Chlamydia

May 3, 2012

Related Articles:

• Cystitis in men
• Reactive arthritis in children
• Instructions for use cream Bepanten
• Fibrous histiocytoma

Tweet

Chlamydia   - A group of diseases that provoke a microorganism Chlamydia trachomatis . These microorganisms, called chlamydia, still very small and are located inside the cell. Independently energy Chlamydia not synthesized, thus microorganisms parasitize the cells of columnar epithelium, which lines the epididymis, prostate gland ducts, vas way, the urethra, the cervix, vagina, anal canal, the oral cavity. There is a process of cell infection by so-called elementary bodies . They get into the cell, where the breed. In the process of reproduction cells form reticular cells . After some time (usually 72 hours) a new elementary bodies emerge from the reticular cells. Over time there is a significant lesion of the genitourinary system and other body systems.

Sometimes, more rarely, as a result of infection with chlamydia joint damage occurs, conjunctiva, and can suffer other organs. In this case, the person holds the so-called Reiter's disease .

The prevalence of chlamydia

Chlamydia   - Very small organism, therefore, in the ordinary microscope can not see it. Thus chlamydia have a number of properties which are inherent in both bacteria and viruses. Today, there are eighteen species of Chlamydia trachomatis. Some of them provoke Trachoma   - A dangerous eye disease, others can become a cause lymphogranuloma venereum , Several types of chlamydia cause diseases of the urogenital system in both men and women.

Today chlamydia is one of the most prevalent diseases in the world. Thus, a year, the microorganism infects about 140 million people worldwide. Most often they become ill people aged fifteen to twenty-four years.

How is chlamydia

Duration incubation period   for chlamydia is usually from seven to twenty-one days .  Sometimes, very often, this period may be reduced to a few days .  This is the time during which the pathogen enters the body, and the first signs of illness appear .  Transmission of chlamydia occurs during sexual intercourse .  Very rarely chlamydia transmission occurs through everyday objects .  As a gateway for infection are sexual organs .  Chlamydia in men manifests itself after being hit by a surface infection of the urethra .  In the female organism Chlamydia fall through the urethra and cervical canal .  In most cases, the disease begins to progress seamlessly to the infected human infection .  Very often significant inflammatory reactions Chlamydia does not cause and can be masked .  Very often it happens like that for chlamydia in women .  And already possible to detect the disease at a time when people have complications of the disease appear, as a result of which the patient and refers to the expert .  Therefore, if the patient complaints of discomfort in the genitourinary system, it is imperative to examine it for the presence of chlamydia .

Symptoms of chlamydia

Very often during the development of this disease chlamydia symptoms in humans are absent. However, quite often chlamydia in men manifests local mucosal inflammation of the urogenital system. At the same time the patient feels discomfort in the urethra, it may appear as pus and mucus. Chlamydia in women often cause urethritis . vaginitis . cervicitis . It chlamydia, symptoms of which are often women deliver tangible discomfort, often causes severe inflammation of the pelvic organs, and eventually may lead to infertility   women. This inflammation is fraught with problems with conception and intra pregnancy . For example, women who were sick or suffer inflammation of the pelvic organs, ectopic pregnancy   fixed at about 7-10 times higher than in healthy women. Furthermore, after myocardial inflammation in women for life may remain ovarian adhesions   and the fallopian tubes That could provoke a fairly intense pain. Another important point for patients chlamydia is the fact that due to the lowering of the resistance to infectious agents, the mucosa of the urogenital system significantly increases the risk of infection HIV infection   in the process of sexual intercourse.

Furthermore, chlamydia pregnancy danger that the disease is transmitted by female infant during birth, which ultimately leads to   Chlamydia pneumonia   or conjunctivitis .

There are several symptoms of chlamydia, typical for the representatives of both sexes. So chlamydia in women can cause severe bleeding of the cervix, vaginal discharge Who have mucopurulent character. In women with chlamydial infection, symptoms can also manifest bleeding between menstrual periods. In addition, you may receive the discharge from the cervix, disorders during urination, pain in the lower abdomen.

Chlamydia in men manifests the appearance of mucosal discharge from the urethra . Sometimes they have an admixture of pus discharge. During urination Chlamydia patient man often feels very uncomfortable need to urinate in his frequent manifest pain in the scrotum, and discomfort in the perineum.

Chlamydia in children manifests itself most often frequent urination, as well as the appearance and the girls and boys genital discharge and itching in their area.

Complications of Chlamydia

Very often, chlamydia in men and women is shown along with other diseases that are transmitted through sexual contact. This can be trichomoniasis . gonorrhea . gardnerellez . ureaplasmosis   and other ailments. As a result, hlimidioz often complicated by different diseases of the urinary tract: cystitis . urethritis . pyelonephritis . prostatitis . orchitis . endometritis   and others. In order to diagnose the complications of chlamydia in men, is often used transrectal ultrasound of the prostate.

However, chlamydia can cause not only the complications that relate to sexual organs, but also the defeat of the other systems and organs. Reiter's disease in a patient developing chlamydial conjunctivitis, in addition, sometimes a defeat of the spine, knee, ankle, hip, growing jet   arthritis .

In women, this infection can provoke endometritis . obstruction of the fallopian tubes . ectopic pregnancy .

Chlamydia infection during pregnancy causes a variety of complications in the process of development of the fetus. Sometimes, as a result of this infection occur miscarriage .

Furthermore, due to chlamydia may be a manifestation of proctitis - inflammation of the rectum , and pyelonephritis . pharyngitis . pneumonia .

Diagnosis of chlamydia

Today the diagnosis of chlamydia is made using different survey methods. However, the most widely used analysis at this time PCR is a technique - a so-called polymerase chain reaction. Using this method, the patient takes the material which contains the DNA of the pathogen. The study used a material polymerase enzyme. This research ensures high accuracy and speed.

Culture is a highly sensitive method for diagnosis of disease. Material patient which comprises chlamydia, placed in a growth medium with the live cells. This diagnostic method is not applicable for widespread use due to its relatively high cost.

In addition, for the diagnosis of chlamydia is used immunofluorescence method in which the material is taken from the patient, treated with a special compound, which has antibodies   to chlamydia. The disadvantage of this method is that it is not very high accuracy - about 80%. When using cytological diagnosis method performed coloring taken from the patient's cells and their subsequent identification by light microscopy.

Serological method is to identify the patient's blood antibodies to chlamydia. However, this method is not informative, since about half of people with chlamydia urogenital system due to the localized nature of the infection do not develop antibodies to chlamydia. Also, the detection of antibodies may be an indication that the person previously suffered from chlamydia.

Treatment for Chlamydia

It is important that the treatment of chlamydia produced in both sexual partners. It is important to use a different approach to the treatment of chronic illness and fresh. So, when it comes to fresh forms of chlamydia, it should produce its treatment based on where localized damage. If there is a chronic form of the disease, the patient is prescribed mandatory immune-boosting drugs. What is important is the individual approach to the treatment of chlamydia: doctor must take into account all the characteristics of each patient.

However, there are general principles and the basic treatment of chlamydia. It is important to bear in mind that chlamydia - is intracellular pathogens, which implies that the impact on them of some antibiotics   It may be ineffective. Therefore, for the treatment of hldamidioza sure to choose those antibiotics that can penetrate into the lesions and inside the cell. For the treatment of chlamydia used three groups of products: macrolides . tetracyclines . fluoroquinolones . Sometimes, during the treatment is also prescribed antifungal drugs to therapy with antibiotics no development of fungal infections .

Quite often, doctors have treated and chronic cases. It is often in the early days of chlamydia symptoms in humans is not observed. If the disease progresses in the body for a long period of time, his focus gradually fenced off by a barrier to healthy tissue. Accordingly, such a barrier makes it difficult to get into the center of antibiotics. Furthermore, during development of the chronic form of the disease in humans is waning immunity . Thus, the main task in the treatment of chlamydia is to provide high antibiotic access and improve the permeability of barriers that shield areas of inflammation. In this case, effective is a method of immunostimulation As well as topical treatment. In addition, concurrently assigned to a course of antibiotics.

After treatment of chlamydia patient must necessarily be subject to a clear control over its condition. Discontinuation of therapy should be completely in the case, if there are negative tests for chlamydia, the patient does not express complaints about their own condition, laboratory tests do not indicate the presence of inflammation in the body. A week after the end of treatment, a control analysis for chlamydia. This analysis is repeated after 14 days.

If such analyzes would not be found chlamydia, the patient is considered healthy. If the treatment is performed to both partners, then the resumption of sexual activity may speak after the last negative analysis of the partners.

Sometimes, after the treatment of chlamydia in women have symptoms of thrush, which is a reaction to the violation of the ecological community in the vagina. To prevent such a phenomenon, often use special drugs to restore the broken biocenose .

There are also certain traditional methods, which are used in the treatment of hlaimidioza. For example, traditional medicine recommends taking a decoction of the stems of parsley, infusion of a mixture of herbs and fruits juniper horsetail. It is also recommended to drink before eating one tablespoon of herbs infusion collection, which includes a list of the watch, root elecampane, cornflower flowers, birch buds, bearberry. There are other herbal teas, which can be used for diseases of chlamydia, however, note that they can not replace traditional treatment of this disease.

Prevention of chlamydia

Basically prevention of chlamydia are similar to the preventive methods used for the prevention of other diseases that are transmitted through sexual contact. However, in this case, to the prevention of illness should be treated very carefully, because the prevalence of Chlamydia infection is very high, while the disease is often asymptomatic. The most effective method of preventing the disease is proper sexual behavior. In this case it is for the avoidance of casual sex and always using a condom. It is impossible to believe that chlamydia can protect against so-called "folk" methods, such as douching, washing genitals. Such methods may impact negatively disturbing microflora   genitals.

It is important to follow the rules of hygiene, to lead a healthy life and to undergo periodic examination by a specialist, and periodically tests. It is particularly important to pay attention to preventive measures to people who are going to become parents.