Sensorineural hearing loss (cochlear neuritis)

February 8, 2012

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Sensorineural hearing loss Also known, how cochlear neuritis , It is one of the most common diseases of the hearing aid. This disease (or deviation) - the defeat of the structures of the inner ear, leading to a partial or total loss of hearing. Hearing loss is caused by disorders of the hair cells in the cochlea, the spiral organ of the inner ear.

The main symptoms of sensorineural hearing loss is hearing loss Can often be heard a constant noise or hum in the ear, the frequency of which can be either low or high.

Causes of sensorineural hearing loss

It can occur for several reasons. The main causes of sensorineural hearing loss are still any deviation in the hearing aid, which may be the damage from harmful external influences, and the unpleasant consequences of disease.

The first reason   - infectious diseases , The manifestation of which may be any complications even after complete cure of the disease. This complication of Mumps . Syphilis And cold-infectious diseases such as sore throat Or flu .

The second reason   - Vascular disorders, hypertension Or any of the other variations that affect the blood circulation in the body as a whole, and the blood flow to specific locations in particular.

The third reason   - Deviations caused by external stimuli. They appear as a result of listening to music at high volume, stress, or acoustic shock. Acoustic shock, in turn, can occur in cases of very loud sound near the ear. A possible reason can serve as a constant vibration in the place where the person. Although the causes of sensorineural hearing loss can be quite different, it is described above are the most common among them.

The fourth reason   - Reaction to the drugs being taken. The fact that some drugs may be contraindicated exactly because of allergy to them, or content of substances forbidden for acceptance. This can be treated with antibiotics, or the number of drugs that are intended for patients with infectious diseases ( malaria . flu . SARS ), Or diuretics.

Forms of sensorineural hearing loss

There are three forms of sensorineural hearing loss. First - easy , If a person hears sounds whose frequency is 50 dB higher than normal (it may happen at a distance of 5 meters).

The second form - moderate severity Frequency exceeds the norm of 60 decibels (one hears it at a distance of 4 meters).

The third form - heavy Frequency audible sounds exceeds the norm by 70 dB (the conversation can take place at a distance not exceeding one meter).

Diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss

Sensorineural hearing loss diagnosis should be carried out directly physician otolaryngologist   (ENT). As a rule, the external symptoms of sensorineural hearing loss can not occur, so the procedure is to carry out the necessary kamertonalnyh trial   ENT doctor.

If you suspect the presence of hearing loss, carried out tone threshold audiometry   (check using the equipment), which will give a more accurate representation than the presence of the disease and its possible development.

Depending on the form of sensorineural hearing loss, carried out the study, and hospitalization. If time does not see a doctor, perhaps further development of the disease up to a total loss of hearing.

Treatment of sensorineural hearing loss

Treatment of sensorineural hearing loss is as follows. If there is the slightest sign of the presence of hearing loss, you should immediately take the patient to the hospital where he was placed in a hospital. In consequence put a dropper, drugs that improve blood circulation, blood flow to the brain, the decline edema ( hormonal preparations nature ), And regulation of metabolism in the neural tissues. The patient must also be taken B vitamins   in large quantities.

After the end of hospital treatment the patient should use such drugs, which have a positive effect on the inner ear as a preventive measure. Treatment and take drugs prescribed depending on what the cause sensorineural hearing loss, and at what stage the disease.

It is possible and holding implantation of electrodes   in the ear to stimulate the nerves of the ear. This will help restore hearing not only from those who have hearing loss has progressed to the initial stage, but also those who suffer from a severe form of the disease. Not ruled out cochlear implants Which helps not only to hear better, but also can restore hearing is almost completely deaf. Despite this, the practice and use Hearing Aid , If the conduct is too early cochlear implantation.

Preventing complications and sensorineural hearing loss

Prevention of sensorineural hearing loss implies a respect for your hearing. That is, avoiding loud sounds, noise, or working in a place where the frequency of noise produced significantly higher than normal. It is not recommended to listen to loud music in headphones, or through the player. There are cases where the cause of hearing loss were Regular trips to nightclubs Where, as is known, the noise level exceeds the permitted limit at several tens of decibels.

An important aspect will, and respect for your hearing. If a person works in a place where loud noise is unavoidable, it is recommended to use special sound-absorbing headphones . It is recommended that those who work in manufacturing plants, construction sites, night clubs, shooting galleries. Otherwise, it is likely not only a hearing impairment, but that manifest complications of sensorineural hearing loss.

As is the case with any other disease, hearing loss may have complications. Since it is not a viral disease that has no secondary complications. However, if you do not attach importance to a partial loss of hearing, and time does not see a doctor, disease progression is inevitable, like deafness. Complications of sensorineural hearing loss are just one character - a permanent hearing impairment.

As one of the options, there is sudden sensorineural hearing loss. This results in partial or complete hearing loss during the day. Sudden hearing loss may occur as a result of allergies or disturbances in blood supply.

It should be noted, however, that the effectiveness of the treatment of hearing loss depends on what the clinical disease, which her term development, and later she could appear. Since the causes of sensorineural hearing loss are quite different, its development may also occur at different rates. If the reason was the disease of the ear, such as otitis , Hearing loss develops in only one ear, after its deterioration passes too quickly. If the hearing loss developed as a result of a permanent location in a place with a great noise, the probability of developing the disease on the left and on the right ear, and if you do not pay attention to it, writing off all the fatigue, the disease will progress at an alarming rate.

If the disease occurs in three to four weeks, the benefits of treatment will be 80-90%. In the case of access to medical care later due date, and the disease was able to evolve from one to three months, the treatment will have a positive effect with a probability of 35 to 60%. If the disease has been launched and developed within a few months, usually treatment does not give virtually no results, so that the only possible solution is to conduct operations implantation of electrodes Or Cochlear Implant   to restore hearing.