Bruxism (teeth creak at night). Parafunktsii masticatory muscles

June 24, 2011

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Bruxism   - Gritting his teeth at night, due to stereotypical periodic activity of certain muscle groups. This type of dental system pathology is a result of violations of the typical functions of the neuromuscular complex. For the first time the disease as the cause of bruxism, has been described M. Karoly   in 1901, who named it traumatic neuralgia . Later, in the second half of the 20th century a number of doctors, it was considered appropriate to refer to this pathology parafunktsiey masticatory muscles . Under parafunktsiey mean increased inexpedient activity, systematically occurring strain or spasm of the masticatory and facial muscles and the tongue muscles.

Currently, there is a description parafunktsy following:

• clenching of teeth;
• biting lips;
• biting the cheek or tongue, due to space tongue between his teeth;
• movement of the lower jaw forward or to the side;
• biting lips;
• creaking teeth;
• rhythmic movement of the muscles and submandibular language.

Most often, there are combinations of different parafunktsy. According to research results, are more prone to bruxism children from 3 years and adolescents (21, 4%) and the elderly (6, 3%). Men pathology occurs in 2 times less often than women.

The explanation for this is that parafunktsiya masticatory muscles occurs against a background of emotional overload.

The causes of bruxism (parafunktsy)

Causes parafunktsy masticatory muscles are not fully understood and has not yet been identified. It is believed that they arise from a combination of psychological stress with adverse local factors, such as malocclusion, the absence of some teeth, etc. One reason is probably cervical osteochondrosis . Because the teeth are involved in many human behavioral and emotional state, for example, aggression, pain, fear, rage, there is an unconscious habit of clenching your teeth. Frequent repetition of the situation happening programming parafunktsy masticatory muscles on a subconscious level.

Complications of bruxism (parafunktsii)

As any failure in the normal operation of the body, bruxism causes certain complications. Systematic clenching of the teeth leads to an increase in the individual hypertrophic masticatory muscles. Bruxism can also cause the appearance of fibroids oral mucosa, lichen planus, fingerprint impression of teeth on tongue (scalloped tongue), inflammation of the mouth under the removable dentures . musculo-articular dysfunction .

Also available are such complications of bruxism:

• cracked and chipped enamel;
• broken crowns and (or) the roots of the teeth;
• the occurrence of tooth sensitivity;
• formation on the teeth original "erased" sites;
• wedge-shaped defects necks of the teeth;
• the occurrence of tooth mobility;
• deformation of the teeth;
• false pulpitis .

Due to the unconscious and uncontrollable stress on the jaw may be broken dentures.

Treatment of bruxism (parafunktsy)

Because of the priority measures required adjustment of mental state and, where possible, eliminate the causes of adverse emotional background. Possibly, if necessary, prescription sedatives natural origin ( infusions Motherwort . Valerian   etc.).

Effective relaxation of masticatory muscles in order to repay entrenched pathological reflexes with the help of relaxing splints, tires to sleep for a long period (several weeks or longer).

The struggle with bad habits: the abuse of chewing gum, biting tongue and cheeks, biting foreign objects. Often there is a need to put bridges and implants (removable dentures) or orthodontic correction of dental malocclusion.

Treatment of bruxism The choice of the method and means of individual and based on the general condition of the patient.