Description overdue on 07/18/2014
- Latin name: Tobradex
- ATC code: S01CA01
- Active substance: Dexamethasone (Dexamethasone) and Tobramycin (Tobramycin)
- Manufacturer: Alcon-Couvreur N.V. S.A. (Belgium)
- Composition
- Product form
- Pharmacological action
- Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
- Indications
- Contraindications
- Side effects
- Tobradeks, instructions for use (method and dosage)
- Overdose
- Cooperation
- Terms of sale
- Storage conditions
- Shelf life
- Cautions
- Analogs
- Synonyms
- Babies
- During pregnancy (and lactation)
- Reviews
- Price, where to buy
Composition
Active ingredients eyedrops are (dosage per 1 ml of the drug):
- tobramycin - 3 mg;
- dexamethasone - 1 mg.
As an aid to help the active ingredients to exert its pharmaceutical effect fully used:
- benzalkonium chloride;
- edetate disodium;
- sodium chloride;
- anhydrous sodium sulfate;
- tyloxapol ;
- hydroxyethyl cellulose;
- sulfuric acid and / or sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH;
- Purified water to 5 mL.
In its turn eye ointment Tobradeks It consists of (the number of active components is based on 1 g of the preparation):
- Tobramycin - 3 mg;
- dexamethasone - 1 mg;
- Anhydrous chlorobutanol ;
- mineral oil;
- white petrolatum.
Product form
The pharmaceutical preparation in the pharmacy kiosks comes in two main forms:
- Drops for eyes Tobradex in flakonah- calculated on 5 ml of the drug with a special dispenser " Drop Tainer "(" Drop container "). Liquid suspension look like white or nearly white. In cardboard box placed one bottle.
- Homogeneous eye ointment Tobradeks white or nearly white in aluminum tubes, 3 and 5 g each. The cardboard box is embedded 1 tube.
Pharmacological action
Eye drops Tobradeks - A combined pharmaceutical preparation having antibacterial and anti-inflammatory actions Which are provided through the basic ingredients of the drug. Such a complex of active substances can significantly reduce the risk of infection and eliminate the main etiological factor pathologies of the visual apparatus - Harmful microbes in the surface of the eye.
Tobramycin - A substance with the properties antibiotic Which belongs to the group aminoglycosides and produced a colony streptococci ( Streptococcus tenebrarius ). A wide spectrum of bactericidal action covers harmful microorganisms, such as:
- Staphylococci , Particularly Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus ( Staphylococcus aures and Staphylococcus epidermidis ), Including strains that have developed resistance to penicillin ( Beta-lactamase Generated such microflora not affect the strength of the therapeutic effects of the antibiotic);
- Hemolytic types Streptococcus type A and microorganisms of the family, which have no aggression antigens to blood cells, e.g., typical pathogen lobar pneumonia ( Streptococcus pneumonia );
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa );
- Escherichia coli ( Escherichia coli );
- Klebsiella pneumoniae (Klebsiella pneumonia);
- Enterobacter aerogenes (enterobacteria anaerobic);
- Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris ( Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris );
- Morganella morganii (Morganella blinking);
- Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus aegypticus ( Haemophilus influenzae bacteria and Koch-Weeks);
- Moraxella lacunata (stick-Moraksa Aksenfeld);
- Acinetobacter calcoaceticus;
- Neisseria pneumonia ( Neisser pneumonia ).
Dexamethasone , The other main component of ointments Tobradeks - glucocorticoid steroid origin, which has antiallergic . anti-inflammatory and desensitizing effect . Due to its chemical structure it has also antiexudativ effect by inhibiting inflammation in pathological content generation phase.
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
Systemic absorption is low in the local application of the drug.
Indications
- prevention of infections in the postoperative care (for example, after removal Cataract or foreign body);
- bacterial infection ophthalmic apparatus;
- blepharitis - Inflammation of the upper or lower eyelid;
- conjunctivitis - Inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye;
- keratitis without damage to the epithelium - the pathology of the cornea of the eyeball;
- Viral keratitis, caused by the pathogen such as Herpes zoster ;
- treatment and preventive therapy when ocular trauma.
Contraindications
- Individual genetic or acquired intolerance . hypersensitivity or idiosyncrasy to the constituent components of the pharmaceutical formulation;
- viral diseases of the visual apparatus (in particular keratitis Caused by herpes virus ( Herpes simplex ) Varicella or smallpox );
- mycobacterial infection of the eye (the causative agent of the disease is known to all tubercle bacillus or Micobacterium tuberculosa );
- Conservative treatment after surgical removal of a foreign body of the cornea;
- fungal infections membranes of the eyeball;
- purulent pathology of the eye ;
- age category of patients up to 1 year.
Also, there are a number of pathological conditions, when to use the pharmaceutical care should be taken only under the supervision of qualified medical personnel, such as hospital treatment in the ophthalmology department. For this disease include:
- glaucoma ;
- inherited or acquired corneal thinning .
Side effects
Usually therapy drug passes without apparent complications, as the main active ingredients are well tolerated by the body, but in some cases, conservative treatment with Tobradex may experience the following side effects:
- allergic reactions - itch . hyperemia or swelling of the eyelids and conjunctiva, facial swelling, rash, erythema ;
- increase Intraocular pressure ;
- foreign body sensation in the eye;
- decreased visual acuity;
- photophobia ;
- long mydriasis (prolonged mydriasis);
- subcapsular cataracts localized in the rear portion;
- slowing of reparative and regenerative mechanisms in open wounds;
- dizziness and headache ;
- bitter taste in the mouth;
- abundant rhinorrhea ;
- laryngism ;
- in patients with inherited or acquired scleral thinning may develop it perforation (risk increases significantly with prolonged course of treatment);
- consecutive infection (the content of the medicament glucocorticosteroid dexamethasone in combination with an antibiotic component tobramycin It leads to a weakened immunity towards fungal microflora That is, the invasion may develop from this type of microorganisms - a typical symptom is the appearance of the cornea nonhealing ulcers).
Tobradeks, instructions for use (method and dosage)
Instructions on eyedrops Tobradeks It indicates that the pharmaceutical preparation used for the conservative therapy of diseases of the visual apparatus is extremely easy. Should be applied 1-2 drops every 4-6 hours by placing the drug directly in conjunctival sac . In the first 24-48 hours of the dosage may be increased up to 1-2 drops to only a time interval of 2 hours when indicated.
A preparation in the form of an ointment apply a little more complicated. First of all, because of the discomfort of a foreign object on the eyeball a pharmaceutical form is not so convenient to use. Like drops, ophthalmic ointment entered into conjunctival sac . Before using, wash your hands, so that the antibiotic is simply not spent on their purification from harmful microorganisms.
The head leans back, and then pulled the lower eyelid and contribute about 1, 5 cm of ointment. Next, you need some time to open and close your eyes, so the pharmaceutical uniformly distributed in the conjunctival sac. Be sure that the tip of the tube does not touch the skin, eyelashes or mucous membrane of the eye, as in the case of the arms, drugs will decrease the ability of the active ingredients, if you do not comply with this rule. After using the ointment tube tightly closed.
Duration conservative therapy determined by the attending physician, usually applied coating scheme 3-4 per day. Between application of the ointment should be observed time period of not less than 6 hours. When you miss a dose of her make up as soon as possible, but not less than 1 hour to the next. Do not increase the number of self-employed Tobradeks ointment, as this may cause an overdose or occurrence of other adverse effects of treatment.
Overdose
In overdose Tobradeksom may experience the following symptoms:
- increased side effects;
- irritation and hyperemia mucous membrane of the eye;
- intense itching;
- profuse lacrimation and rhinorrhea ;
- swelling of the eyelids;
- increase in arterial inflow conjunctiva.
Specific antagonist for the preparation of pharmaceutical Tobradeks currently does not exist, because an overdose of a drug used symptomatic treatment . So the purpose of this condition of eye relief washed copiously with warm water and prescribe medication manifested undesirable consequences conservative rehabilitation.
Cooperation
In the case of combination therapy in conjunction with other topical ophthalmic medicaments, the gap should be made between the use of drugs is not less than 5-15 minutes, depending on the individual physician appointments.
Before applying Tobradeksa, should be removed contact lenses So that they do not act as an additional barrier to the penetration of the active principles. Again wear lenses can not earlier than 15 minutes after application of the pharmaceutical formulation in the conjunctival sac (data period should be observed regardless of the form of the drug).
Drops Tobradex can be assigned to the background systemic treatment with aminoglycosides But in this case it is strongly recommended to continuously monitor the overall picture of the blood, as a component of a pharmaceutical formulation is Tobramycin, which by its nature belongs to the group of aminoglycoside antibiotics.
During conservative therapy Tobradeksom avoid use of drugs that have side effects such as Valium . nephrotoxic and neurotoxic As possible potentiation, there has been increasing as a result of adverse effects of treatment.
Terms of sale
The drug is not released in the pharmacy is free, you can buy it only on presentation of the appropriate form of the receptor, a certified physician.
Storage conditions
The drug should be stored out of reach of young children a place necessarily in an upright position, and at temperature from 8 to 27 degrees Celsius.
Shelf life
2 years for sealed cardboard packaging. After opening the bottle or tube - 4 weeks.
Cautions
Before each use, medicament container with a suspension should be shaken so that the constituent components is not stagnated at the bottom by gravity. After - should be tightly closed bottle to Tobradeks not erode.
Do not touch the tip of the dispenser to the eye, first of all, because it can cause discomfort. Also, this is not recommended because of the reflex closing of eyelids, it reduces the effectiveness of the active ingredients of the drug, creating further barriers for the passage and increasing the duration of the therapeutic manipulation.
After the use of the drug may Tobradeks temporary blurred vision Because it should not drive or other potentially hazardous machinery until able to see fully recover. The exact period of renewal of visual abilities should check with your doctor or a qualified pharmacist.
Analogs
Tobradeks - combined preparation Which it is to some extent unique, since in the structure simultaneously accommodates components such as a strong antibiotic and aminoglycoside steroid glucocorticoid origin, which is not found in each drug. Ancillary components constituent Tobradeks allow use with a minimum of side effects from treatment of diseases of the visual apparatus and even in pediatric patients after one year. Because so few drops counterparts. In a similar pharmacological effect has the following series of products: Tobreks . DeksaTobropt . Betagenot . Garazon . Dexon .
Among these drugs should be highlighted Tobreks . It is most often used as a competing drug treatment in the conservative course of ophthalmologic problems because their structure has the same aminoglycoside antibiotic ( tobramycin ) And comes in pharmacy booths in the form of eye drops. So what better to use Tobreks or Tobradeks and whether you can replace them with their own therapeutic effects to each other?
The answer to this question lies in the constituent components of pharmaceuticals. Tobradeks besides Tobramycin It comprises a biologically active substance, such as dexamethasone - A glucocorticoid steroid having the broadest range of therapeutic effects. With this twist, Tobramycin acts as an antiallergic, desensitizing and anti-inflammatory agent. These properties allow to be guided safely in the treatment of eye diseases infectious etiology Tobradeksu.
Synonyms
Tobramycin + Dexamethasone.
Babies
The drug is used in pediatric hospitals to achieve a child of 1 year.
During pregnancy and lactation
The drug is not recommended for use during pregnancy and between breast-feeding . In the treatment of women of childbearing age before the conservative treatment should initially exclude pregnancy.
Reviews drops Tobradeks
Tobradeks enjoys a positive reputation in the Pharmaceutical Forum. Its therapeutic action by a majority of the people who applied, is described as favorable. The drug allows you to recover the full amount of, get rid of delivering discomfort and restricting disabled disease in a relatively short period of drug therapy, which, undoubtedly, can not serve with a point in favor of the drug.
Also reviews Tobradeks note that the manifestations of conservative treatment of undesirable effects observed very rarely, as constituent components of the drug specifically chosen after lengthy clinical trials, so that even when exposed to such a sensitive area as the surface of the eye to cause the least side effects.
Separately should be said about Tobradekse for children, because in this age group are often found diseases of the visual apparatus infectious etiology . Children do not hesitate to wipe his eyes, in conditions which are teeming with harmful microorganisms and Tobradeks acts as a kind of magic elixir for moms. Even still not enough young body got stronger drug virtually no side effects, based on the Pharmaceutical Forum. This contributes to an anti-allergy effect of dexamethasone, which is one of the main active ingredients of the pharmaceutical preparation.
Price Tobradeksa where to buy
Cost drops Tobradeks the pharmaceutical market of the Russian Federation is 140-150 rubles, ointment It can be purchased for 250-260 rubles.
Cost eye drops Tobradeks Ukraine is somewhat lower in the pharmacy, it varies from 40 to 70 hryvnia, the cost of ointment is about 50 hryvnia.
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Loperamide 
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