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Dental hygiene and oral cavity should be observed from childhood and become the useful habit, which will provide the normal state of the mouth and teeth.
The main method of care is considered to daily tooth brushing. It is necessary to brush their teeth twice a day, using a dentifrice, or toothpaste. Proper cleaning of the teeth - both from the outside and from the inside - allows you to remove all remnants of food, get rid of plaque on the teeth. Use toothpaste with the opportunity to give clear mouth odors and harmful microflora. However, there is also the need to remove dental plaque, which periodically appear at the teeth.
Types of dental plaque
Dental plaque called plaque and odontolith . Accepted subdivide all deposits on soft and hard. Soft non-mineralized sediments are dental plaque and plaque .
Dental plaque - A granular amorphous deposits, which gradually accumulate on the teeth, dentures, fillings . Dental plaque formed on the teeth of the remaining food, bacterial products, which are on the teeth, as well as mucus. Dental plaque is very tightly fixed on the tooth surface, so they should be removed only by physical methods.
If dental plaque merge due to improper oral hygiene, the teeth formed on the plaque. Plaque looks like a thick yellowish mass that accumulates mainly around the necks of the teeth, between the teeth and under the teeth. If oral hygiene is not observed, the coating can cover the teeth completely. Plaque consists of the same components as the plaque.
Dental plaque in a human is not only an aesthetic problem. They provoke the development of certain diseases of the gums - gingivitis . periodontitis And may become the cause of dental diseases. Such exposure plaque because the presence of a bacterial products provokes a chronic inflammation in the mouth.
Part of the plaque can be removed during daily brushing your teeth with toothpaste. But if dental care is performed too carefully, it is part of the plaque between teeth. Gradually its mineralization, so that it is converted into tartar, which is amorphous or crystalline deposits on the surface of the tooth.
Causes
Tartar frequently occurs in people with very strong salivation, changes in the viscosity of saliva. Also, its formation occurs in patients with metabolic disorders that occur as a result of malnutrition and disease gastrointestinal tract. Dental plaque occur after therapy with certain drugs, in particular antibiotics . A strong factor is the lack of mouth hygiene . Most often tartar appears in smokers, and its color when exposed to nicotine turns dark brown. Remove tartar smokers hard as it is strongly embedded in the enamel.
Plaque is formed not only due to poor hygiene. Not his appearance also affects the desire to constantly have only very soft food particles that clog between the teeth. Sometimes a person has a habit to chew only from one side. At the same time on the other side of the appearing dental plaque, as there is no cleaning of the teeth during chewing. If a person has jagged teeth, malocclusion, then brush your teeth more complicated. Therefore, between them they can also appear tartar.
Symptoms
If time does not remove soft plaque, it is impregnated with time calcareous salts and becomes hard tartar. Sometimes the plaque is deposited under the edge of the gums and on the surface of the tooth root. Gradually pushed gums tartar irritation occurs and, as a consequence, gums bleed.
With severe cases may develop inflammation of the gums - gingivitis In which there is a separation of pus. Because of this disease in patients appears halitosis . In addition, the dental plaque leads eventually to the formation of periodontitis .
Plaque is sometimes completely covers the tooth. This occurs when the tooth is not involved in the process of chewing.
Tartar divided into supragingival and subgingival . If human supragingival calculus develops, it will be positioned higher than the gingival margin, and the color may be whitish, and brown, and black. Typically, this type of tartar friable, and with a special tool can be easily removed from the tooth. Such deposits are located near the excretory ducts of the major salivary glands. They can also be deposited on the dentures if the person does not provide high-quality care.
Dental deposits of this type are caused by exposure to saliva on the soft plaque. The process of mineralization of soft plaque, the removal of which does not, may mineralized in about 12 days. During this time and there tartar.
Classification also defines the subgingival calculus. It is formed deeper gingival margin in a place where there is a pathological periodontal pocket. He was always dark brown. This plaque is much harder than supragingival. Its formation is the result of a finding on the surface of the tooth portions of fluid from the source of the inflammation and the components of the blood that falls from the vessels to the periodontal pocket. Saliva in the formation of the stone is not involved. Get rid of these stones is more difficult, but using modern methods possible. In particular, practiced removal of dental plaque by ultrasound, as well as special tools. Only the removal of such stones can protect man from the future development of periodontitis.
Diagnostics
Diagnosing the presence of dental complications relatively simple. A person can see their own dental plaque, which he developed. Solid deposits noticeable, since they have a certain color. And for the diagnosis of soft sediments are used specifically designed for this solution, after which the seat cover with a touch will be painted in a specific color. In addition, the dentist will detect dental plaque during the inspection.
Treatment
Remove the hard dental plaque allows professional teeth cleaning. Remove the solid plaque and tartar without the intervention of professionals fail. In his professional cleaning and plaque initially detached from the tooth using ultrasound or a special hand tools. Further purification is carried out extra spaces between the teeth. For this purpose, a special spray water with soda or strips - a plate of metal or plastic. Remains plaque polished rubber bands and disks for polishing, and then the teeth are cleaned to a shine with a special brush. Important quality polish teeth as if faultless polishing coating is formed much more slowly. In such procedures tooth enamel It does not deteriorate. In order to prevent after cleaning their teeth with fluoride gel cover.
After cleaning the product for two days can not eat the foods that stain teeth in an undesirable color. This juice, food dye, coffee, tea. It is also advisable not to smoke. Two days later, on the teeth appear cuticle . This film, which protects the teeth, which is peeled off when the professional removal of plaque.
How to brush your teeth
The basis of dental hygiene is their proper daily cleaning. Teeth should be thoroughly cleaned for three minutes or more. This should be carried out correct movements. The mouth is divided into several zones, and each zone is cleared separately to plaque is not spread throughout the mouth. By cleaning the inside surface of the front teeth, you need to make sweeping movements: up from the gums in the lower jaw, down from the gums in the upper jaw. To clean the chewing surface of the teeth should be smooth circular movements.
The brush should be changed at least once in three months. It is advisable to use a brush of medium hardness synthetic bristles. Toothpaste also must be chosen taking into account the individual characteristics of the teeth and oral cavity. No need to use medicated toothpaste without a prescription. Whitening toothpastes also can not be used permanently. After brushing can be used mouthwash, which gives a more pronounced freshness of breath. Dental floss should be used at least once a day, cleaning the space between teeth before going to bed.
Prevention
To prevent the formation of dental plaque, dental hygiene must be respected and mouth. Everyone should clearly know all the rules of dental hygiene and execute them. Personal hygiene includes not only the daily cleaning of the teeth in the morning and in the evening, but the use of dental floss, toothpicks to remove food particles stuck between the teeth. Professional hygiene is required at the first sign of a solid formation of plaque.
It is important to completely quit smoking, maintain a healthy diet. Every day you need to eat raw fruits and vegetables, which during chewing effectively brush their teeth from plaque.
It should be time to treat your teeth, turning whenever you need a dentist. In the absence of dental prosthesis should be done. But even if any problems with your teeth there, still visit the dentist for preventive purposes should be at least twice a year.
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