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Eczema - Non-communicable diseases of the skin, which has a chronic character. For its current manifestation is characterized by rash, itching. This disease occurs with periodic remissions and exacerbations.
Causes of eczema
This disease is also called weeping ringworm . Eczema has a neuro-allergic nature. Typically, during development of the disease is manifested redness and swelling of the skin, and then gradually formed cracks and very small bubbles which are difficult to distinguish with the naked eye or in the image. First, the skin in the affected area dry, but later on the site of the bubbles appear ulcers or wet skin. Most often the disease develops in children, and if it is not provided proper treatment, the disease gradually becomes chronic.
As the causes of the disease is determined by a number of factors, both internal and external. This genetic predisposition nature, disturbance to the functioning of the endocrine and nervous system, secondary immunodeficiency Infections, allergic reactions. Sometimes of eczema associated with dysfunction of the central nervous system as well as the involvement of the peripheral nerves.
Symptoms of eczema
A characteristic feature of the disease is manifested symmetrical processes. In children, eczema often occurs on the face, chin, at least - on the head, back, chest, knees and elbows. In adult patients often diagnosed eczema in her arms, neck, ankles, as well as in areas of bends - on the inside of the elbow or on the outside of the knee. To determine how to treat the disease, it is important to include initially manifested illness to a certain type.
However, the allocated number of symptoms common to all types of diseases: skin redness, appearance of vesicles, crusts, cracks, presence of peeling and scratching. Also in the affected areas appear spots whose color can vary from pink to bluish. Treatment of eczema on the hands or on other body parts, it is important to produce so as to reduce the appearance of even one symptom - strong itch attacks, which often occur in the evening and immediately after contact with the affected area of the body of water.
Types of eczema
Manifestations true eczema always sharp: it can begin at any age, and thus the disease is jerky: frequent relapses, after which the disease becomes chronic, in which periodically appear exacerbation. For the acute phase is characterized by the formation of multiple bubbles and after the happening of an autopsy on the affected areas appear moist erosion . In the acute stage of the disease a person suffers from severe burning and itching. When the inflammation subsides, the total number of bubbles decreases, the skin becomes dry and starts to peel off. The magnitude of the true centers of eczema can be different, the contours are often blurred, and the affected areas are alternated with healthy portions of skin. These lesions appear, usually symmetrically in the feet, forearms, wrists. The disease in children often affects individuals, buttocks, legs and chest.
One subspecies is considered to be a true eczema disgidroticheskaya eczema Which tend to develop on the soles, on the sides of the fingers on the palms of hands and skin. Symptoms of this form of the disease is the appearance of a large number of small bubbles, which have a thick tires. The size of these bubbles is small - from 1 to 3 mm in diameter. Outbreaks of the disease are easily distinguished as they are surrounded by the rim of the stratum corneum, peeling process. In the center of education visible flakes, brown, small erosion. Disgidroticheskoy eczema treatment should take place only under the supervision of a physician, and even any folk remedies can be practiced only after his permission.
With Microbial eczema lesions are located asymmetrically, they usually occur on the extremities of man and have rounded shapes. There are also ulcers and clearly defined boundaries of the stratum corneum. Often, the development of this form of the disease in the patient over time, there are fistulas, sores, wounds that do not heal for a long time. Some of the main foci visible microvesicles . At the same time away from the source of the disease is sometimes manifest allergic rashes. As a variation of this form of disease is allocated nummulyarnaya eczema In which the patient formed rounded lesions with clear boundaries. They have a diameter of not more than 3 cm, a blue-red color and scorch flakes. Most of these lesions are located on the back of the hand and on the extensor surfaces.
On the hairy parts of the head develops seborrheic dermatitis . Such damage can also capture BTE shell, scapula and the sternum. In this case, it has a yellowish hue, fatty flakes are laminated and moknutie offline. For these foci typical gradual regression in parallel with the central part of their growth in the periphery.
Occupational eczema is a disease of allergic nature, which manifests itself as a consequence of human contact with certain substances, irritating the skin. In this case most often occurs defeat exposed areas of the skin: eczema can occur on the face, hands, neck, forearm. In more rare cases, the affected foot and leg. In place of the disease outbreak marked the presence of edema, vesicles, itching and marked periodic Moisture. After some time, they begin to mark the symptoms that are characteristic of a true eczema. The illness for a long time, but if the patient is no longer in contact with the allergen, which became the cause of the disease, it comes quickly regress. The patient should be aware that each new aggravation of the disease has to be more severe. To determine the presence of high sensitivity to allergens used skin tests.
Mycotic form The disease manifests itself in a patient in the case of merger fungal infections . It is often developed eczema on his legs. For such forms of lesions characterized by significantly scaling, circular pockets. Treatment of eczema on his legs held in a complex: with the mandatory application of antifungal drugs.
When paratravmaticheskoy form of the disease lesions appear where before there was an injury.
The development of varicose eczema symptom contributes to the presence of varicose legs. In this case, it can also adversely affect drugs used to treat Varicose Veins .
Eczema in children
Weeping ringworm in children is manifested with the presence of symptoms seborrheic . true and microbial eczema. Symptoms of these diseases forms variously combined and may be combined in different parts of the body. The first symptoms of the disease can occur in children, which was three months. The disease is characterized mainly for kids that feed artificially. Initially, the child may be affected by the forehead, then - the cheeks. After this defeat gradually affects the scalp, neck, ears, limbs, torso, buttocks. Child insomnia worried as he feels very itchy. Seborrheic dermatitis may manifest itself in the second week of life. In this case, the hair on the cheeks and forehead, ears and neck folds of a rash. Sometimes children have also been signs of microbial eczema.
Eczema can sometimes be accompanied by asthma and occur on the background exudative diathesis . Often a predisposition to eczema occurs throughout life. Children suffering from this disease often have allergies to certain foods, odors, dust, medicines. Any allergic reaction can be a kind of impetus to the development of eczema.
It is important to pay attention to this problem in nursing babies. You should always consult with your doctor about feeding these children. Kids with eczema should not be tightly swaddled, and use them for the clothes of non-natural fabrics. Bathing the baby in the water you can add a series, chamomile, oak bark.
Diagnosis of eczema
To diagnose weeping shingles in adults and children, the doctor initially perform a thorough examination, studying the clinical picture. It is also guided by a history expert and, if necessary appoint an additional examination.
Treatment of eczema
For eczema treatment was the most effective, comprehensive approach is practiced as a therapeutic and prophylactic measures. Initially, therapy should be directed towards the elimination of the initial factor, which became the cause of the disease. It neurotic disorders , Disorders of neuroendocrine nature, chronic diseases.
The treatment of microbial eczema, as well as other kinds of diseases requires compliance with the rules of hygiene and the correct approach to nutrition. You can improve the condition of the patient, using some folk remedies. Thus, patients are assigned a bath with a decoction of herbs - chamomile, succession, oak bark. These plants have astringent properties. However, overheating the body and thus avoid heavy sweating can not. To achieve the desired results of the treatment, you should follow a special milk-vegetable diet, which will be reduced intake of spicy and spicy food, and liquid. Alcohol patients who have seen the symptoms of eczema, and can not eat. Dietary eczema should be light and contain a small amount of carbohydrates.
As a method of systemic treatment of disease eczema ointment applied on the basis of active ingredients. She, like other drugs, must appoint a doctor as determining how to treat this illness, it takes into account the overall health. Depending on the form of the disease used antihistamine drugs immunomodulators Vitamins. In addition, important dehydration and detoxification therapy. Depending on what kind of disease (seborrheic microbial, true) is diagnosed in a patient, it is recommended topical formulations. If the eczema on the face or other parts of the body has all the signs of an acute form of the disease, are assigned to corticosteroid sprays, for example, prednisolone . Also make lotions, which use anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs. Weeping eczema treatment requires said means as long as the Moisture disappears. Other tools are used only when acute inflammation is removed.
Treatment folk remedies
For information on how to cure eczema, can be found and preserved to this day recipes of traditional medicine. Effective ointment, which includes 20 g of leaves of burdock, chamomile flowers, root ungulates, grass willow-herb. All of these components are used in dried form. To this mixture is added water, and herbs cooked on a slow fire. Later they need to add a tablespoon of oil. After the mixture is sufficiently thickened, it is filtered and mixed with half glycerol.
You can cook for external use, and ordinary decoction of burdock root, which is necessary for the preparation of 15 g of crushed dried burdock root angering a glass of water and boil for ten minutes. Compress on the affected area are doing well with fresh strawberries, previously well pounded.
Traditional medicine also recommends decoctions and infusions for internal administration. In this case, you can be treated broth nettle deaf flowers that are used several times a day for half an hour before meals. Similarly, you can take a decoction of the roots of couch grass, verbena tea. It is also recommended to drink tea from the dried fruits of Viburnum, and to take a few days to 2 mL of sea buckthorn oil.
Recommendations for eczema
In the days when the disease is exacerbated, be sure to follow the diet, eliminating all allergens from the diet. No need to avoid contact with the affected areas of the body with water, as well as household cleaning products. It should also limit contact with allergens, which at one time had been the cause of the disease. It is important to avoid ingestion of infections, in particular herpes simplex Herpes .
Always made sanitation foci of infection, which are giardiasis biliary tract . acute pyoderma . varicosity . intestinal dysbiosis .
Treatment of eczema in children requires mandatory Deworming . A child during treatment should receive a large amount of natural vitamins from fruits and vegetables.
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