuncture reflex zones of the human body and can significantly improve the effects of other methods.

During acute illness is used, treatment with medication, with which reduces inflammation, pain docked, activates metabolic processes. Drugs are administered intravenously or intramuscularly.

The most tangible results of treatment are observed when using several methods in the complex. However, the treatment of cervical degenerative disc disease and other forms of the disease they must appoint only doctor.

Preventing osteochondrosis

In order to prevent the manifestation of degenerative disc disease, it is necessary to keep in mind the implementation of several important rules. First of all, patients suffering from some form of osteoarthritis, should be aware that they are forbidden to lift more than 10 kilograms. If you intend to heavy load and heavy lifting, you should use a special belt or corset. Do not keep heavy objects on outstretched arms, this creates additional load on the spine. Lifting weights, you should sit down and get up with a heavy object. The load must be distributed evenly.

It is very important before you start to exercise or to another load to drink some liquid, as if the body is dehydrated, the discs of the spine can not absorb the right amount of moisture.

Periodical massage improves blood circulation and metabolism. After loads or long-term work in one position it is desirable to hang on the bar or at least a little stretch with their hands up. We can not allow sharp turns and movements.

There is a special set of exercises aimed at the prevention of degenerative disc disease. This exercise is aimed at developing flexibility and training of the back muscles.