Cataract surgery - the removal of a cloudy lens and implantation of an artificial lens instead. Her goal - the return of without having to wear glasses or contact lenses.
Indications for surgery
Medical:
- Overripe cataract ;
- Swelling cataracts;
- Dislocation or subluxation of the lens;
- Development of secondary glaucoma;
- If necessary, study the fundus during concomitant diseases requiring treatment under the supervision of ophthalmoscopy (fundus examination technique) or laser treatments (eg, retinal detachment, fundus changes in diabetes, and others.);
Household:
- Reduced visual acuity, restriction of the visual field, the presence of the safety volume (binocular) vision required the patient at home or in connection with his professional activities.
Specific terms
Cataracts (Gk. Katarrháktes - waterfall) - a disease characterized by a clouding of the eye's lens, prevents the passage of rays of light in the eye, and leads to a decrease in visual acuity. If not treat cataracts , The lens becomes cloudy and come fully complete blindness - an irreversible process. The drops in the eye may only slow the progression of the disease.
Artificial lens (IOL) - a special lens which refracts the light rays and forms an image on the retina. It consists of two elements - optical and support. Optical part - a lens made of a special transparent polymer material biocompatible with the tissues of the eye, that is, on its surface area, which produce a clear image of the subject. Fixed optical part with the support.
Modern lenses manufactured are made of elastic synthetic resin, they do not require suturing. The surgeon places them inside the eye in a folded state in which they are deployed independently and securely locked.
Types of lens removal operations
1. extracapsular cataract extraction.
2. intracapsular cataract extraction.
3. Ultrasonic phacoemulsification.
4. Laser cataract surgery (laser phacoemulsification).
If previously the most common operation was carried out by extracapsular cataract extraction, but now it began to spend less and for special reasons, because it is too traumatic (performed by a large incision of the cornea and closed with stitches). Most often perform cataract surgery using ultrasound phacoemulsification.
Technique of the operation
1. Using a special diamond tools the surgeon makes a single micro-incision of approximately 2, 5, 3, 0 mm;
2.In the anterior chamber introduced a special material (viscoelastic), protects the eyeball from the ultrasonic and mechanical exposure;
3. The ophthalmic surgeon enters through the micro-incision a special probe that using ultrasound allows you to "crush" the cloudy lens and turn it into an emulsion;
4. Remove residual lens masses;
5. The capsule, which formerly housed a lens, a flexible IOL injected in the folded state, which takes place within the eye independently and securely;
6. With the help of irrigation solution washes away from the eye surgeon camera protective viscoelastic material;
7. The seam does not need - self-sealing micro-incision.
Anesthesia
Local.
Contraindications
- Exacerbation of chronic diseases;
- Respiratory viral infections;
- Any acute infection;
- Decompensated diabetes;
- The state of a hypertensive crisis;
- Less than 6 kneading after myocardial infarction;
- Coronary heart disease (CHD) in the stage of decompensation;
- Hemophilia.
Possible complications
- Inflammatory reaction (uveitis, iridocyclitis);
- Bleeding in the anterior chamber;
- The rise of intraocular pressure;
- Displacement (decentration, dislocation) artificial lens;
- Retinal detachment.
The incidence of post-operative complications is less than 1-1, 5%, i.e. rarely.
The postoperative period
Patient discharged after 1-2 days, but may be earlier if conditions allow pets.
Rules of behavior after surgery
- Follow the instructions of the attending physician: take prescribed medications and eyedrops.
- Keep the operated eye: sleeping in the non-operated side, do not tilt your head down to avoid an increase in intraocular pressure, do not drive, do not press on the eye or rub it, avoid exposure to the operated eye soap and water, wear sunglasses on a sunny day.
- Within one month can not: lift weights, steam bath, take alcohol.
Where is the
In every hospital, in which there is a special room, and a trained surgeon.
Cataract surgery is part of the CHI system and should be free of charge.
Paid option
Prices (Moscow) from 35 000 rubles.
Treatment and prevention
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