Thursday, March 1, 2018

Makmiror

Description overdue on 05/14/2014

  • Latin name: Macmiror
  • ATC code: G01AX05
  • Active substance: Nifuratel (Nifuratel)
  • Manufacturer: Poli Industria Chimica (Italy)
Photos of the drug
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  • Composition
  • Product form
  • Pharmacological action
  • Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
  • Indications
  • Contraindications
  • Side effects
  • Instructions on the Makmiror (Method and dosage)
  • Overdose
  • Cooperation
  • Terms of sale
  • Storage conditions
  • Shelf life
  • Analogs
  • With alcohol
  • During pregnancy (and lactation)
  • Reviews
  • Price, where to buy

 Makmiror

Composition

The tablet of the drug contains the active substance ( nifuratel ) - 0, 2 + grams adjuvants ( talc, starch, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol, gelatin, magnesium carbonate, gum, wax, titanium dioxide, sucrose ).

Product form

Convex white tablets in a coating of sugar. Package of 20 pieces.

Pharmacological action

Antibacterial .

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Makmiror an antibiotic or not?

The active substance from the group nitrofurans . Exhibits antibacterial activity   in relation Gram-positive and -negative   bacteria. It is also good antifungal   and antiprotozoan   agent.

It inhibits the processes of division and multiplication amoebas, lamblia   and other protozoa . Aerobic   and anaerobic .

Sensitive to the preparation: Papiliobacter . Enterococcus faecalis, Helicobacter pylori, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli, Trichomonas vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Bacillus subtilis, Shigella flexneri , Various strains Salmonella, Enterobacter sph., Citrobacter spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Rettgerella spp., Budvicia aquatic, Poliindustria chimica.

The drug has the ability to metabolizirovatsya muscle and liver tissues, highlight the milk during breastfeeding, held gemoplatsentarny   barrier. About half nitrofuratela   It passes through the excretory system (mainly - the kidney).

Indications

  • disease gastrointestinal tract Caused by bacteria Helicobacter pylori ;
  • Giardia   and Amoeba   in the gut;
  • pyelonephritis, cystitis   and t. d., if the disease is caused by microorganisms sensitive to nitrofurans ;
  • vaginitis, vulvovaginitis .

Contraindications

Drug allergies .

Side effects

Nausea, vomiting, allergic rashes   on the skin.

Instructions on Makmiror (method and dosage)

Duration of treatment and the desired the dosage of should appoint the doctor.


According to the instructions for use Makmiror:

Diseases of the digestive tract : Adults prescribed 2-3 tablets 2-3 times daily, a course of treatment is from 7 to 10 days, depending on the disease.

For young daily dose - 15 mg per kg weight. Its chop up to 2-3 hours. The course - 7-10 days.

Urinary tract infections : Daily dosage for an adult - 0 3-0 4g a day, after meals. The course the treatment of from 7 to 14 days. Children older than 6 years - 15 mg per kg body weight.

When vulvovaginitah STI   Adults appoint 3 tablets a day, divided into 3 admission. For complex treatment additionally appoint a special cream for men and women.

For children older than 10 years, the daily dose is calculated from the principle of 0, 01 grams per kg body weight and divided into 2 doses per day.

Overdose

Currently no cases have been reported.

Cooperation

Virtually no interaction.

At simultaneous reception and Makmiror Nystatin It increases the effectiveness of the latter.

Terms of sale

It requires a prescription.

Storage conditions

A dark, dry place, the temperature - no more than 25 degrees.

Shelf life

5 years.

Analogs Makmiror

Match code ATC 4th level:
  •  Makmiror  Laktozhinal
  •  Makmiror  Dafnedzhin
  •  Makmiror  Furazolidone
  •  Makmiror  Atsilakt

The analogue in tablets : furazolidon .

Analogs ointments and candles : Makmiror complex, vokadin, Hexicon, osarbon, chlorhexidine, betadine, ekovag, yodoksid .

Often, price analogues strongly differs from the original.

With alcohol

Alcohol and drug intake is better not to combine, may increase adverse reactions.

Makmiror during pregnancy and lactation

Assign medicine can only be a doctor, because the active ingredient is easily overcome blood-placenta barrier . However appoint Makmiror Complex   during pregnancy frequently.

At reception Nifuratel , The drug passes into breast milk. Feeding would have to stop.

Reviews Makmiror

Reviews on the forums are basically good. Good help from IPP Does not provide the liver complications, side effects are rare. Many write that miraculous medicine, it helps if the liver disease, there are other means and reception is difficult.

Reviews tablets at giardiasis   It is also positive, although there are complaints of headache and nausea. Doctors often prescribe medication to children from Giardia. Parents celebrate its effectiveness.

Price Makmiror (Where to buy)

The average price of tablets Makmiror in Russia - 539 rubles for 10 tablets of 400 mg. The cost of drugs in Novosibirsk - 520 rubles per 20 pieces. Buy pills in Moscow can be for 600 rubles.

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Allokin Alpha

Description overdue on 07/08/2014

  • Latin name: Allokin-Alfa
  • ATC code: J05AX
  • Active substance: Alloferon (Alloferonum)
  • Manufacturer: Research Institute of Pure Biochemicals FMBA Federal State Unitary Enterprise (Russia)
Photos of the drug
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  • Composition
  • Product form
  • Pharmacological action
  • Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
  • Indications
  • Contraindications
  • Side effects
  • Instructions on Allokin-Alpha (method and dosage)
  • Overdose
  • Cooperation
  • Terms of sale
  • Storage conditions
  • Shelf life
  • Cautions
  • Analogs
  • Babies
  • With alcohol
  • During pregnancy (and lactation)
  • Reviews
  • Price, where to buy

 Allokin Alpha

Composition

1 vial of the drug contains 1 mg alloferon .

Product form

The pharmaceutical preparation is supplied to pharmacies as a lyophilized powder for solution for subcutaneous injection, placed in ampoules of 1 mg each. The vials were fixed in the tape contour cell package of polymeric materials for 5 or 10 pieces. The set also features ampoule knife in one piece. The carton generally comprises 2 to 5 blister ampoules or 1 10.

Pharmacological action

Allokin Alpha - a pharmaceutical preparation, which belongs to a group of antiviral agents. The drug active against viruses Flu . Hepatitis C   and AT A first and a second type of virus Herpes . Human Papillomavirus   (a drug also suppresses oncogenic strains   This kind of microorganisms).

Biologically active substances, acting as an effective component is alloferon - Oligopeptide that stimulates the production of endogenous interferon and activating fractions a system of natural killer   (natural killers). Also component contributes to the identification and destruction of damaged and not functioning cells by cytotoxic species lymphocytes .

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Allokin-alfa is used for subcutaneous injection, after which it quickly penetrates into the systemic circulation and interacts with immunocompetent cells . During clinical studies it was found that metabolites of the active component of the pharmaceutical preparation are similar in structure to the structural protein of blood plasma because the time to reach maximum concentration, it is difficult to set the level.


Within two hours after use of the drug is observed increase in endogenous Interferon   compared to the normal background in 2-2, 5 times. Such an amount of a protein having immune properties stored for the next 6-8 hours. The increased number of natural killer   It observed for 7 days after a single application of the pharmaceutical preparation.

Indications

  • chronic papilloma viral infection   (may be associated with oncogenic types of human papilloma virus);
  • warts Flat and plantar Warts ;
  • influenza, acute respiratory viral diseases ;
  • chronic recurrent herpes first and second types;
  • prevention of the development of dysplasia and cervical cancer ;
  • urogenital diseases That are infectious nature (including those of mixed character);
  • sharp hepatitis B   and FROM   moderate (in the complex therapy of this disease).

Contraindications

  • individual sensitivity, inherited or acquired intolerance integral components of a pharmaceutical preparation;
  • expressed autoimmune diseases ;
  • period pregnancy   or breast-feeding ;
  • pediatric medicament are used.

Side effects

Side effects of the treatment according to the pharmaceutical drug is relatively rare, since the composition of the drug is fully described active substances. In rare cases may occur:

  • weakness;
  • dizziness ;
  • allergic reactions ;
  • headache ;
  • the emergence of new elements rash during therapy herpes infection .

Instructions on Allokin-Alpha (method and dosage)

How to breed injection?

The contents of the ampoule (lyophilized powder) should be dissolved in 1 ml isotonic sodium chloride solution . It not recommended to use any other solvent, even from the group of crystalloid. If conservative therapy consists of several pharmaceutical drugs to be administered subcutaneously, in syringe to mix the drug solution is strictly prohibited. Use ready-to-Alpha injection Allokin immediately, because over time lost the therapeutic effect of the drug and its administration is inappropriate.

Injections Allokin Alpha, instructions for use

A drug solution is introduced in the form of subcutaneous injection . As stabbing subcutaneously should learn from qualified medical personnel. Below is the general workflow:

  • Treat your hands to the level of hygiene.
  • Help the patient to take the correct position (depending on the injection site).
  • Put on sterile gloves and treat hands with a cotton ball with 70 per cent alcohol.
  • Centrifugal or from top to bottom to process the first cotton ball skin on a wide radius, the second ball to pass directly over the puncture site.
  • The skin at the injection site to take a crease.
  • To conduct injection angle of 45 degrees to the surface of the skin, the needle entering shallow - about 15 mm (2/3 of the entire length).
  • Forefinger to fix the needle cannula.
  • Slowly introduce the drug.
  • Remove the needle, holding her by the cannula and cover the injection site with a cotton ball soaked with alcohol.

Where stabbing defines members of the medical personnel who manipulate. Generally, hypodermic injections are given in the upper third of the outer surface of the shoulder, the back chuck, the anterolateral thigh or the lateral surface of the abdomen.

Driving and dosage

Conservative treatment drug Allokin Alpha determines the physician as it is individual and depends on the severity of the disease and the patient's condition:

  • pathologies caused by oncogenic types of human papillomavirus   - 1 ml of drug every 48 hours through 6 injections;
  • recurrent herpes infection   - Shows the introduction of 1 mg alloferon every 48 hours over 3 injection;
  • acute hepatitis B   or FROM   - 1 vial of the drug three times a week after a significant confirmation of the diagnosis by laboratory tests (total rate increased to 9 shots).

Overdose

Clinically confirmed cases of overdose described.

Cooperation

Care should be taken to a combination Allokin Alpha and preparations Group immunomodulators   in the complex therapy. Recommended holding Regular diagnostic blood tests   when the inevitability of the simultaneous application of these drugs.

Combination with Alpha-Allokin Acyclovir   in the treatment of chronic recurrent forms Genital herpes   It is permitted, as a result of a different mechanism of action of the active components of pharmaceuticals, their antiviral effects potentiate each other (general therapeutic efficiency is greatly improved).

Terms of sale

Released only on presentation of the receptor form, signed and stamped by the attending physician.

Storage conditions

Keep the vials with a solution for injection in a dry, dark place, away from children at the recommended temperature range of 2 to 8 degrees Celsius.

Shelf life

2 years (ready solution to store prohibited).

Cautions

At hepatitis B   and FROM   comprehensive treatment should be carried out no later than the seventh day from the start of the active symptoms   jaundice :

  • ikterichnost sclera   and skin   (characteristic staining);
  • dark brown urine   (described in medical references such as " strong tea "Or" dark beer ");
  • stearrhea - Pale or unpainted chair with drops of fat;
  • fever . chills ;
  • pain in the right upper quadrant (upper abdomen).

During the course of conservative treatment should abandon self-driving or other potentially life-threatening mechanisms, as noted isolated cases of dizziness during the application of the pharmaceutical preparation.

Analogs Allokin Alpha

Match code ATC 4th level:
  •  Allokin Alpha  Kagocel
  •  Allokin Alpha  Izoprinozin
  •  Allokin Alpha  Panavir
  •  Allokin Alpha  Ingavirin
  •  Allokin Alpha  Groprinosin
  •  Allokin Alpha  Amizon
  •  Allokin Alpha  Anaferon
  •  Allokin Alpha  Arbidol

The pharmaceutical preparation is virtually unique in its kind, as the indications for its use cover a wide range of viruses, and the side effects or adverse effects are observed only in isolated cases. Because analogues Allokin Alpha represented only alloferon .

Babies

Use of the drug strictly contraindicated in pediatric patients (can be used in the treatment only after 18 years).

Allokin Alpha and alcohol

Formally, spirits do not interact with the integral components of a pharmaceutical preparation, but it is recommended to completely eliminate alcohol from your diet during the course of medical treatment. This precaution is due to influences which Allokin Alpha has on the human body.

Under the action of the active substance increases the concentration of circulating Interferon And this plasma fraction quite sensitive to changes in blood chemistry. Because alcohol-containing beverages may cause unpredictable side effects.

During pregnancy and lactation

The pharmaceutical preparation should not be used during pregnancy and breast-feeding as the active component can have adverse effects on the developing child's body, however, mutagenic . teratogenic or foetotoxic effects   medications in clinical trials was found.

If during lactation replace the therapeutic effect of antiviral agents is not possible, it is recommended to discuss the termination of breastfeeds from a qualified specialist.

Reviews Allokin Alpha

In the pharmaceutical preparation is a good reputation, based on the various forums or other Internet resources. People are treated according to the drug, the overwhelming majority are satisfied. Allokin-alpha exerts its therapeutic effect for a short time period and shows really good results, as the effective component is extremely active.

Reviews at Herpes   once again confirmed the view of patients, especially if you use a complex therapy with alpha and Allokin Acyclovir Because their effects potentiate each other, which greatly increases the efficiency of conservative treatment. Unpleasant rashes tested on the second or third day after the start of the active drug rehabilitation, as opposed to mono therapy by any means (significant therapeutic result can sometimes wait up to two weeks).

Reviews of doctors Allokin Alpha also favorable. Of course, the medical staff of public institutions complains about the price of the drug, but in terms of the Pharmacy - Allokin Alpha really is unique in its kind. Performance indicators affect even people far from medicine: prevention of dysplasia and cervical cancer is successful in 98 percent of cases, and treatment of human papillomavirus - 96 percent.

Price Allokin Alpha where to buy

Price Allokin Alpha 6 vials in the Russian Federation significantly depending on where you purchased the pharmaceutical preparation. So Ekaterinburg offers cost 3200 rubles to buy Allokin Alpha in Moscow can be over 3,400 rubles, and in Krasnoyarsk the price of the drug varies from 3,500 rubles.

Price Allokin Alpha in Ukraine is more stable. In all regions of the country the average price of the drug is at the limit of 1000 hryvnia.

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Protargol

Description overdue on 18.02.2012

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 Protargol  Anti-inflammatory drug . The active substance acts proteinate silver . Protargol has expressed antiseptic, astringent and anti-inflammatory effects. The mechanism of action is based on the dissociation, resulting in the formation of silver ions. Due to precipitation of proteins silver-drug forms a protective film on the mucosal surfaces. Silver ions bound to DNA of microbial cells, which hinders the growth of bacteria. Under the action of the drug decreases the sensitivity of the skin and mucous membranes, narrowed vessels, which leads to suppression inflammation . The drug is available in the form of an aqueous solution is applied only locally.

Indications and contraindications:

Protargol nose drops used to treat the common cold, rhinitis , Adenoids. The drug is prescribed for pharyngitis . conjunctivitis . otitis . cystitis . urethritis . Protargol prescribed for children for prevention blepharitis . The drug is not prescribed for intolerance proteinate silver, pregnancy. Protargol breastfeeding appoint subject weaning the child for a period of application of the drug.


Side effect:

Most often celebrated itching , Irritation, redness of the eyes, dry mouth, burning sensation, increased drowsiness, dizziness, headache, numbness. Occasionally when using the drug Protargol notes atopic dermatitis . angioedema . hives , Anaphylaxis. When these symptoms should seek qualified help your doctor to decide on the change of the drug or change the dosage.

Mode of application:

Treatment of inflammatory diseases of the eye:   2-3 drops 1-2% aqueous Protargolum, 2-4 times per day. Urological diseases:   the urethra, the bladder was washed with a 2% solution. ENT diseases (otitis, rhinitis, rhinitis, pharyngitis) : Protargol nose drops instilled twice a day for 3-5 drops. Protargol prescribed for children in the same dosage as adults. Before dropping into the nose is recommended that thorough washing of the nasal passages. After washing, the child should be put on the back, and then drip drug. Protargol used morning and evening. The effective action of the drug is celebrated on the second day of use. Duration of treatment - 2 weeks.

Special instructions:

It may only use freshly prepared solutions of the drug. Protargol no significant effect on the performance of complex, technical operations, the management of complex machinery, driving a vehicle. Cases of overdose proteinate silver are not registered. Reliable information on significant drug interactions are not present. The drug should be stored in containers made of dark glass.

Zovirax

Description overdue on 04.11.2011

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 Zovirax  The preparation Zovirax   It contains active synthetic substance acyclovir . The structure is close to the guanine . During the interaction with specific enzymes of acyclovir is converted into the active substance. Cells which have been infected with a virus, infected with viruses produce the enzyme thymidine kinase Which converts acyclovir into acyclovir triphosphate . Cytoplasmic   infected cell is saturated with acyclovir triphosphate, and as a result violated the replication of DNA viruses. As a result, their reproduction is stopped and the body appears unviable viruses. In healthy cells the drug has no effect because of the absence of the enzyme thymidine kinase in them. Therefore acyclovir in them are in an inactive form. Also observed in the infected cells is much greater concentration of material than in healthy subjects. The drug is active against the viruses simple Herpes   I and II, to a virus which causes varicella . Moderate activity with respect to the drug exhibits cytomegalovirus .

If you apply this drug for a long time, the patients, especially those who suffer immunocompromised , Developing viral resistance to acyclovir. Zovirax If used as an eye ointment, the acyclovir absorbed through the cornea. In the intraocular fluid is observed its high concentration. In the blood plasma   substance almost misses, and only a minor amount of it can be observed in the urine. If the drug is taken in an ointment, the observed negligible systemic absorption material.


When administered intravenously by infusion of the drug after one hour there was the highest concentration of acyclovir in plasma. For oral use Zovirax part of the active substance is absorbed into the bloodstream. High drug concentration is observed in the liquid spinal cord . Part of acyclovir is metabolized in the liver. The substance is derived mainly through kidneys .

Indications and methods of use of the drug:

Zovirax is prescribed for a number of diseases for systemic and local applications. Thus, its use in infectious diseases of skin and mucous membranes, which provoked the herpes virus type I and II, for the treatment of primary Genital herpes . Zovirax is prescribed for infectious diseases, which cause zoster virus . varicella At herpes infection   in neonates. Using the drug for prevention of infections provoked by a herpes virus, in humans who suffer immune deficiency, and for the prevention of cytomegalovirus infection   during the conduct of operations on bone marrow transplantation.

Eye ointment is indicated for the treatment of viral keratitis . Zovirax tablets may be taken without regard to food, it should be washed down with plenty of water. When infection caused by the herpes simplex virus, you should take 200 mg 5 times a day after four hours. The treatment lasts for five days. If the patient has impaired intestinal absorption or there is immune deficiency, then he needs to assign a double dose of Zovirax. To prevent recurrence of infection, which triggers the herpes simplex virus, you need to take 200 mg every 6 hours funds. Another possible scheme of the drug - 400 mg every twelve hours. Acceptance of the need to interrupt the drug for 6-12 months.

As the prevention of infectious diseases that provokes the herpes simplex virus, people with immunodeficiency drug prescribed at 200 mg every six hours. If the patient is broken intestinal absorption   or there is immune deficiency, then he needs to appoint 400 mg five times a day. Take the drug should be as long as there is a chance of infection.

Patients with shingles or chickenpox gently take 800 mg Zovirax five times a day. The course of treatment lasts one week. After bone marrow transplantation as a prevention of infections the drug administered intravenously as an infusion. You can then continue treatment Zovirax in pill form. Dose and duration of treatment prescribed by a doctor. For the treatment and prevention of said infections in children over two years old, suffering from immunodeficiency, using doses similar to adults. Children under two years of taking half doses. In the course of treatment of herpes zoster and varicella in children from six years of drug administered in a single dose of 800 mg. Children 2 to 6 years of age should take 400 mg for children up to 2 years - 200 mg. These doses of Zovirax should be taken four times a day for five days.

When intravenous infusion should last at least one hour. The dose of the drug in the treatment of patients with infectious diseases, provoked by the herpes simplex virus, you need to calculate the dose means of the formula 5 mg / kg of patient weight. This dose should be administered every eight hours. In the treatment of herpes zoster varicella, herpes Encephalitis   immunocompromised patients the dose is calculated from the 10 mg / kg body weight. This dose should be administered every eight hours. As a prevention of cytomegalovirus infection after a bone marrow transplantation dose is 500 mg / m2 every eight hours.

The drug solution of n atrium chloride 0, 9 . Also acyclovir may be diluted solution Hartman , Sodium Glucose 5% . Solution should be administered immediately after preparation. Zovirax cream can be applied to the lesion up to five times each day. Eye ointment Zovirax should be placed in the conjunctival sac five times a day. A strip of ointment should be 10 mm.

Contraindications and possible side effects:

You can not use the drug in the presence of hypersensitivity to its components. Also, its use is relatively contraindicated in patients with dehydration   and violation of kidney function . Carefully Zovirax prescribe to patients with neurological disorders. As a manifestation of the possible side effects nausea . vomiting . elevated liver enzymes , Appearance pain in the epigastric region . Also, the following violations in the work of the central nervous system: dizziness, headache, confusion, problems with orientation and sleep, hallucinations , High fatigue. In overdose possible convulsions and coma.

In the hematopoietic system are possible anemia . leukopenia . thrombocytopenia . In the kidney may be a manifestation: acute renal failure, and an increase in the amount of urea creatinine   in the blood. Also available are a variety of displays allergic reactions And the solution in contact with the skin can develop inflammatory responses, and in some cases - necrosis . During the application of eye ointment may appear angioedema . burning . conjunctivitis . blepharitis . During application of the cream may occur local reactions - itching, skin irritation, dryness and contact dermatitis .

During pregnancy   about the appropriateness of the solution takes Zovirax specialist. Breastfeeding while taking this drug should be stopped. An overdose of the drug can cause elevated levels urea   and creatinine   in the blood, the development of renal failure. Also, there may be a number of neurological disorders. Very high doses can cause coma. If overdose is carried out hemodialysis .

Specific recommendations:

The drug should be stored in a dry place, the temperature should not exceed 25 degrees Celsius. Shelf life of five years from the date of issue.

Tinidazole

Description overdue on 03.01.2012

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 Tinidazole  The antimicrobial, antiprotozoal agent. Is a high proliferative drug can penetrate into the anaerobic microorganisms, Trichomonas . The mechanism of action is based on the recovery using nitroreductase followed by inhibition of synthesis, disruption of the structure of DNA. Tinidazole is active against   clostridia , Fuzobakterii, peptostreptokokki. Available in tablet form.

Indications and contraindications:

Tinidazole is prescribed for amebiasis . amoebic dysentery , Giardiasis, trichomoniasis . juccuya , Nonspecific vaginitis, ulocace   acute form. The drug is effective against anaerobic infections: abscesses, sepsis, peritonitis, piosalpinks, endometritis , Empyema, pneumonia. The combination therapy is used for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. The drug is not prescribed for diseases of the nervous system of an organic nature, tinidazole intolerance, pregnancy, suppression of bone marrow hematopoiesis, breastfeeding. Not available in pediatrics before reaching 12 years of age.

Side effects and overdose:

Nervous system : Locomotor ataxia, fatigue, dizziness, headache, incoordination, peripheral neuropathy . ataxophemia Rarely observed seizures, weakness in the whole body. Digestive system : Diarrhea, dry mucous membranes of the mouth, dyspepsia, "metallic" taste in the mouth, loss of appetite. The drug Tinidazole may be accompanied by an allergic reaction: angioedema . itching . Rarely observed transient leukopenia . In overdose recorded increased severity of the above side effects. Tinidozola specific antidote is not recommended to perform the dialysis.


Mode of application:

Tinidazole taken after a meal inside. Giardiasis : Single 2 gram dose for children calculate individual 50 mg / kg. In case of failure of the therapy course is repeated in the same dosage. Antilyamblioznaya therapy involves the simultaneous treatment of all family members, the contact persons. Urogenital trichomoniasis : 2 grams once or three times per day with 150 mg over 5 days, or twice daily at 150 mg for one week. Treatment of vaginal trichomoniasis include additional local treatment. Intestinal amebiasis : Twice a day, 600 mg for 5 days or 2 grams per day for 3 days. In the absence of effect on the 5th day of treatment is extended up to 10 days. Hepatic amoebiasis For three days to 1, 5-2 milligrams per day or 5-10 days at 600 mg twice a day. Non-specific vaginitis, ulcerative gingivitis : 2 grams once. Anaerobic infection   (clostridia, fuzobakterii, etc.): the first day of 2 grams, the next few days to 1 gram per day, 5-6 days of treatment. Prevention of postoperative infectious complications : 12 hours before the surgery take 2 grams of the drug Tinidazole.

Special instructions:

During treatment of genital trichomoniasis   necessary to carry out the treatment of the sexual partner. Tinidazole contributes to staining of urine a dark color. The interaction of the drug with ethanol disulfiramopodobnye develop reactions, it is recommended total abstinence from alcohol during the treatment period. While taking the drug for more than 6 days, requires a control analysis of peripheral blood. Data on the safety of the drug in the treatment of Tinidazole anaerobic infections in children under 12 years there. The drug affects the management of complex machinery, driving a vehicle, perform complex work.

Drug Interactions:

Tinidazole not compatible with antibacterial Drug Facility (cephalosporins, rifampicin, erythromycin . aminoglycosides ) sulfonamides . Phenobarbital   to accelerate the process of metabolism. Tinidazole is not appointed to the Ethionamide . Enhances the effect of tinidazole anticoagulants , Reducing the dosage of the drug can reduce by half the risk of bleeding.

Kaptopres

Description overdue on 11-11-2011

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 Kaptopres  Combined preparation. In its composition contains an ACE inhibitor and a diuretic. It has hypotensive (captopril), and diuretic (hydrochlorothiazide). Captopril   reduces the production angiotensin   II, which prevents its vasoconstrictor effect and reduces the secretion of aldosterone in the adrenal glands. Reduced preload on the myocardium, the total vascular peripheral resistance, the pressure in the pulmonary circulation, right atrial pressure, blood pressure. Increased exercise tolerance, cardiac volume . Long-term use of the drug captopril reduces the severity of left ventricular hypertrophy (left ventricle), reduced the rate of LV dilatation, preventing the progression of heart failure.

Hydrochlorothiazide   removes from the body potassium . chlorine , Water and sodium   in moderation. Reduction of the sodium ions in the vascular wall reduces sensitivity to vasoconstrictive action, enhanced hypotensive effect of captopril. The maximum level of captopril in the body is noted after 30 minutes. after receiving the pills. Food intake reduces the absorption process components PM. Captopril is available in tablet form.

Indications:

Hypertension.

Contraindications:


Kaptopres not prescribed for pathologists renal and hepatic systems, renal artery stenosis, mitral stenosis, aortic valve, collagen, while pregnancy . gout . hyponatremia . hypovolemia , Primary hyperaldosteronism . hypercalcemia .

Side effect:

Cardiovascular system Excessive decrease in blood pressure, angina . arrhythmia , Palpitations, stroke ischemic type. Respiratory system : bronchospasm , dry cough, laryngitis . sinusitis . bronchitis . rhinitis . The urinary system : Rarely observed renal failure, proteinuria . Metabolism Hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, hypercalcemia, hypercholesterolemia, hypomagnesemia. Gastrointestinal tract : Diarrheal disorders, taste perception, increased liver enzymes, dry mouth, diarrhea, cholestatic jaundice , Ileus, pancreatitis, hepatitis . Central nervous system Depression, convulsions , Drowsiness, dizziness, blurred vision. Bodies of hematopoiesis: pancytopenia, eosinophilia, leukopenia , Agranulocytosis. Allergies oniholizis , Alopecia.

Mode of application:

The initial dose of the drug is 25 mg Kaptopres that is ½ tablet. Take 1 time a day. The dosage and period of treatment set individually.

Overdose:

It noted a sharp drop in blood pressure, neutropenia , headache, tachycardia , Breach of taste perception, allergies. Severe consequences of an overdose of hydrochlorothiazide due to the action on the nervous system: coma, disruption of water and electrolyte balance (VEB). Requires detoxification therapy ( hemodialysis ), The restoration of VEB, normalization of the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, renal and respiratory systems.

Special instructions:

Kaptopres administered with caution to patients with scleroderma . systemic lupus erythematosus   and other connective tissue diseases. Before applying are encouraged to carry out the correction of water and electrolyte balance. Not allowed concomitant use of potassium supplements, potassium-sparing diuretics in severe lesions of renal system. During treatment, it is recommended a diet low in Na. It is important to remember that Kapropresom therapy can cause false positive reactions in the study urine acetone. When expressed renal lesions of hydrochlorothiazide can lead to azotemia May accumulate components of the drug in the body. In case of violation of water-electrolyte balance, zabolevnaiyah liver diuretics leads to the development hepatic coma . Hydrochlorothiazide increases urea   in the blood that can provoke an aggravation of gout. Kaptopres may cause exacerbation of SLE, reduce the level of thyroglobulin excretion Ca. Requires complete rejection of alcoholic drinks. Kaptopres contraindicated in pregnancy, is not applied in paediatrics. It reduces the speed of psychomotor reactions.

Drug Interactions:

Effect of the drug Kaptopres increase diuretics, antihypertensive drugs, apressin, prazosin,   verapamil , Beta-blockers, methyldopa, clonidine, drugs reserpine, oktadin, calcium channel blockers, nitrates, tranquilizers , Hypnotic drugs, tricyclic antidepressants, alcohol. Preparations of NSAIDs reduce the antihypertensive effect of the drug. Admission amiloride, spironolactone, triamterene, Heparin   It leads to hyperkalemia. Formulations lithium linger in the body, increasing its toxicity. Cytotoxic agents, immunodepressenty, GCS, allopurinol   increase the risk of bone marrow suppression. The drug enhances the effect of biguanide antidiabetic drugs, sulfonylurea derivatives (Manin, glibenclamide , Glipizide, Amarah, glimepiride).

Chondroitin sulfate

Description overdue on 22.10.2012

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 Chondroitin sulfate  Stimulator of regeneration . The active ingredient is high molecular weight polysaccharide Under whose action is decelerating bone resorption Reduced loss of calcium ions. Chondroitin sulfate inhibits the drug during the degenerative processes in the connective tissue and cartilage, helps to speed up recovery processes in cartilage, improves calcium-phosphorus metabolism   in the cartilaginous structures. Under the influence of the drug inhibits the activity of enzymes that have a striking effect on the cartilage tissue. The drug increases the production of fluid within the joint, helps to regenerate cartilage surfaces of the joints, the joint capsule structures, stimulates the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans . Thanks hondrointin sulfate increased mobility and range of motion in the affected joints, reduced pain on motion and at rest. The structure is similar to chondroitin sulfate in heparin, which allows prevent the formation of fibrin clots   in the microvasculature (subchondral and synovial). The drug is available in the form of a lyophilizate, capsule, solution, in tablet dosage form.

Indications, contraindications:

Chondroitin sulfate is prescribed for intervertebral osteochondrosis , With the defeat of osteoarthritis of large joints and other degenerative processes in the spine and joints. The drug is not applicable in case of intolerance of the active ingredient. During pregnancy, the propensity to bleeding, breastfeeding, bleeding, children prescribed with caution.


Side effect:

Chondroitin sulfate can cause allergic responses. The injection site may hemorrhage .

Mode of application:

Chondroitin sulfate is used intramuscularly, orally . When injecting a drug is administered every other day 0, 1 gram. In the case of good tolerability of the drug dosage is increased after his 4 Introduction to 0, 2 grams. The duration of therapy is designed for 25-35 injection. The treatment can be repeated after 6 months. Inside Chondroitin sulfate administered twice daily at 0, 75 grams for 3 weeks, then transferred to receiving 0, 5 grams twice a day. The capsules should be taken as a whole, drink enough water.

Drug Interactions:

Chondroitin sulfate can stimulate the action of fibrinolytic, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants . It is recommended that regular monitoring of coagulation parameters during the entire course of treatment.