August 19, 2011
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Restoration of tooth - Quite a popular procedure, which is aimed at the restoration of the damaged tooth. The need to restore the appearance and function of teeth arises in the case of partial or complete failure. Also, the restoration may be subject to uneven or worn teeth.
If you have a fully or partially decayed tooth In which the deleted nerves And do not want to get rid of it and paste implant , The dentists can offer you recover it. Despite the fact that the tooth with a lead-sealed channels considered to be lifeless, so that its fabrics are not fed and gradually weakened, modern dentistry offers several ways to restore these teeth. An important function of the tooth restoration is reliable closing entrances to the channels of the tooth, and in addition, the restoration is to restore the tooth with no discomfort and complications, such as granuloma and cyst tooth . Even if you were alone on the tooth roots, it can be restored, it is much better than an implant or a bridge.
Causes of tooth decay
Causes of tooth decay there in large numbers. The main ones are not cured caries That fell seal , Trauma of the tooth, chipped tooth wall, as well as increased abrasion of the teeth. All the factors contributing to damage to the tooth, can be divided into internal and external .
The external factors contributing to the development caries and subsequent destruction of the teeth include mechanical, chemical and temperature effects on the teeth, and the failure of personal dental hygiene.
Internal factors are metabolic disorders And unbalanced, inadequate nutrition. Dentists are advised to restore the tooth, even if chipping away far below the gum. Operation offer to do only in case of fracture of the tooth root, when it is already impossible to restore.
If you have damaged or lost part of a tooth, do not delay the campaign to the dentist because it can be a source of infection in the body, it may be periodontitis . Besides, the neighbors will not be damaged tooth support, which may lead to the fact that they will bend toward the empty space. This defect will be very difficult to correct.
How to restore teeth
There are 3 ways to restore damaged tooth:
- seal on a pin
- the pin tooth (tab)
- crown
At the reception, the dentist will evaluate the degree of destruction of your tooth and the quality of obturation - the presence and density of voids. In the case of gaps, can also hold and pereplombirovyvanie channels .
The choice of method of tooth restoration depulpirovannogo choose your doctor, based on the degree of destruction in the state periodontal , Oral health in general, your age and lifestyle. It is believed that high-quality tooth restoration on the pin seal, the defect should not exceed a third of the crown of the tooth. Restoration by means of the pin tooth-tab optimally carry out the destruction of the tooth to about half its volume, and the destruction of the tooth for more than half, the best option would be to restore it via the crown.
Restoration of tooth seal on pins
Lost tooth seal on pins can be, if the nerve of your tooth has been removed, but the wall and the tooth remained fairly strong. It is very important that the state of the tooth root, it should be durable, and high quality root canal is sealed. In this case the doctor will advise you recover tooth this simple method in which pin serves as the support, setting the inside of the channel that supports the seal.
Distinguish anchor . fiberglass . parapulparnye and uglerodovoloknistye pins. Anchor pins are made of brass, titanium, platinum-gold-palladium alloy, and are active and passive . Active pins are threaded, thereby screwed into the cement during the installation, the passive kept only by means of cement.
Dental pins made of glass, transparent, so that they can be installed on the front teeth. Uglerodovoloknistye pins are very durable and are used primarily for prevention root fractures . The pins are screw, cylindrical, conical, or a combination.
Technology restore tooth seal on pins is quite simple, and anesthesia in dentistry makes it even and painless. The special tool is partially removed from the sealed material of the channel, and the pin is fixed to the cement into the bone with a call for greater stability. Thereafter, the tooth is restored using a filling material, which in small portions superimposed on each other following the shape and color of the tooth, and hardens by heating special polymerization lamp . After that, the treated tooth is ground and polished.
By modern filling materials are Composites Which are sufficiently durable, strong and well-connected to the tooth, and svetopolimernye materials Which have adhesive base that allows the seal tightly fastened to the tooth.
Restoration of tooth seal on pins - quite inexpensive and quick, but also very unreliable because the walls of the tooth will continue thinning, which can lead to the complete destruction of the tooth, and it will have to be removed. Besides, it can develop and secondary caries.
Restoration of tooth drilled tooth
If the tooth is not heavily damaged, the doctor may suggest restore it via pin tooth (tab) - special design consisting of a ceramic crown part and a pin that is inserted in the root canals and restores the missing piece of tooth. Previously coronal part made from kabalhromovogo alloy , Now mainly used ceramics or keramer . Pin teeth can be used to restore the teeth of all types. In this case, the doctor partially rasplombirovyvaet channels removes molds and puts temporary filling. In the dental laboratory by a cast made the said one-piece construction, accurately reflect the missing part of the tooth, which is then fixed on the cement, and grind in for a bite.
This method of restoring tooth has several advantages as a tooth-tab - quite durable design, as well as dental pins, it is able to withstand prolonged stress, and at the same time sparing adjacent to the enamel of the teeth. Besides design, made in the laboratory with the cast, usually of very high quality and precision.
However, due to thinning of the walls of the tooth and the development of secondary caries, this design can fall. In addition, depulpirovat teeth begin to darken over time and can vary in color from design.
For teeth that have been restored with the help of pin teeth (tabs) or seal on pins to watch, and if they start to bother you or change their color, should refer to the dentist and to cover their crown.
Restoration of the tooth crown
Restoration of teeth with crowns - is the most common method of teeth restoration. Crowns used to restore the appearance and function of the teeth, with defects that were destroyed as a result of tooth decay or injury. Earlier it was stamped common crown of precious or medical alloys, but now preferred to modern materials that look more natural and naturally.
The most popular are crowns cermet Consisting of two layers - a metal frame and the outer ceramic layer. Metal-ceramic crowns are strong enough to provide a metal frame and a layer applied to the ceramic crown gives an aesthetic appearance. These bits can be used to recover both the lateral and anterior teeth. Depending on the situation, such as a crown may be manufactured so that ceramic covers only certain parts of the teeth and the remaining part of the crown can be made of metal. As used kabaltohromovye metal alloys, titanium alloys, gold, silver or palladium, which are not oxidized. Modern technologies allow to accurately convey all the possible shades of teeth without metal bluish tint.
The disadvantages of this type of crown is the fact that the metal frame under the ceramic surface can sometimes appear as a dark line at the edge of the crown, which is not very aesthetically pleasing. Besides metal-ceramic crowns, due to its durability, contribute to a strong wear of opposing teeth.
It is also very aesthetic ceramic crowns Made of porcelain or other ceramic material that can give the crown of the tooth and color look natural and aesthetically pleasing. Pottery is not oxidized, not cleared and has no negative impact on the mouth, but these crowns are inferior to others in strength, so they are likely to put on the front teeth. In addition, all-ceramic crowns are very expensive.
Dental crowns on a transparent framework of zirconium oxide They are the most lenient for dental tissue as compared to other bits. Such crowns are made in two stages. First, zirconium oxide manufactured carcass crown, the crown and then the frame is covered by a ceramic mass. Crowns of zirconium oxide are very durable and do not change color over time.
Samu crown put on the restored seal with a pin or a tooth copings. Copings It made from the same material as the framework for the crown and is a design entering the dentinal tubules and recreating the tooth stump to which the crown is put on. Copings takes over part of the chewing pressure, contributes to its uniform distribution in the whole root. For example, if you want to restore a tooth using crowns on zirconium frame, the stump of a tooth needs to be made of fiberglass seals on pins or tabs zirconium. In case of severe destruction of the tooth crown and a tab for regeneration should be made of biocompatible materials, such as zirconium oxide.
Restoration of the tooth crown occurs in stages: Partial rasplombirovyvanie root canals and removal of plaster cast of a tab, and then you put temporary filling . The picture is removed not only from the restored tooth and the opposite jaw, which will help in making the technique to consider features tabs Bite In the laboratory, from a cast metal tab molded or machined using a laser zirconium . Then, the dentist cements the tab in the tooth roots and grinds her own teeth and part of a crown . This is a very difficult job, t . to . You need to create a thin, uniform thickness ledge about 0, 5-2 mm, so that the crown sat perfectly . Then with both jaws removed the casts for the crown, and the patient put a temporary crown . Temporary crown or prosthesis plastic protects the tooth from a variety of stimuli, and also creates a visible presence of the tooth . Under laboratory conditions, machined or molded frame crowns, ceramic and then laid by hand and baked in a special oven . Then the doctor with cement fixes the crown on the tooth . Cement uniformly distributed within the crown, after which it is put on the tooth . It is important that the crown exactly adjacent to the tooth . The entire procedure usually lasts about 2 weeks .
The main advantage of bits is that the tooth cloth is better preserved, since usually crown sits tight and sealed, so no Germs Or saliva do not fall under the crown, why not develop caries. Metal-ceramic crowns - is very strong, and over time do not change their color. However, the crown - rather rigid structure, which is not good for the opposing teeth. Furthermore, the gum due to the fact that the crown - a foreign object, can begin to move away. To avoid this, put the crown on the shoulder of the tooth, not deep into the gum, and recommend to the edge of the crown biocompatible materials or with solid ceramic edge. The most aesthetic crowns, which put on the front teeth, ceramic crowns are considered, and the strongest are considered the crown on zirconium oxide, so they are put on the side (chewy) teeth. The crown must repeat all the bumps and hollows of the tooth, and sit as a natural extension of the tooth - no chipping, in addition, it should not interfere. If you feel discomfort, consult your doctor, who can podshlifovat crown.
Handling restored teeth
For teeth that have been restored with the help of pin teeth (tabs), the seal on the pins, or crowns, you need to look very carefully and gently to treat them. Do not forget about individual oral hygiene And subject to such simple rules as regular and Regular teeth cleaning . the use of dental floss and rinse . It would be beneficial for the state of your teeth and set designs. Also, you must have regular checkups.
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