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Sarcoma - A group of malignant tumors of the type which consist of immature connective tissue. A characteristic feature of these tumors is pinkish-white color on the cut. A number of characteristics related to cancer, and sarcoma is inherent. This infiltrative growth, in which the destroyed tissue adjacent; manifestation of recurrence after tumor removal, the rapid emergence of metastases Which are distributed in light (if there is a sarcoma limbs, neck, head, torso) or liver (if there is a sarcoma of the abdominal cavity).
Most malignant tumors, which occur at the soft tissue sarcomas are referred to. For such entities is characterized oligosymptomatic over, where the total clinical picture is very similar to benign tumors and non-neoplastic nature of the disease.
Soft tissue tumors malignancy are relatively rare disease. In men, the disease manifests itself more often than women. The majority of cases occur in people between the ages of thirty to sixty years.
Features sarcoma
Soft tissue sarcoma It can occur anywhere. Most often this type of sarcoma affects thigh. Less sarcoma occurs on the head.
The swelling of this type appears as a white rounded node or a node yellow-gray color. It can be both smooth and undulating terrain. Depending on how tumor histology is determined by its texture. For example, the tumor can be a soft type ( liposarcoma and angiosarcoma ), Dense type ( fibrosarcoma ), Gelatinous type ( myxoma ).
Typically, the malignant tumor occurs in the deeper layers of muscle. During the growth of the tumor on the surface of the moving body. Education can grow faster under the influence of physiotherapy, injury.
Basically sarcoma - a single tumor, but for certain types of disease may occur, and multiple lesions. Thus, they can even be at a sufficiently large distance from each other.
Metastases in Kaposi spread blood vessels . Very often metastases occur in the lungs of the patient, rarely happens liver, bone, lymph nodes.
Symptoms of Sarcoma
The first sign of the emergence of sarcoma is the emergence of a node or swelling in a certain part of the body. Education has a round or oval shape, pain a person feels. The size of the unit may be small (2 cm) and sufficiently extensive (up to 30 cm).
Depending on what type of sarcoma, defined nature of the surface of the tumor. Typically, there is no change on the skin, however it has a local increase in temperature. If the tumor is growing very fast, then its surface may appear a network of saphenous veins, education becomes cyanotic color, appear on the skin ulceration. When probing the tumor is limited her mobility.
Sometimes, rarely, due to soft tissue sarcomas deformed limbs, but wherein their function is practically not disturbed.
Man should alert certain symptoms, for which there is a suspicion of soft tissue sarcoma. This appearance of the tumor, which eventually increases the restriction of the mobility of a tumor, tumor formation, which comes from the deep layers of the soft tissue, the appearance of swelling after a long time (from a few weeks to a few years) after injury.
Sarcoma Treatment
When soft tissue sarcomas used complex treatment. This approach is carried out wide excision of the tumor, after which the patient is prescribed a course radiation therapy and Chemotherapy . This surgery is a major element in the radical treatment of sarcoma. Depending on how the sarcoma has spread, and where it is localized education is determined by the volume of transactions.
The standard surgery is performed to remove the tumor within the anatomic zones. The intermuscular spaces are removed along with the tumor areas adjacent muscles. If the tumor grows into the bone, nerve trunks or in the great vessels, the patients underwent a amputation limbs.
An additional method of treatment, which is practiced after surgery is radiotherapy. If the tumor is small, the surgery is performed after the irradiation. This method significantly reduces the possibility of recurrence.
In recent years, patients with malignancies often prescribe chemotherapy. When using adjuvant chemotherapy, the risk of recurrence or metastasis symptoms after surgery significantly reduced.
As a result, under the condition of an integrated approach (the use of radiation therapy, adjuvant chemotherapy) significantly increased the effectiveness of treatment.
Kaposi's sarcoma
Kaposi's sarcoma - A tumor of malignant nature, having a lot of foci and affects the entire human body. Neoplasm occurs from the vascular endothelium and its clinical course may be different. Typically, Kaposi's sarcoma, tumors of the skin is shown, but in many cases it affects lymphatic system, mucous membranes and internal organs. In this disease primarily affects the lungs and digestive organs.
Accepted provide four forms of Kaposi's sarcoma. It Classic Kaposi . immunosuppressive sarcoma . endemic ( African ) sarcoma and epidemic sarcomas a. The latter form of the disease is associated with AIDS .
Typically, the tumor arose from the color purple, but sometimes color can be red, brown or purple. Neoplasm sometimes slightly rises above the skin, but in other cases it may be completely flat. The tumor appears as spots or nodules without pain. Sometimes the disease is combined with damage to the lymph nodes, mucous sky. Illness occurs slowly. If Kaposi's sarcoma in a patient diagnosed with having HIV infection Then the diagnosis result makes it possible to extend the definition of AIDS in a patient. When soft tissue sarcomas over oligosymptomatic. Thus the time of diagnosis need special care, because the clinical picture of the disease is very similar to benign tumors, as well as some non-neoplastic nature of the disease.
Kaposi's sarcoma - a rare disease. It is often diagnosed in males.
Kaposi's sarcoma causes infection that causes the virus Herpes Human eighth type. The virus can be transmitted through sexual contact - with saliva or blood. When infected person in his blood there specific antibodies even a few months before the patient will manifest visible foci of Kaposi's sarcoma. However, only the presence of the virus development of Kaposi's sarcoma has not provoked. This disease manifests itself only in the case of serious irregularities in the functioning of the immune system. As a result, the virus multiplies rapidly, provokes oncological diseases.
The symptoms of Kaposi's sarcoma
Soft tissue sarcoma may occur in virtually every part of the body . If there is a classical form of Kaposi's sarcoma, the foci primarily occur on the limbs, namely, feet and legs . As the defining features of this disease can be noted symmetrical and multifocal lesions . Sarcoma looks like a rounded unit whose color - white or grayish-yellow . The surface may be smooth, with knobs . Appear on the skin spots, plaque-like nodules . Lesions may vary in color - from bluish to reddish-brown . Are different, and the outlines of defeats . As a rule, they have clear boundaries, dense and elastic consistency, tenderness on palpation there is no . Sometimes there is ulceration of the tumors appear swelling limbs affected by the disease . In some rare cases there is a defeat only the genitals, eyes, ears, mucous membranes and other organs . Among other subjective symptoms should be noted aches, pain, burning, limited joint mobility . Given that Kaposi's sarcoma is a systemic disease, the disease process may involve the lymph nodes, bones and other organs .
If the classical form of Kaposi's sarcoma is mainly manifested in older men, and in the development of the disease affects the foot, lower leg, then the epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma of the particular place of localization of the disease are not talking at all . So, the first centers of the disease appear anywhere on the skin . Initially, the code can be seen a single node or a spot of crimson or purple . Tenderness not occur . Often there is more than one foci of disease . At later stages of the disease can develop in different ways . Thus, in some cases, the shape and color of nodes does not change for several years, but it happens that variation occurs even after a few weeks . If education is growing too quickly, the person often feels the pain, and the skin around the tumor due to constant bleeding is painted in yellow-green color . Often at the center of education appears ulcerated and hearth Necrosis . Also, the tumor may bleed slightly. Arisen nodes and plaques can merge, resulting in a very strong manifests edema . If Kaposi's sarcoma occurs in the mouth, the foci appear on the hard palate. First, there is erythema purple, later appear on the site erythema or plaque components. In addition, pockets of Kaposi's sarcoma sometimes occur on the genitals.
In the process of diagnosing the disease specialists are guided by the presence of a number of features described above.
For the treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma are used as systemic and local methods. In local therapy using radiation, cryotherapy, injection of chemotherapeutic agents directly into the tumor and al. The irradiation is carried out in the presence of substantially large and painful lesions.
Uterine Sarcoma
Uterine Sarcoma - Is the formation of malignancy that arises in the uterus. Today, the disease is relatively rare. Uterine sarcoma most often occurs in women 43-53 years old. When uterine sarcoma characteristic features of the disease is rapid increase in uterine expression violations in the monthly cycle, the presence of pain in the pelvis, watery discharge, sometimes with a foul odor. If uterine sarcoma arises myoma nodes, the clinical picture of the disease can be similar
In the process of developing the disease may appear large areas of necrosis, infection of the tumor, resulting in becoming anemia . fever , Followed by a cachexia . Generally, patients go to a specialist a few months after the onset of symptoms of the disease.
Accepted identify several stages of uterine sarcoma, which differentiate according to the degree of tumor spread.
Diagnosis is made, guided by case history, the results of ultrasound, as well as application of hysteroscopy and separate diagnostic curettage.
The main treatment for uterine sarcoma is surgery. To do this, it performs an extended hysterectomy with appendages. Following surgery, patients are usually assigned a certain amount of radiation therapy sessions, which are irradiated during the pelvic organs.
When uterine sarcoma often relapse of the disease, and even at the first stage of the disease the survival rate is very low due to the rapid onset of metastasis.
If the sarcoma develops in the myoma node, the prognosis is more favorable.
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