Description overdue on 04/24/2014
- Latin name: Sinemet
- ATC code: N04BA02
- Active substance: Carbidopa, Levodopa
- Manufacturer: MERCK SHARP & DOHME, B.V., The Netherlands
- Composition
- Product form
- Pharmacological action
- Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
- Indications
- Contraindications
- Side effects
- Instructions for use (method and dosage)
- Overdose
- Cooperation
- Terms of sale
- Storage conditions
- Shelf life
- Cautions
- Analogs
- Reviews
- Price, where to buy
Composition
Depending on the form of a tablet containing 100 mg or 250 mg levodopa and 10 mg or 25 mg carbidopa .
Product form
Sinemet drug comes in tablet form, just pack contains 10 blisters each with 10 tablets.
Pharmacological action
The drug inhibits decarboxylase, has antiparkinsonian and dopaminergic action.
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Sinemet - a combined drug combining levodopa and carbidopa. Eliminates dysphagia . hypokinesia . tremor . drooling . rigidity . Levodopa is converted into dopamine directly into the central nervous system, thereby making up for the lack of it in the CNS. Carbidopa reduces levels of dopamine in peripheral tissues, thus increasing the level of levodopa entering the CNS.
After 24 hours, after ingestion of the drug effect is shown, the full effect can be achieved in a week.
Levodopa is quite rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, the data on the pharmacokinetics of karbidody not available. Absorption is about 25% of the dose, the maximum concentration in the blood observed after 2, 5-3 hours. Absorption is slowed down if the food is in the stomach. At 8 hours about 75% of the material discharged through the kidneys as metabolites.
Indications
Sinemet drug is prescribed in the following cases:
- Parkinson's syndrome (except for cases when it is caused by antipsychotic agents);
- Parkinson's disease ;
- postencephalitic syndrome amid toxicity (including manganese, carbon monoxide), cerebrovascular disease.
Contraindications
The drug is contraindicated for use in the following cases:
- angle-closure glaucoma ;
- the combined use of non-selective MAO inhibitors ;
- hypersensitivity ;
- melanoma Skin diseases;
- 18.
Precautions should be taken medication: myocardial infarction . lung diseases ( bronchial asthma and etc.), heart failure . diabetes . renal failure . erosive and ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract . decompensated endocrine diseases . seizures . epilepsy . hepatic failure . lactation . pregnancy .
Side effects
As a result, the medication may occur following undesirable effects:
- palpitations, arrhythmia , A sharp increase or decrease in pressure, syncope, orthostatic reactions, phlebitis ;
- anorexia , Dry mouth, diarrhea , Bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, constipation , Dark saliva, vomiting, duodenal ulcer . dyspepsia , Change in taste;
- anemia . leukopenia . agranulocytosis . thrombocytopenia ;
- headaches, sleep disorders (possible nightmares insomnia ), Dizziness, drowsiness, psychotic reactions (delusions, paranoid thinking, paresthesia, hallucinations , Agitation, confusion, depression ) Dementia Episodes bradykinesia , Neuroleptic syndrome, increased libido;
- hives , Itching, bullous rash , Angioedema, rheumatocelis ;
- upper respiratory tract infection, dyspnea ;
- darkening of sweat, increased sweating, rash, alopecia ;
- frequent urination, infection ways mochevyvedeniya, dark-colored urine;
- asthenia Pain in the chest.
Admission Sinemet may also affect the laboratory values: positive Coombs, bacteriuria , Decreased hematocrit and hemoglobin, increased urea nitrogen, elevated AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, LDH, leukocyturia, hyperbilirubinemia, hematuria.
Instructions for use (method and dosage)
Sinemet should be taken orally three times a day.
Therapy should start with 0, 25 tablets (25 / 250mg), after 2-3 days the dose can be increased by another 0, 25 tablets. The optimum dose usually one or two tablets.
The maximum dose per day, which can not exceed the recommended - 6 tablets (150 mg of carbidopa / 1, 5 g of levodopa).
Overdose
If overdose is necessary to wash out the stomach, hold antiarrhythmic therapy (if necessary). To monitor and detect arrhythmia must be carefully monitored and ECG.
Cooperation
Heart rhythm disturbances may occur while the application with levodopa ditilinom . beta-agonists and means for inhalation anesthesia . When applied to tricyclic antidepressants may reduce the bioavailability of levodopa. Reduced protivoparkinsonicheskogo action possible when used with levodopa clozapine . pyridoxine . clonidine . papaverine . phenytoin . reserpine . diazepam . neuroleptics and Mr. holinoblokatorami .
Poor circulation may result from the application of MAO inhibitors (they should be discontinued no later than 2 weeks).
The sharp decrease in pressure occurs in patients taking levodopa and tubocurarine .
Metoclopramide may prevent disease control.
Terms of sale
Prescription.
Storage conditions
Store in a dark place at a temperature of not more than 30 ° C.
Shelf life
3 years.
Cautions
Do not abruptly stop taking the drug because of the risk of symptom (accompanied by muscle rigidity, mental health problems, fever). Should be monitored for patients who need to dramatically reduce the dose of medication.
During therapy, the patient should be monitored (including mental), as well as peripheral blood picture.
The drug is not intended to address extrapyramidal reactions , Which was caused by drugs.
Violation of absorption can be caused by eating food with high protein content.
It is necessary to constantly monitor the intraocular pressure in patients who suffer from glaucoma.
Sinemet should be taken with a meal or drinking a small amount of water.
During treatment, some caution should be observed when driving and the performance of work requiring attention, concentration and quick reactions.
Analogs
Sindopa
Tidomet Forte
Tremonorm
Madopar
On whom
Analogues of Sinemet may be considered drugs such as the duellin . zimoks . Isik . on whom . sindopa . striaton . tremonorm .
Reviews
Many patients who used the tool, note the high degree of efficiency. Among the main drawbacks - a strong manifestation of the side effects such as dizziness, nausea, dry mouth.
Price, where to buy
In Ukraine, the price of these tablets varies between 1440 UAH., In Russia - 4700 rubles.
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