Pancreatic diseases

January 27, 2012

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Pancreas   located deep within the abdomen, above. This gland is of great importance in human life. It produces enzymes Who are directly involved in the process of digestion proteins . carbohydrates   and fat . First, these enzymes fall into a common duct of the pancreas, and then - in the duodenum. There also is their effect on the food. Moreover, it is within the pancreas has special cells that produce vital hormone insulin . Pancreatic hormones, getting into the blood, responsible for the regulation of sugar metabolism in the body. If the insulin the pancreas produces insufficient, the consequence of this failure to get the disease diabetes .

The symptoms of pancreatic diseases

The symptoms of pancreatic disease at different ailments are relatively similar to each other. First of all, in violation of the pancreas in humans appear pain   and dyspeptic disorders . Pain in the abdomen occur in the epigastric region. Also, pain can give in the left upper quadrant, in the back or left shoulder, taking the nature of shingles. Sometimes the pain is permanent, in other cases it manifests attacks. Once a person transfers, uses a lot of fatty, spicy or fried food, alcoholic drinks, pain is greatly enhanced. Pain is reduced after the application of cold, while the heat only adds to the pain. Also, you can ease the pain by taking a certain posture: for this you need to sit down and bend forward, you can also lie on your side and pull your knees to your chest. In the process of palpation abdominal pain may occur in the left upper quadrant. As a dyspeptic symptoms in diseases of the pancreas is most often seen vomiting and nausea. It is also possible diarrhea.

If the functions of the pancreas are violated, man can significantly decrease appetite and accordingly, a reduction in weight. For more information about the diseases are producing results ultrasound, computed tomography, a series of X-ray studies.

Inflammation of the pancreas

Suddenly manifested in humans Pancreatic inflammation   called sharp pancreatitis . The main causes of this disease is most often alcohol abuse, duodenal ulcer and gall bladder. Due to these reasons the process violated the outflow of secretions in the ducts of the pancreas. Consequently, increased pressure in the ducts. Pancreatic enzymes that have high activity, are absorbed into the pancreatic tissue. Thus, there is a kind of a process of "self-digestion" of cells. Very quickly it develops a strong inflammation of the pancreas. In acute pancreatitis often show diffuse changes of the pancreas. The tissue is hemorrhage . swelling   until the emergence of Necrosis   pancreas. The disease almost always begins acutely, its main distinguishing feature is the pain in both hypochondria, in the stomach, sometimes the pain is encircling.

The manifestations of pain are very strong and difficult to pull off such attacks. In addition, the attacks often accompanied by vomiting, and constant nausea. The general condition of the body is also very poor: arterial pressure   reduced, the pulse speeded up. In this case, it is imperative that urgent help. As a rule, the patient is hospitalized. Sometimes the acute form of the disease goes into chronic pancreatitis .

In the chronic form of inflammation of the pancreas observed during long illness. The initial stages of the disease may be expressed edema and hemorrhage. Further, during the development of the disease, breast tissue becomes less in volume, and connective tissue it replaces. The causes of chronic pancreatitis is alcohol abuse, availability cholelithiasis . peptic ulcer   and other diseases of the duodenum. Patients atherosclerosis   due to circulatory disorders of the pancreas and chronic pancreatitis may develop.

At the beginning of the disease in humans periods of exacerbation occur from time to time, their main symptom - severe pain as in acute pancreatitis. Medications are not always relieve pain. In the development of the disease decreases the amount of breast tissue, and manifest symptoms that causes reduction in the amount of pancreatic enzymes. The food is digested poorly, the patient is constantly rumbling in the abdomen, decreased appetite, perhaps as diarrhea And constipation . It is also possible the reduction of pancreatic hormone, the result could significantly increase the level of sugar in the blood.

To diagnose chronic pancreatitis is difficult, because most of the symptoms of the disease resemble those of a number of gastrointestinal diseases. The most accurate information about the disease of the pancreas can be obtained in the course of the study by ultrasound, CT and X-ray the pancreatic ducts.

In the treatment of chronic pancreatitis is important to show enough patience, stick diet   and comply with all the recommendations of experts.

Treating inflammation of the pancreas

In the treatment of pancreatic cancer is necessary in parallel to conduct proper treatment of those diseases that can cause chronic inflammation of the pancreas. It is important to completely abandon the use of alcohol. If the patient has gallbladder stones, they should be removed.

During exacerbation of illness or the acute form of the disease the doctor usually prescribe drugs that reduce isolation gastric And means enzyme type, which does not contain components bile . It is recommended not to eat at all in the first few days of treatment of pancreatic cancer. This allowed the use of alkali-carbonated mineral water, weak tea.

If the disease is passed to later chronic stage, the enzyme means should be taken over a long period. Preparations should be changed periodically, and if the patient's condition improves, then the time in the treatment of pancreatic cancer can take a break.

Tumors of the pancreas

Pancreatic tumor   It can be of two types: pancreatic cancer Which in our time is relatively frequent, and functioning tumor Developing from the special cells. These tumors secrete large amounts of pancreatic hormones.

Pancreatic cancer may manifest a variety of symptoms. Symptoms may be different, depending on where it is - where in the prostate - the tumor develops. Thus, if there is cancer of the head body, the human jaundice due to the fact that the common bile duct is compressed. If the cancer manifests itself in the body or tail of the gland, the patient rapidly progressing diabetes. In most cases of pancreatic cancer observed same symptoms as in the progressive development of chronic pancreatitis. Besides this malignancy often occurs as a consequence of long-term inflammation of the pancreas. This one feels very strong pain, loses much of its weight, it decreases appetite. Today, thanks to research by ultrasound pancreatic tumor is determined at the earliest stages.

Hormonally active tumors are like benign And malignant   character. The initial symptoms of such diseases are signs of metabolic disorders in which blood appears too much of a certain hormone. That is an increase of the hormone in the blood and is a method of diagnosis of tumors of this kind. Also similar to the tumor can be identified in computed tomography and ultrasound studies. In this case it is possible treatment by surgery, and the use Chemotherapy .

Cyst of pancreas

Cyst of pancreas   - A restricted capsule where the liquid accumulates in the form of cavities. The cyst may be located directly in hardware, and in the tissues around it. This disease occurs with equal frequency in men and women at different ages. To distinguish two types of cysts: Congenital   and purchased . In turn, acquired cysts are the following: retention . degenerative . proliferative . Parasitic .

In addition, sometimes the patient is diagnosed with " pseudocyst ". This formation appears as a result of acute pancreatitis or pancreatic necrosis, which was formed as a result of injuries. The cavity pseudocysts usually is liquid and necrotic tissue. Pseudocysts of the pancreas may be located in any part of it, and grow to a large size: sometimes the cyst is about 1-2 liters of content.

If the cyst of the pancreas is small, the patient symptoms may not appear at all. Clear signs of the disease occur when a cyst grows to especially large size and compresses or displaces organs that are close by. In the presence of large cysts in the body a person may experience pain at the top of the abdomen, weight loss, periodic jumps in body temperature, diarrheal phenomenon. Pain can be both permanent and paroxysmal. Treatment of cysts in this case is performed surgically, and the choice of technique depends on the size and location of the formation in the pancreas.

Stones pancreas

The stones in the pancreas formed relatively rare. The appearance of stones in the ducts of the prostate or diffuse deposition of salts in the parenchyma of the gland may occur as an independent disease or as a consequence of an illness before the pancreas. If we consider the chemical composition of stones in the pancreas, most often they are formed from carbonates of calcium and phosphorus. Stones salts of magnesium, silicon and aluminum are less common. They can have different size, to be multiple and occur one by one. The stones are most commonly found in the head of cancer, at least - in the other parts.

Until today not completely clear cause of the stones, but it is believed that the stones are caused by disorders of calcium-phosphorus metabolism in the body. Predispose to the appearance of stones in the pancreas pancreatic juice stasis in the pancreas and inflammation that result from secondary infection.

It is not always manifested severe symptoms of the disease. Most stones are detected incidentally on x-ray results. With severe symptoms the patient feels a constant severe pain at the top of the abdomen radiating to the back. Sometimes the pain periodically becomes paroxysmal form. Pain become more pronounced a few hours after a meal.

If the disease progresses, the patient alternating constipation and diarrhea, decreased appetite. If the migration of stones in the common bile duct of the main pancreatic duct, the patient may appear obstructive jaundice .

For the diagnosis of the doctor is guided by the results of the survey and examination of the patient, as well as the data of X-ray studies. The method of treatment is selected depending on how severe a patient's condition, whether there are complications. If the disease is mild, it is enough to be the destination of Clinical Nutrition, symptomatic and substitution therapy. If the disease is severe, frequent episodes are recorded, in this case, surgical treatment is prescribed.

Diet in diseases of the pancreas

In the treatment of pancreatic cancer it is very important to strictly adhere to a special diet for pancreas .  There is a set of products that are recommended to use for people with diseases of the pancreas .  Should be included in the menu of white bread and brown bread baking yesterday .  Diet for pancreatic cancer involves regular inclusion in the diet soups - vegetable and dairy soups, borscht, cabbage soup .  On the second subject of such a diet, you can eat low-fat Curtain, beef, rabbit meat, fish, boiled or in the form of meatballs steamed, Burgers, stews .  Allowed in all kinds of vegetables, except for fried .  The diet for pancreatic cancer include the regular use of cereals, pasta, dairy products and dishes .  Should refrain from Fat, butter is allowed in small amounts and oil .  It is also permissible to use one egg per day .  As a beverage suitable compote, jelly, weak tea .

The diet is not allowed the use of too hot and cold dishes, smoked fish, meat broths, fatty types of fish, meat, spices, chocolate, ice cream, sour apples, mushrooms, alcohol. It is important to bear in mind that food should be steamed or boiled, they can not add spices.

Prevention of diseases of the pancreas

Methods of prevention of pancreatic diseases, especially, are important to follow certain rules. You should always remember that the most negative impact on the functioning of the prostate affects alcohol, smoking, irregular meals, too much fatty food. All this should be avoided whenever possible. A good preventive method is the periodic use of herbal teas from blueberries, nettle, cranberries, dandelion, wild rose. At the slightest problem with the pancreas should abandon spicy and fried food is too fatty foods, avoid snacking "on the fly" and alcohol abuse.

It is to diversify the diet and make it healthier. Ideally, you need to eat a fractional, four or five times a day and between meals should be about the same intervals. Equally important is moderation in eating.

If a person has other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, should undergo regular study and consultation with a doctor.