Thoughts about female infidelity make sperm infertile

Suspicions of female infidelity is not just men deliver an emotional experience, but also make changes in the biological functions of the body. In particular, the changing composition of the male sperm, which loses a large amount of sperm that can fertilize the egg.

infertility

With such a resounding statement on the TV show SciShow made famous sexologist Lindsey Doe tell what changes occur in the sperm of men who think that the partner is unfaithful. According to the expert, it begins to dominate the sperm count, the main task is not fertilized, and the extermination of "competition."

According to Lindsay led the Dow, up to 40 percent of the male ejaculate is composed of so-called cells - the "kamikaze" or "fighters sperm", intended to crack down on the sperm of another man. Worth had an idea about female infidelity - and the number of these aggressive cells begin to grow in order to deal with the perceived threat. In the course of this "war" aggressive sperm use their tails, twisting them and creating "walls and barricades" on the way to a woman's egg. To break through this barrier fertilizing sperm can no longer.

As explained by the sexologist due to suspicions of treason composition of ejaculate changes: instead of the 40 percent of the cells become far more fighters. Since these sperm do not have the ability to fertilize an egg, sperm, male, in essence, becomes barren. At the same time the Dow has admitted that although this theory is known as sperm competition, actively discussed in the scientific world, some scholars deny it completely. (READ MORE)

Sex

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Shot in the back

Lumbago, or, quite simply, a chamber in the lower back - is not a disease but a syndrome, which can be privately unpleasant episode, and may indicate a serious disease of the spine. How to sort out which is which, and the time to protect your own back?

Our expert - neurologist Helen Yureneva .

Oh, tsvetochki- berries!

The morning began with a change in the suburban flower bed. When finished, I lift heavy watering can with water - and suddenly, like a dagger blow to the back, and then penetrating, arching pain. Again cross ...

For gardeners is business as usual. But in the city of reasons to run into similar trouble at least: the child in his arms lift, the heavy bag from the store brought ...

Pinched nerve, spasm of the lumbar muscles - hence the attack of severe pain, which doctors call "lumbago". But many of us to the doctors with such a "trifle" not seek - a sore spot smeared with ointment, wrapped waist warm scarf, lay a day or two - and then everything is in order. For the time being. Because any pain - a wake-up call about the problems with health.

Interesting position

However, there is a "special version": pain experienced and many expectant mothers. Firstly, because during pregnancy femoral-sacral joints begin to relax under the action of the hormone relaxin, a child can easily pass during birth. Secondly, during the growth of the fetus changes the center of gravity of the body of a pregnant woman, curved spine, tense muscles and aching lower back.

Back pain necessarily need to be treated - otherwise there is the threat of an attack during childbirth, and it is dangerous for the mother and for the baby. There are non-drug methods - physiotherapy and chiropractic. Get rid of back pain also help special exercises, strengthens the muscles of the abdomen, back, thighs and buttocks, as well as water aerobics, swimming.

Why bother

To what doctor to go, if the sore lower back? A neurologist. After the inspection you get a pack of destinations on the survey. And go they must be to make the correct diagnosis. Minimum - a general analysis of blood and urine tests, x-rays of the spine.

When osteochondrosis, it is desirable to make a computer or magnetic resonance imaging - not too much to clarify the degree of damage to the intervertebral discs (find out whether hernia) and check the condition of spinal roots.

Consultation will also need a nephrologist, gynecology, urology and other professionals. Causes of pain may be different - the defeat of the great vessels, kidneys, infection, benign and malignant diseases of the pelvic organs: in women - endometriosis, uterine fibroids, inflammatory disease of the ovaries; men - chronic prostatitis, and so on. d.

From the beginning to the final

When attack of lumbago especially important to limit the distribution area of ​​pain. Two or three days (at least!) Will have to stay in bed - flat and rigid. Lying on his back better, raising his bent knees, under which you need to put a couple of high pillows.

Relieves NSAIDs: gels and ointments, and in severe pain and prescribe pills that need to take 5-7 days.

The pain is gone? But this is not the end of treatment. Secure effects help physical therapy (magnetic therapy, electrophoresis, phonophoresis), massage and physiotherapy. If lumbago complicated by the displacement of the intervertebral discs, is a manual therapy.

At the same rake

Usually, the pain receded slightly, we are back to work, tackling the chores. And stepping on the same rake, we doom ourselves to even greater problems: often develop chronic lumbalgia or sciatica. When lumbodynia appear aching pain, which intensified when sitting, leaning, coughing. This complication is often develops in elderly people with osteoarthritis of the facet joints that connect the vertebral arches.

A sciatica will wear not only back pain, but in the course of the sciatic nerve (it runs down the leg being divided into smaller ones, which are in the hip, knee, shin, foot). And have not treated a week or two, and three months, or even longer.

Particularly dangerous "workaholism" for people with spinal osteochondrosis - against the background of the disease often have persistent pain symptom appears in the back and waist.

The defense for the spine

The best defense of the spine - prevention. After 30 take care about how long to maintain a direct and healthy back. Our main enemy today - lack of exercise. Strengthen the spine to help swimming, properly fitted load in the gym, try to walk more.

And, to protect their own spine, it is important to learn how to:

Cidet

the main thing - to create a support for the neck and lower back - do not lean forward or lean back on your chair or stool far back;
if you have a sedentary job, every 15-20 minutes, try to warm up, to change the position of the feet;
adjust chair under her seat in a car, use a massage chair cushion to relieve tension in the muscles.

Lie down and get up

bed should help relax muscles, but do not let the "sagging" of the back to keep the curves of the spine in a physiological position;
even the best mattress - not a 100% solution to the problem, a lot depends on the posture in which you sleep. It is better to lie on your side - it helps relieve the spine. The height of the pillow should fit the width of your shoulder;
waking up in the morning, several times a good stretch in bed, get up, making no sudden movements.

Stay

If you have a standing job, change your posture every 10-15 minutes, moving the weight from one foot to the other;
try at least once in half an hour ago to sag, pulling his arms up, taking a deep breath and exhale, to relieve fatigue from the muscles of the back.

Lift and carry weights

distribute the weight carried by gravity - do not wear a heavy bag in one hand, separate the contents into two, with a different weight. Periodically change bags in hand, to regulate the tension of the muscles of the body;
wear a baby in her arms only with straight backs.

Do homework

when cleaning, use a mop and a vacuum cleaner extension handle;
Use the ironing board and fit it at the height of its growth;
do not wash clothes, leaning over the bath, a basin to stand on a high pedestal;
Do not forget to be careful when working in the garden: the spine should be upright. Try to bend over as little as possible - get up on his knees or on his heels. Digging, do not pick up too much ground to shovel.

  Source

Our "cross" everywhere ripe

As the country to dig to the back will not break

Three exercises of lower back pain

Osteochondrosis

Other news

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The aging spine, or why back pain

One can hardly find a person who never back ached with age, alas, almost commonplace. Approximately 80% of all inhabitants of the planet at least once in his life felt intense pain in his back.

It would seem that nature provided everything spine inherent flexibility to movements and strength, because it is the channel through which the spinal cord passes. But though the body of the vertebrae and are connected to a very stable and mobile intervertebral disc, with age or due to reasons outside its firmness and elasticity decreases - there is so-called aging of the tissues of the disc. Interesting fact: among the surveyed people aged 30 years a third of the cases identified by MRI, it is the deterioration of the disc.

Than it can threaten us, the employee of Hospital №83, Moscow, neurosurgeon of higher category, PhD, a specialist in spine surgery Oleg Durov (www.doctordurov.ru)

How common is this disease? It is equally common across the globe, or have any features?

- Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, which include osteochondrosis, are among the most common diseases around the globe. Osteochondrosis, or figuratively, "the aging spine," manifests the formation of intervertebral hernia, listezov (displacement of the vertebrae), stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal), spondylarthrosis and spondylosis (swelling of the joints and vertebrae, respectively). The most common problem is the formation of hernias of intervertebral lumbar spine, this primarily and will talk below.

The reasons for the emergence of a plurality of disc herniation, the most common name.

- Usually there are 3 of the most common causes of the disease:

First. Physical inactivity, ie lack of adequate motor load.

II. Overvoltage spine: repetitive movements when performing any work, repeated for a long time, such as at the movers or the inadequate single load (for example, the rise of the cabinet).

The third - a genetic predisposition to diseases of the spine associated with the weakness of the connective tissue. In this group of people a spinal disorder is often associated with varicose veins and hemorrhoids.

What are the first symptoms of the disease? What you should pay attention to?

- The very first sign of development of osteochondrosis is the emergence of back pain. However, on their own pain in the spine are not necessarily a sign of illness. Sometimes, for example, after intensive work in the garden or the garden, there are pains in the lower back that may be due to overloading of vertebral joints, deep back muscles and ligaments. But after a day or two the pain completely disappear. In this case, about any disease of the question. However, when the background of overall health, with no load appears aching pain or neck, which holds one or two weeks and passes only after receiving anesthetic drugs, this may be the first sign of disease.

Which doctors treat the disease? And when you need to refer to a neurosurgeon at what stage of the disease?

- Usually, spinal disorders neurologists are engaged and successfully cope with it. However, about 5% of cases, it is necessary to resort to surgery. Surgical treatment is necessary in case of violation of pelvic functions: the delay or frequent urination, constipation, against the backdrop of intense pain in the spine and leg, in the case of weakness in the foot, even in the absence of pain, and finally the ineffectiveness of non-surgical methods of treatment for 2 months.

What is the "muscular corset"? And how realistic exercises to strengthen it?

- Well-developed muscular system, that is, abdominal muscles and back muscles, a person needs to work properly spine. It is best to shape it in the gym under the supervision of an instructor. But you can yourself, using special literary benefit. In addition, it is necessary to correctly perform the motion associated with the load on the spine. Unfortunately this never taught, but such a skill is necessary for the proper use of your spine so that it can last for many years without problems.

It is believed that the most common herniated lumbar spine, and what is the reason?

- In more than 85% of all hernias of intervertebral hernia of the lumbar found. This is due to a greater load on the lumbar region, and in addition, this department is no rib in the thoracic support. Further, the frequency of occurrence are the cervical intervertebral hernia, and in last place, about 1% of cases - the thoracic hernia.

What kind of research would be sufficient for the correct diagnosis?

- The principle of treatment of intervertebral hernia in any region of the spine is the same: first, the patient is treated conservatively, ie without surgery in the clinic under the supervision of a neurologist. If this does not work, then it goes to the hospital just to conservative therapy. If this does not work, then the surgery.

Many patients believe that "more research and analysis, the better" - this is such a case?

- For the correct diagnosis in addition to clinical examination by a doctor, you must perform an MRI of the spine of the patient. It is desirable that the device has characteristic MRI magnetic field strength of at least 1, 5 Tesla. In this case, the MRI pictures are of good quality.

What is being done during the surgery? How the surgeon can help the patient?

- During the operation, the neurosurgeon removes the so-called fallen part of the disc (sequestration) from the spine, eliminating its compression. Furthermore, it degenerated removed (non-functioning) of the cartilage disc. Incomplete removal of the disk is one cause of relapse (re) disc herniation. Deleting a single disk does not affect a person's ability to bend in the postoperative period.

Are there any new treatments and new methods of operation?

- Constantly there are new methods of treatment of intervertebral hernia. This applies mainly to the early stages of the disease, when conservative therapy is not effective, and microsurgical operation carried out prematurely. In such cases, various operations are carried out through a puncture, without a cut, for example, laser vaporization, etc.

There are additional methods of treatment: manual therapy, physiotherapy and so on. D. How effective are they?

- Manual therapy, physiotherapy relate to the conservative methods of treatment and are usually used in the early stages of treatment. I would like to warn perform manual therapy without MRI. With the development of sequestration hernia manipulative therapy may lead to increased herniation, increased pain and the development of adverse effects.

- There are many types of massage, there are exotic, there is a stretching and so on. D. Something you can recommend?

In the early stages are suitable almost all treatments, including massages. On pulling the situation is more complicated: you need to very carefully use this method to prevent damage to the intervertebral disc. The optimal traction is in the water.

It is believed that a person with a bad back, relax only hard bed, right?

- The bed should be neither hard nor soft. For a sample of stiffness for a person weighing about 75 kg, you can take a foam mattress 8 cm height of lying on a hard floor. But this is only the sample, because this bed a couple of weeks promnetsya and sleep will be very tough.

What can you advise as prevention?

- Definitely, walking. The proverb "Movement - Life" is the best suited to the spine, as it occurs when walking the correct operation of the intervertebral discs and vertebral joints, their food and the removal of waste substances. Similar walking outdoors is much more useful prophylactic use of various drugs. Good unloads the spine swim, but running is not recommended because of the large impact load on the wheels.

Treatment and prevention

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Cialis

Description overdue on 12.11.2011

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• Nitroxoline, instructions for use
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It is used to treat Erectile Dysfunction . Active ingredient is tadalafil . The mechanism of action is based on the selective inhibition of the enzyme phosphodiesterase-5, which is contained in the smooth musculature of the corpus cavernosum penis. Cialis leads to relaxation of smooth muscles of arteries, improving blood flow to the penis, which allows for persistent, prolonged erection. The preparation begins its effective action in 15 minutes. after receiving tadalafil in the body, the effect lasts 36h. Cialis no effect on heart rate and blood pressure, visual acuity, pupil diameter, eye pressure, electroretinogram . At a dose of 10 mg did not affect the morphology and sperm motility, number, and concentration of sperm. Cialis starts its action during sexual arousal.

Indications:

Erectile dysfunction.

Contraindications:

Cialis is not applied in paediatrics. Contraindications simultaneous reception   Nitrate , Allergy to the components. With caution is prescribed for diseases of the cardiovascular system, hypotension, uncontrolled hypertension, severe renal insufficiency, adjourned stroke   and heart attack a history of anatomical deformation of the penis (cavernous fibrosis, angulation, Peyronie's disease), susceptibility to priapism .

Side effect:

It is noted in the initial stages of the drug Cialis, independently tested after prolonged use: dyspepsia, headaches, "tides" of blood to the face, myalgia , Back pain, nasal congestion. Very rarely observed sore eyes , Eyelid edema, conjunctival hyperemia , Dizziness. At higher doses of Cialis is noted increased severity of side effects. Apply symptomatic therapy.

Mode of application:

Cialis is taken orally, 20 mg, 15 minutes before intercourse. The drug acts 36 hours. It is not allowed more than one of the drug per day. At insufficiency of liver and kidney systems, the elderly do not need dose adjustment.

Special instructions:

Increased sexual activity in patients with CVD can lead to death, disability. In the event of an erection lasts for more than 4 hours to seek medical help. Cialis reduces the speed of psychomotor reactions.

Drug Interactions:

Cialis enhances the hypotensive effect of nitrates. It is not recommended to combine the drug with other drugs to increase potency. Saquinavir, ritonavir, itraconazole, erythromycin   enhance the effect of tadalafil. Antacids drugs reduce the rate of absorption of Cialis. It does not affect the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of warfarin, theophylline.

Viburkol

Description overdue on 09/12/2014

• Latin name: Viburcol
• ATC code: R05X
• Active substance: Chamomile ordinary, Belladonna, Plantage Major Solyanum Dulcamara, Pulsatilla pratensis, Calcium karbonikum Hahnemann
• Manufacturer: Biologische Heilmittel Heel GmbH (Germany)

Photos of the drug

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• Composition
• Product form
• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
• Indications
• Contraindications
• Side effects
• Candles Viburkol, instructions for use (method and dosage)
• Overdose
• Cooperation
• Terms of sale
• Storage conditions
• Shelf life
• Cautions
• Babies
• During pregnancy (and lactation)
• Analogs
• Reviews
• Price, where to buy

Composition

Active substances in a candle Viburkola contains:

• Chamomilla recutita - 1, 1 milligram;
• Atropa belladonna   - 1, 1 milligram;
• Plantago major - 1, 1 milligram;
• Solanum dulcamara - 1, 1 milligram;
• Pulsatilla pratensis - 2 2 milligrams;
• Calcium carbonicum Hahnemanni - 4 4 milligrams.

As auxiliary substances used solid fat (lat. Adeps solidus ) - 1089 milligrams.

Product form

Homeopathic rectal suppositories with a smooth surface of white or yellowish torpedopodobnoy form a sufficiently weak as a "not rancid" smell. The packaging 12 candles - 2 blisters of PVC film accommodating 6 supp. in a cardboard bundle.

Pharmacological action

Homeopathic. It has sedative . analgesic . anticonvulsant . and detoxification antispasmodic action.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Mode of action and properties anticonvulsant based on the activation of protective forces ( immunity ) Of the body and normalize the disturbed functions by vegetable and mineral components of the drug.

With feverish conditions has pyretic and lytic effect unchanged circulatory as hypotension .

Indications

Apply in the complex therapy as antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agent for the treatment of respiratory diseases   children, as well as candles at Viburkol eruption teeth relieve the clinical manifestations of the effects in the symptomatic treatment dyspepsia syndrome   with children flatulence , at state seizure   and nervous excitement .

Also used in adults - at inflammatory processes of genitals women.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to any of the components of the formulation.

Side effects

Allergic reactions.

Candles Viburkol, instructions for use (method and dosage)

Dosing - rectal. Assign SARS   (acute respiratory viral infection) in disease and the eruption of primary teeth. Instructions on candles Viburkol for children under 6 months suggests 2 suppositories a day, from 6 months (if the body temperature above 37.5 ° C) 4 suppository per day (38 ° C) - 6 suppositories per day. When the body temperature returned to normal, reduce the dose to 1 suppository 1-2 times a day for 3-4 days.

Viburkol like candles pregnant - The best option in inflammatory processes genitourinary system Because they have a vegetable origin. With pregnancy   treatment and the frequency of use is determined by the doctor depending on the nature and course of the disease. Usually one course varies from 3 days to 2 weeks.

Overdose

No case of overdose Viburkolom was not registered.

Cooperation

Treatment with other acceptable drugs.

Terms of sale

Over the counter.

Storage conditions

In the dry dark place, is not accessible to children, at a temperature between 15-25 ° C.

Shelf life

Validity is not limited.

Cautions

Admission homeopathic remedies may temporarily exacerbate existing symptoms, so
In this case, stop using the product and contact your doctor.

Babies

Candles Viburkol children used in the treatment of not only flatulence   and teething, but also as an auxiliary component of comprehensive treatment Mumps . Measles   and chickenpox .

Viburkol during pregnancy and lactation

Q: whether to use candles during pregnancy should be settled privately by the attending physician taking into account the benefits and possible risks.

Analogs

Match code ATC 4th level:

• Travisil
• Broncho Rinikold
• Stodal
• Umckalor
• AnviMaks
• Sinupret
• Aflubin

Currently structural analogs spark Viburkol (same active substance) exists.

Reviews Viburkole

Numerous reviews of candlelight Viburkol most positive: many mothers believe that these candles for the children should be in every home medicine cabinet. Many have made sure that they help not only at elevated temperature, but these candles are essential for teething.

In gynecology, the popularity of candles Viburkol during pregnancy due to lack of safety and adverse effects on the body as a whole, and most importantly - on the liver.

Price Viburkola where to buy

The price of candles Viburkol for children in Ukraine ranges from 88 to 115 UAH. Buy candles in Kiev can be at your local pharmacy, as more than 150 pharmacies in the city of drug availability.

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Memantine

Description overdue on 01/12/2014

• Latin name: Memantin
• ATC code: N06DX01
• Active substance: Memantine (Memantin)
• Manufacturer: Synthon Hispania S.L. (Spain)

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• Composition
• Product form
• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
• Indications
• Contraindications
• Side effects
• Instructions for use of Memantine (method and dosage)
• Overdose
• Cooperation
• Terms of sale
• Storage conditions
• Shelf life
• Analogs
• Reviews
• Price, where to buy

Composition

The medicine contains memantine hydrochloride   as a main component.

Product form

The drug may be sold in the form of a powder substance, and tablets.

Pharmacological action

This tool provides antispasticheskoe . antiparkinsonian   and neuroprotective   action.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

The drug is a blocker NMDA-receptor . It inhibits the action of elevated levels Glutamate   and thereby prevent neuronal dysfunction. It improves mental activity and normalizes motor disorders.

The maximum content in plasma is about 3-8 hours later. Meals do not affect the absorption . Bioavailability   the drug is about 100%.

At doses of 10-40 mg pharmacokinetics is characterized by linearity. About 45% of the active ingredient binds to plasma proteins. Approximately 80% is circulated in the original form.

Write mainly by the kidneys. The half-life is 60-100 hours. The elimination rate may be reduced to 7-9 times in the case of alkalinization of urine. This may be due to drastic changes in diet. For example, if before it was rich in meat dishes, and then there was a sudden transition to a vegetarian menu. Furthermore, such an effect is possible due to the use of antacids .

Indications

The medicine is used in dementia   and Alzheimer's disease   in different forms. Furthermore, when it is used spinal   and cerebral spastic syndrome , Problems with the nervous system, Parkinsonism . Parkinson's disease .

Contraindications

Do not use the tool in case of hypersensitivity to its components, confusion . breastfeeding , Significant impairment of renal function, pregnancy .

Side effects

Generally, the following noticeable adverse effects that may be associated with the drug: confusion, hallucinations . dizziness , A sense of fatigue, headache . anxiety , Vomiting, increased libido, increased muscle tone, cystitis . Also, sometimes it reported on epileptic seizures . This usually happens if you have previously convulsions .

Instructions for use of Memantine (method and dosage)

Instructions on Memantine reports that he intended to oral   use. Treatment is desirable to start with a minimal dosage, which are selected individually. The initial daily dose for adults - 5 mg. If necessary, it can be increased weekly by 5 mg. The recommended maintenance dose - 10-20 mg per day. Raise it can be up to 60 mg. If there are problems with the kidney function, the dosage should be reduced.

Instructions for use of Memantine recommends giving children 0, 5 mg per kg of body weight every day. If you have problems with the kidneys, the drug should be taken under the supervision of their functional state.

It is advisable to give at the time of taking the medicine from driving, maintenance tools and other activities, which need special attention.

Overdose

At the use of the drug in high doses can appear anxiety, visual hallucinations, drowsiness, loss of consciousness, psychosis, convulsive readiness, stupor. Symptomatic therapy.

Cooperation

The drug affects the effect   dopamine receptor agonists . neuroleptics . barbiturates . anticholinergics . Amantadine . Levodopa . Furthermore, it may modify the action of Baclofen   and Dantrolene . So you may need adjustment of their dosages.

Do not take at the same time Phenytoin . And interaction with preparations containing hydrochlorothiazide, can lead to reduction of the latter in the blood plasma.

We must avoid the combination of the drug with N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists . Otherwise, it can cause the appearance of side effects.

Terms of sale

The drug is sold by prescription.

Storage conditions

Storage temperature should be 25 ° C. Keep the tool should be out of the reach of small children.

Shelf life

Keep the drug should be no longer than two years.

Memantine analogs

Match code ATC 4th level:

• Memoplant
• Ginkoum
• Vitrum Memory
• Namenda
• Memantine akatinol

Your doctor may prescribe Memantine following analogues:

• Maruksa ;
• Memorel ;
• Memantine akatinol ;
• Alzeym ;
• Memaneyrin ;
• Memantine hydrochloride ;
• Memantal ;
• Memantinol ;
• Memantine Canon ;
• Memikar ;
• Memantine-TL ;
• Noodzheron .

Not one of them should make their own without consulting with a specialist.

Reviews of memantine

Doctors about memantine suggests that the drug is quite effective if used according to indications. It helps patients in dementia   and other diseases when used strictly in accordance with the appointment of specialists. Reviews of memantine patients rarely left, but the negative is not among them.

Price Memantine, where to buy

Price Memantine tablets 10 mg about 1350 rubles. Such drug cost is considered rather high. Nevertheless, Memantine price lower than the cost of the more common analogs thereof.

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Cortexin

Description overdue on 10/23/2014

• Latin name: Cortexin
• ATC code:   N06BX
• Active substance: The polypeptides of the cerebral cortex of cattle
• Manufacturer: Ltd. "Geropharm", Russia

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• Composition
• Product form
• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
• Babies
• Contraindications
• Side effects
• Injections Cortexin: instructions for use
• Overdose
• Cooperation
• Terms of sale
• Storage conditions
• Shelf life
• Cautions
• Analogs
• Cortexin children
• Reviews
• Price, where to buy

Composition

The composition contained in a single vial of lyophilized powder for injection includes 5 or 10 mg of a water-soluble polypeptide fractions (cortexin) as active ingredient and 6 or 12 mg of glycine as stabilizer.

Product form

The drug is available as a sterile lyophilized powder for solution for intramuscular administration.

Cardboard packaging is equipped with two blisters, each containing 5 vials of freeze-dried products and guidance on the application.

Pharmacies can buy Cortexin №10 10 mg and 5 mg Cortexin №10.

Cortexin 10 mg to 22 mg is released in 5 ml vials. It is for the treatment of adult patients.

Cortexin 5 mg is designed specifically for pediatric use. It is available in 11 g vials of 3 ml.

Pharmacological action

Cortexin belongs to a group nootropic and GABAergic drugs Acting primarily on CNS . Against the background of its application notes:

• nootropic ;
• neuroprotective ;
• Antioxidant ;
• tissue-specific effects.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Cortexin - a bioregulator with polypeptide structure, which is a complex of water-soluble neuropeptides . The molecular weight of the polypeptide fractions not exceeding 10,000 Daltons, which allows them to penetrate the physiological barrier separating central nervous   and circulatory system .

The mechanism of action of the drug is realized through:

• activation of the regulatory peptide neurons   and brain-derived neurotrophic factor ;
• normalization of relations amino acids Performing mediator functions excitatory and inhibitory type of action, as well as important brain neurotransmitters dopamine   and Serotonin ;
• moderately expressed GABA-ergic effects;
• reducing paroxysmal (paroxysmal) seizures brain   and indicators of its ability to normalize bioelectric activity;
• prevent the formation of oxidative degradation lipids (free radicals).

Nootropic action Cortexin accompanied by improvement higher brain functions , Improved memory, increased learning ability and stress.

The neuroprotective effect is manifested in the ability of agents to improve the stability of the fabric of the brain   to the damaging effects of various endogenous neurotoxic factors   and reduce the toxic effects of neurotropic agents.

The antioxidant effect   It manifested in the ability of the drug to influence oxidative stress (cell damage triggered by oxidative stress) and increase the survival of neurons in conditions of oxygen starvation.

The mechanism of action is associated with inhibition of peroxidation and free radical processes lipid cell membranes And correction kislorodozavisimyh pathological conditions.

As a result: it slows down the process of destruction cell membrane Improves microcirculation, decreasing the permeability of the vessel walls , Normal level found in the blood cholesterol   and triglycerides .

Tissue-specific effect of the drug is associated with increased intensity CNS neurons metabolism   and PNS , Stimulation of reparative processes in CNS , Improvement of functional status the cerebral cortex of the brain   and the general tone somatic and autonomic nervous system .

The pharmacokinetic characteristics are given to determine the time since the collapse of a part of the active substance Cortexin amino acids L-series and neuropeptide fractions is not more than 3 minutes.

This makes it impossible to establish the rate and extent of absorption of the peptide residues, their distribution in various organs and tissues, as well as the speed and ways of their excretion from the body.

Indications Cortexin from which the medicine is prescribed for adults and children

The indications for use of the drug are:

• provoked bacteria   or Infectious diseases of the nervous system ;
• state, accompanied by violation blood circulation in the brain ;
• TBI   and its consequences;
• syndrome of diffuse brain damage   different nature of origin;
• cerebral (suprasegmental) autonomic disorders .

In combination with other drugs for the treatment of drug administered epilepsy As well as for the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory disorders of the brain and / or spinal cord   various etiologies.

For children Cortexin indications for use are reduced learning ability, impaired memory and thinking retardation syndrome in a child psychomotor and speech development   (ZPRR), various forms of Cerebral Palsy .

Contraindications

The drug is contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity   to Cortexin and / or glycine.

Clinical studies for the determination in the action of the drug on the body of the pregnant woman and the developing fetus is not carried out. For this reason, the drug is not recommended for designation at any stage of pregnancy.

Since these clinical studies regarding the use of the drug during lactation are not available, if necessary, the appointment Cortexin advised to stop breastfeeding.

Side effects of the drug

Potential side effects are possible allergic reactions Due to individual sensitivity to the part of the drug components.

Injections Cortexin: instructions for use

The preparation is intended for administration into the muscle.

Cortexin divorce?

Before injection contained in a vial to dissolve the powder should be one to two milliliters of 0, 5% solution procaine   ( novocaine ) saline   (isotonic sodium chloride solution (0 9%)) or water for injection.

To prevent the formation of foam needle while trying to send to the wall of the vial.

As a child stabbing Cortexin?

Cortexin allowed to appoint the first days of life. In some situations, parents have to make their own baby shots. This raises the question how to get a shot Cortexin and better plant powder.

Before you make an injection in a syringe collect water for injection, novocaine or saline Then pierce the vial cap and pouring in the liquid typeset.

The syringe should be removed (with the needle still in the cap) and carefully shake the contents of the vial to completely dissolve the powder. Then again, the syringe attached to it and gain the necessary amount of the solution.

To better get a new injection needle, as the needle, which is introduced solvent for the freeze-dried product, it can already be pretty blunt.

The medicine is injected slowly as rapid injection can cause very severe pain.

Infants up to six months by intramuscular injection is the front of the thigh (not to accidentally damage the sciatic nerve).

Babies, especially very small, all the injections were at physiological saline or water for injection. Injections with novocaine   less painful than injections on saline However diluted drug novocaine It is permitted only if there is a strong belief that it will not cause allergic reactions   the child ( novocaine   able to give a strong allergy   and convulsions ).

Like other neyrometabolicheskie drugs , Cortexin recommended to prick up to 12 hours a day because of its activating effect and the ability to provoke psychomotor agitation .

Instructions for use for adults Cortexin

Adult patients do Cortexin injections once a day, every day for ten days in a dose of 10 mg.

With massive ischemic stroke   (MII) in the acute phase and in the early recovery period, said dose is recommended to be administered to a patient twice a day (morning and evening) for ten days. Ten days later, the course should be repeated.

Instructions for use for children Cortexin

In pediatric medicine is used to treat children from the first days of their lives.

Patients weighing less than 20 kg, the drug is administered at a dose of 0, 5 mg / kg body weight. Patients weighing more than 20 kg, is a dose of 10 mg.

The treatment duration is ten days. If necessary, after three to six months, patients can be assigned to a second course.

The drug is rarely causes side effects, almost no contraindications and can be used to treat even newborn babies. Its main drawback is considered a form of release: Cortexin not available in tablets, and it kind of complicates its use in children, if the latter requires several courses.

Overdose

To date, reports of side effects, which developed as a result of an overdose Cortexin not.

Cooperation

The drug is not compatible with a drug having a peptide structure.

Terms of sale

The drug belongs to the category of prescription drugs and should only be dispensed from pharmacies by prescription.

Storage conditions

Cortexin should be stored in a dry place protected from sunlight at temperatures between 2 and 20 ° C.

Shelf life

Pass to the application within 36 months from the date of manufacture.

Cautions

The drug is available only in the form of freeze-dried product, Cortexin tablets is not made.

The drug should not be mixed in the same syringe with any other drugs.

Analogs Cortexin

Match code ATC 4th level:

• Cere
• Noben
• Omaron
• Pantogam
• Pantogam Active
• Tiotsetam
• Noopept
• Kogitum
• Encephabol
• Tserakson
• Pikamilon
• Phenotropil
• Nootropil
• Vinpocetine
• Aminalon
• Fezam
• Pyracetam
• Cavinton
• Semaks

Analogs Cortexin tablets: Armadin   and Lone Armadin g Bolus Huato . Borizol . Glitsised . Mexidol . Meksiprim . Glutamic acid . Rilutek . Citoflavin .

Analogs Cortexin ampoules: Armadin . Meksiprim . Neurotrophins . Nikomeks . Nucleo CMF Forte . Citoflavin .

Cortexin or Tserebroliziin - which is better?

The studies carried out on laboratory rats showed that Cere   and Cortexin by intraperitoneal injection and the introduction of procelia   They have a similar effect.

A comparative analysis of the central effects of drugs led to the conclusion that in spite of their similarity greater activity differs Cortexin.

Thus far it provokes fewer adverse reactions and can be used from birth (whereas Cere   pediatric use if there is reasonable evidence).

According to some patients, injections Cere   less painful compared to injections Cortexin.

Cortexin children

Instructions for use for children Cortexin authorizes the use of the drug in the first days of life.

Reviews Cortexin doctors for children's products support the statement that the drug is virtually no side reactions allergies Without having teratogenic and carcinogenic effects   and well tolerated by patients.

Its use in neurology, neonatology and pediatrics can improve the child's behavior and its overall state at various kinds of tone, normalize the function of memory and speech, relieve headaches.

Reviews Cortexin

Cortexin - a drug widely used in neurological practice. Reviews Cortexin for adults, which can be found on many online forums, testify to the effectiveness of this treatment for patients of all ages (for infants, as well as for elderly people).

The drug speeds up the process of recovery after trauma and stroke And the elderly stimulates brain It increases the ability to memorize and concentrate, as well as prevents the reduction of intellectual abilities.

Reviews Cortexin children allow us to conclude that the drug is often administered to children who have observed certain deviations in neuropsychological development. In particular, indications for use of the drug is Cerebral Palsy   and brain damage That occurred during the prenatal period (close to the date of birth), or directly in the process of childbirth.

Injections of children - and reviews of Cortexin proof of that - can achieve significant improvements: after a course of treatment with the child becomes calmer, he noted improvement in brain activity, increased interest in learning, improve memory and speech.

Use of the drug for infants (particularly for babies who were born prematurely) allows a fairly short period of time to notice obvious improvements that are manifested in a quiet child's behavior or appearance of his new skills (eg, ability to independently turn over from back to stomach and back).

Mothers, children who are appointed Cortexin note that after treatment the child literally "came to life before our eyes." Advantages of the drug, many believe the lack of side effects and low toxicity. As minuses often indicate a fairly high price means and painful injections.

As for the comments about Cortexin doctors, they, despite the rather high assessment of the drug on the forums (on average 4, 1-4, 3 to 5-point scale), quite contradictory: some doctors consider it a panacea, while others - a pacifier with unproven effectiveness .

Price Cortexin

Price Cortexin 10 mg in Ukraine - 598-685 UAH, the price Cortexin jabs for children varies from 440 to 520 UAH. In Dnepropetrovsk, Zaporozhye, Donetsk and other cities to buy the drug can be in a network of retail pharmacies and through an online pharmacy with delivery directly to your home.

Average price Cortexin in 5 ml ampoules in Russia - 2700 rubles, the average value of 5 mg vials - 4150-4200 rubles.

The drug is not available in tablets.

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