Laryngitis

February 29th, 2012

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Laryngitis   - It is inflammation of the larynx. In general, this condition is associated with a disease or catarrhal nature with a number of infectious diseases, which are also manifested in the laryngitis. Symptoms may occur when Measles . whooping cough . scarlet fever . Also, the disease develops as a result of hypothermia, mouth breathing, too dirty air, smoking and alcohol abuse, as well as a consequence of over-voltage larynx. Laryngitis can occur as a short-term acute condition, as well as chronic disease. But in most cases the disease progresses quickly enough and runs for two weeks

Reasons laryngitis

Acute laryngitis   in children and adults usually develops as an independent disease. The main causes of acute laryngitis form hypothermia becomes a local character or too strong overvoltage vote. As a result, the disease is very common in singers, as well as teachers and people of other professions who are constantly using in a loud voice. Also acute laryngitis may occur as a manifestation Flu . Measles   and other Infectious illnesses . This inflammatory process may capture as the mucous membrane of the larynx as a whole, and mucous membranes of the epiglottis, infraglottic wall cavity, the vocal folds.

The chronic form of the disease   It manifested as a consequence of acute laryngitis, regularly repeating the patient. It also occurs against a background of inflammation in the nose and sinuses. The people skills relate to the use of voice, amid the frequent occurrence of acute laryngitis chronic form of the disease manifests itself.

Symptoms of laryngitis

In acute laryngitis ( diffuse form ) In patients with a sharp redness of the mucous membrane, and folds near the vestibule there is a noticeable swelling. In the case of acute laryngitis laryngeal mucosa swollen and hyperemic, thickened vocal cords and are closed completely. Due to the expansion of vessels due to inflammation and blood leaks sometimes forms on the mucosa point a dark red hue. If the patient has a place isolated laryngitis , Symptoms differently. So, redness and infiltration of the mucosa are often observed only in the epiglottis. Another form of the disease - laryngotracheitis   - Is shown, if the inflammation proceeds to the trachea. In this case, the patient often suffers from severe bouts of cough, phlegm is released at the same time, which produces a mucous membrane of the trachea and larynx.

If the patient begins to develop acute laryngitis symptoms, primarily expressed in the general deterioration of the human condition. Increases the body temperature, the study of blood, there are signs of inflammation in the body.

If the inflammation is localized in the epiglottis or in the back of the throat, swallowing the person can feel pain. Changes voice becomes hoarse, and in more severe cases, the voice can do abyss. In view of the glottis constriction can impede breathing. Also, people with acute laryngitis manifested dryness and pronounced sore throat. In the first days of illness overcomes dry cough, but later when coughing sputum departs already. Headache   It may also accompany the disease. If properly approach the process of treatment and follow the advice of the doctor, the symptoms of acute laryngitis disappear in about a week.

Symptoms of chronic laryngitis expressed hoarseness, fatigue voices periodic manifestation sore. As a consequence, the patient coughs constantly. In the case of acute inflammation symptoms become more severe.

Types of laryngitis

With catarrhal laryngitis   the patient is soreness in the throat, hoarseness, cough periodically. However, this form is considered to be the easiest.

With hypertrophic laryngitis   there is a more severe hoarseness of voice, strong and scratchy cough. There are a bunch of growths the size of a pin head. These nodules, giving hoarseness, called "nodules of the singer." Often laryngitis in children also provokes constant hoarseness, but such a state can go through in adolescence due to serious changes in the hormonal balance. In this case, the same treatments as in other types of diseases. It is also possible moxibustion hillocks silver nitrate solution used in particularly severe cases. But if the changes in the ligaments are expressed very strongly, sometimes areas subjected to shock, removed during surgery.

To atrophic laryngitis   characterized by thinning of the mucosa inside the larynx. Patients consistently shown very painful cough, hripnet voice appears dry mouth. If there are coughing, sometimes with crusts depart blood veins. As the cause of this form of laryngitis experts define abuse of spicy food, spice and seasonings. Thus damage occurs not only in the larynx and on the rear wall of the pharynx.

When diphtheria laryngitis   the disease is due to the spread of infection in the throat with tonsils. On the mucous membrane with the observed plaque white membrane, sometimes it separates and seals the airway at the level of the vocal cords.

With tuberculous laryngitis Which is almost always a secondary disease. The disease occurs when tuberculosis   It spreads from the lungs. In this case, in the tissues of the throat occur in the form of a thickening of tubercles, also sometimes the disease progresses to destruction of laryngeal cartilage and epiglottis.

Also laryngitis can be a complication at syphilis . In the second stage of the disease is the formation of plaques sometimes sores, and the third step may be formed scars, deforming the vocal cords and larynx. As a result, hoarseness may be incurable.

Laryngitis in children under the age of eight sometimes goes into a special form of the so-called false croup . It manifests symptoms similar to symptoms of true cereal ( Diphtheria larynx ). In this case, the risk is a sharp narrowing of the larynx due to edema, which can obstruct breathing. Such conditions are sometimes joined by a spasm of the glottis. False croup is most typical for children suffering from exudative diathesis. Such attacks usually occur rapidly, mostly at night. The child may wake up in a sweat, complaining about difficult breathing, he has a "barking" cough, turn blue lips. The attack takes about half an hour and the temperature may increase only slightly. Seizures may occur in the following night. In this case, it is important to immediately call an ambulance. Help your child until the arrival of the doctor, you can use mustard plaster, lying on the area of ​​the larynx. You can also make a hot foot bath (39 °), to give a warm liquid.

Diagnosis laryngitis

In the process of diagnosing physician initially studying history, conducting a physical examination of the patient and queries about the nature of the beginning and development of the disease. A careful study of the sound of voice, and the vocal cords contributes to the selection of the correct approach to the treatment of the disease. Physical examination must include examination of the throat, mouth, nose to detect foci of inflammation. Also, Dr. neck probe for the detection of inflamed lymph nodes. Survey data enable us to determine the type of laryngitis, as well as its relationship to other diseases.

If there are serious problems your doctor may prescribe additional analyzes. Sometimes the patient is a laryngoscopy with flexible endoscope to examine the larynx. In conducting such a survey can fence a tissue sample for subsequent Biopsy . With the help of a biopsy can determine the presence of cancer in a patient processes.

During video laringostroboskopii doctor can examine the vibration of the vocal cords. All other studies are assigned depending on the damage of the larynx.

It is important to bear in mind that a person who suspects the development of laryngitis should always consult a doctor if symptoms do not go away for two weeks, there is pain, extending to the ear, utrudnyaetsya swallowing, blood expectorated.

Treatment of laryngitis

Treatment of acute laryngitis form should primarily be aimed at eliminating the problem that triggered the disease. To ensure complete peace of the larynx, the person is not suitable to talk about a week. If not, you need to speak as quietly as possible and softer. However, it is not recommended to whisper as whispering irritates the vocal cords. It is important not to eat spicy food, spices, irritates mucous membranes. Also, you can not smoke, drink alcohol.

In the treatment of laryngitis should drink warm liquid, inhalations, gargling, and warm neck warm compresses or bandages, soar feet in a warm bath. Sometimes a specialist assigns the reception of drugs. As the medication your doctor may prescribe antitussives, antihistamines, lubrication larynx Lugol solution in glycerol.

It is important that the room where the patient was quite humid and warm. In this case also illustrates steam inhalation That in the early days of the disease can be carried out every few hours. Inhalation should be continued for approximately 15 minutes.

Treatment of laryngitis is also done with the help of herbal decoction gargle. If you have a cold they can rinse and nose. Also the rinsing of the nose in this case suitable saline. To prepare herbal concoctions often use sweet flag grass, mother and stepmother. You can also gargle with potato juice, beet juice, vinegar, broth of onion peel. If laryngitis is useful to drink alkaline mineral water.

People who suffer from chronic laryngitis, should be required to undergo medical examination, after which the doctor will determine how to treat laryngitis in this case. Sometimes the doctor prescribes conduct of alkali and oil inhalation, electrophoresis novocaine   in the area of ​​the larynx, UHF. Guided by the information received, the expert will appoint a complex treatment, which can enter different procedures: lubricate the throat, inhalation, physiotherapy. Also, in some cases, treatment is indicated medical drugs and even surgical methods. To prevent symptoms of chronic laryngitis, important time to cure acute laryngitis and other diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Important and the correct voice mode.

In acute laryngitis experts usually suggest a favorable prognosis. Sometimes, however, the disease can become chronic. It is therefore very important time to turn to a specialist, and to consult with them on how to treat laryngitis.

Prevention laryngitis

Prevention involves the prevention of laryngitis factors leading to the development of the disease. Consequently, a healthy lifestyle is important, the right approach to hardening. So, to wrap up warm scarves constantly is not recommended, however, fall into the other extreme is also not desirable. No less important is proper nutrition: in particular, should not regularly drink too much spicy food and seasoning them consistently spices. People with a predisposition to laryngitis, can not drink cold drinks and food in the cold. You should also take care of his voice not to cry out loud. If the profession is connected with the voice, something about the gentle handling it should be remembered regularly.

It is equally important to avoid exposure to highly polluted, dusty environments. If such unpleasant moments work related, you need to constantly ventilate the room. Remove dust particles from the mucosa will inhalation.