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Abscess - A purulent inflammation of the tissue to form a cavity, which is surrounded by pyogenic membrane. Designated possible occurrence: bones . muscle . subcutaneous tissue As well as other organs.
The cause of the abscess may be a variety of diseases ( retropharyngeal abscess with angina, inflammation of pneumonia, trauma etc.), are also known cases of independent origin.
The cause of the abscess are germs, infections occur more often through the damaged mucous membranes, skin, and with the introduction of the agent from the other chamber through the lymph and blood vessels. Thus, abscess formation using capsules exhibit protective functions, limiting uninfected tissue from infected areas.
Mixed flora with a predominance of staphylococci and streptococci is the causative agent, and abscesses phlegmons . Also, a significant role in their development play clostridia, Bacteroides and anaerobic. There may be a nonspecific abscess and current disease pathogens, such data were obtained by dissection of some inflammation. This explains the large number of atypical treatment.
Number of pus in the cavity depends on the pathogen, the type of tissue, as well as the overall clinical picture of inflammation, in some cases it can be up to a liter, while the most frequent abscesses with a few milliliters of pus.
Symptoms depend on the type of abscess, but basically it fever (up to 41 degrees) general malaise . dizziness and loss of appetite . leukocytosis . The outcome of the abscess can be varied: the spontaneous breaking through the outside ( abscess, mastitis, an abscess subcutaneous tissue ), A breakthrough in the lumen of which are in communication with the external environment (bronchi, intestine), and a breakthrough in the closed system (the joint cavity, the abdominal cavity), this breakthrough is the most dangerous. Under favorable conditions, empty the cavity is reduced in size and undergoes scarring. Incomplete emptying can lead to chronic, resulting in the possible formation fistula .
There are several types of abscesses :
Scrofulous abscess frequently observed in certain phases of currents actinomycosis or osteoarticular tuberculosis . It is characterized by accumulation of pus without general and local manifestations of inflammatory reactions that are characteristic of conventional abscess (fever, redness, pain).
Natёchny abscess - It is an abscess, which is not accompanied by an acute inflammatory reaction usually occurs in bone and joint tuberculosis.
Subdiaphragmatic abscess - A collection of pus, usually with a gas below the diaphragm (abdominal wall); is a complication of acute inflammatory diseases ( perforated ulcer of the stomach or duodenum, cholecystitis, appendicitis ).
Abscess care
Early diagnosis followed by treatment is a prerequisite for the successful disposal of purulent inflammation. The diagnosis of an abscess is the reason for the surgery, so in most cases for their treatment using surgical methods. First purulent cavity is opened, then emptied and drained. Getting rid of small abscesses subcutaneous fat is carried out ambulatnyh conditions and a simple operation under local anesthesia.
In case of suspicion of an abscess of an internal organ of the patient is usually admitted to the operating room. When abscesses produced some of puncture and aspiration of pus and antibiotics.
After opening of abscesses are treated in the same manner as sores. When antibiotics are taken into account sensitivity to them microflora. In the case where the suppurative inflammation occurs on a background Diabetes Necessary normalization of metabolism. Treatment of abscesses in most cases occurs successfully, without need for further surgery.
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