Lymphostasis

November 26, 2011

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Lymphostasis   (another name - Lymphedema ) It is a congenital or acquired disease that occurs as a result of irregularities in the outflows lymph   from peripheral lymph vessels and lymph capillaries in the legs, arms, and other organs to the major lymphatic collectors and the thoracic duct. As a result of such a breach occurs swelling of the tissues   due to poor drainage of lymphatic fluid. Such a liquid is generated in tissues and evacuated through the lymphatic and venous system. The cause is lymphostasis a chronic disease of the lymphatic system Which not only violates the natural outflow of lymph fluid, and is a violation of the balance of lymph in the body that helps to ensure that the size of the affected organ is significantly increased.

Most often complain about symptoms lymphostasis young woman. With the progression of the disease provokes psychological trauma Physical discomfort and pain, and later even a possible disability.

Varieties lymphostasis

The main functions of the lymphatic system is to participate in the reaction of the immune response and in providing transport 2 to 4 gallons of fluid, which is accumulated in the body due to the exchange. As symptoms may occur trophic disorders   on the skin. Most often occurs defeat the lower and upper extremities, more rarely occurs defeat genitals. Guided causes of the disease, lymphedema can be divided into two groups:

1. Primary lymphedema . In this type of deficiency diseases of the lymphatic system appears due to the lack of lymphatic vessels, is innate. This pathology can be detected after birth, but mostly it manifests itself during adolescence and later a young age.

2. Secondary lymphedema . The disease manifests itself when the lymphatic system is developed normally, but there are certain injuries or diseases that trigger violations in its work. Thus, the reasons for such violations can be a parasitic and a staph infection, trauma, during which the damaged lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels ( damage . burns . radiation ). Also on the lymphatic system affects the appearance therein both malignant and benign tumors removed during surgery lymph nodes.

Stage lymphostasis

There are steps lymphostasis:

Lymphostasis transient . The disease can pass almost unnoticed and disappear without treatment. The patient has a small swelling, it progresses subtly, therefore, the patient gets used to the edema and almost not notice it. Virtually no pain.

The first stage lymphostasis . The patient is observed soft spontaneous swelling . If the disease progresses, the swelling becomes more pronounced, the patient notices that the limb increased significantly. At the same time in the morning swelling is almost invisible, but in the evening he again greatly increased. At this stage of the disease the patient usually do not seek medical help, but it is forced to use an elastic bandage for swollen limbs, used folk remedies. Subject to obtaining timely expert advice swelling can be treated by simple means, because for the first stage of development is not typical lymphostasis connective tissue growths . Typically, at this stage of development of the disease, experts advise the patient to undergo a manual Lymphatic massage   and choose the appropriate compression hosiery.

The second stage lymphostasis . At this stage of the disease there is the appearance of a spontaneous irreversible edema. Because of proliferation of connective tissue after skin becomes firmer, after clicking on it is visible swelling fossa. The patient constantly feels as tight elastic skin at the site of edema at enhancing skin tension can be felt pain. It is because of the pain, most patients at this stage of the disease to consult specialists. If lymphedema has reached this stage of development, to treat the disease is much harder. For effective results, and the doctor and the patient must show a lot of effort. So, you need a course Lymphatic massage, constant wearing properly sized and elastic compression bandage. If you come to the correct treatment, the treatment results will be positive.

The third stage lymphostasis . A patient with this stage of the disease is observed irreversible swelling . cyst . fibrosis . In view of the changed tissue growths limb where the tumor was formed, no longer has a loop. So appears the so-called stage of elephantiasis. Of course you can become heavier to the extent that the patient can significantly disrupt the mobility and function of the affected limb. If irregularities in the flow of lymph reached this stage, the patient is shown a series of complications, most of which can not fade throughout his life. So in the absence of appropriate effective therapy in a patient appears erysipelas, cellulitis . mycosis . eczema . In more rare cases there is a transformation of the tumor - limfoangiosarkoma . It is because of the fact that lymphedema often becomes a phenomenon, accompanied by other illnesses, should consult a doctor, noting the very first signs of the disease.

Diagnosis lymphostasis

When you call to the doctor complaining of symptoms the patient described above, first of all, consult with a qualified phlebologist parallel passing ultrasound veins. Also during the diagnostic results are important pelvic ultrasound and the abdominal cavity, if there is a swelling of the lower extremities. If the patient complains of the failure of the upper limbs, the specialist scrutinizes organs of the chest cavity. Also in the diagnosis of the doctor is guided by the results obtained in laboratory tests: clinical and biochemical blood analysis, urinalysis. To find out the level of permeability of lymphatic vessels, carried out lymphography   and lymphoscintigraphy . If the specialist suspects that the patient has other diseases, the doctors involved in the study of a specific profile.

Treatment lymphostasis

Effective treatment lymphostasis efforts should be made to overcome the progression directly swelling, and possible complications. For positive results of the determining factors is the timely treatment of the patient to specialists as well as his subsequent attitude to solving health problems. Basically, patients diagnosed with lymphedema, appointed conservative treatment Whose goal is to improve the drainage of lymphatic fluid from the space between tissue cells. Treatment is directed to increasing the number of detours transport lymph. For this patient, first of all, you need to change the rhythm of life and work. For two weeks, the patient should adhere to polupostelnogo regime. It is important that most of patient days spent in the supine position, holding the limb horizontally and in a good way.

Also, for the method of treatment is given Manual lymphatic drainage . It is a very careful massage of the affected limb swelling, which should facilitate the movement of proteins in the lumen of the lymphatic capillaries. Also massage movements stimulate the reduction of lymphatic vessels. As a result, the flow of lymph becomes more dynamic. This procedure should be patient, staying in a prone position. Massage movements carried out so that they are exposed directly to the skin. Massage lasts 15 to 30 minutes. Note that this procedure can not be performed in the presence of acute infections . venous thrombosis . malignancies . systemic diseases decompensated and .

The patient may be given a variable holding a pneumatic compression. This procedure helps to increase the pressure level in the tissue, accelerates the outflow of fluid from the extracellular space. Therefore, swelling is reduced. The procedure is performed using a pneumatic device with a large number of cameras.

It is important to choose a special medical compression hosiery   and wear it regularly. Patients should be aware that improper imposition of elastic bandage may adversely affect the state. Compression hosiery is chosen depending on the stage of the disease. This clothing should be worn in the morning, twenty minutes after the patient got out of bed. Shoot it needs about two hours before bedtime.

As the medication is administered orally to patients lymphostasis flebotoniki that have limfotoniziruyuschee impact. It is also effective in the treatment affect limofdrenazhnye drugs that is taken orally or administered by injection. For local use reduces swelling apply ointments and gels. During treatment, the result is directly influenced by dietary restrictions that reduce the volume of interstitial fluid in the body. So, it is important to consume a limited salt and protein products. If conservative treatment does not bring the expected results, refer to the surgical methods. Perhaps a microsurgery to create lymphovenous anastomoses Also performed a transplant of full lymph node.

Prevention lymphostasis

As the main prevention of this disease are the following. It's important to take good care of nails, to reduce the risk of infection. With the same purpose during the performance of work hands (for example, work in agriculture), be sure to wear gloves for protection. Upon receipt of injury should be very carefully and correctly treated. To prevent the occurrence of edema, it is important to wear loose and comfortable clothing and shoes. Keep in mind that the reason may be lymphostasis obesity So it is important to adhere to the rules of a healthy diet and getting regular exercise.

If the patient had surgery, it is important to eliminate the significant power load on the operated leg or arm. At the same time the patient must constantly perform gymnastic exercises, recommended by the attending physician, to massage. Compression clothing is also an effective method of prevention.