Musculoarticular dysfunction

April 18, 2013

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Musculoarticular dysfunction   - Is a pathology in which there is a violation coordinate the functions of the masticatory muscles. In addition, improperly positioned components of the temporomandibular joint. In particular, the location of the broken disk and head relative to the articular tubercle.

Temporomandibular joint forms the articular head of the mandible, tubercle of the temporal bone and articular fossa. In its two portions divides fibroplate . It is a complex, difficult arranged joint. It is exposed to a group of masticatory muscles. In this joint complex movements occur - translational and rotational. And to all this mechanism has always functioned smoothly and clearly, need a very clear and proper coordination of its work.

Muscle dysfunction syndrome can manifest as a result of various types of bias. This displacement of the articular heads, prolapse   (ie loss) disc displacement of the articular disc. Treatment of this disease depends on what type of bias is observed.

Causes

Musculoarticular dysfunction   a person is manifested primarily as a result of irregularities in the interdigitation .  This can be a malocclusion, or joint injury .  However, speaking about the trauma, experts do not mean getting sharp jaw injuries .  Sometimes such injury occurs as a consequence of delays in prosthetics .  Especially dangerous in this case, the absence of posterior teeth .  In the absence of human teeth or their partial destruction disappear those landmarks that define the proper closing of the mouth .  It turns out that if a portion of teeth missing, the patient may each time differently to close the mouth .  On chewing surfaces are no bumps that could restrict movement .  As a result, an undesirable change in the condition of the temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles .  In addition, the normal closing of the mouth or the product of the lateral movement of the mandible may prevent the presence of slope of the teeth or their extension .  In this case, teeth may contact the wrong, thereby manifested articular dysfunction .

In addition to these reasons among the factors contributing to the development musculoarticular dysfunction, experts note the presence of the patient's endocrine and joint diseases, frequent stresses   and psycho-emotional injuries sustained injuries of the cervical spine. The cause of the disease can be a high degree of erasing teeth bruxism   and the habit of constantly be with your mouth open.

Also, the joint can be injured in the process or of prosthetics orthodontic therapy Provided that such treatment occurs correctly. Specialist provider of treatment should be to restore teeth, clearly because of their anatomical size and shape in each individual case. Masticatory apparatus each person has certain features (the ratio of the jaw, the shape of the teeth, etc.), which are required to be displayed in the treatment. Every restoration must be not only aesthetically harmonious positions, but also correct from the standpoint of the recovery of all the functions. To date, experts give the matter a lot of attention in order to restore a functional relationship of elements dental system .

Symptoms

Muscle dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint can occur in two forms: with the presence of pain and a lack of it.

Possible symptoms of this disease can be pain in the maxillofacial region, which appear at the moment when a person chews, turns his head, swallowing, talking. Typically, such a pain develops on the one hand, and periodically gives ear, neck, teeth, hard palate, jaw. Such feelings can become more intense after hypothermia, severe emotional stress. The pain subsides after a patient takes painkillers.

Sometimes a person says that he has manifested certain restrictions when opening the mouth, and the crunch is felt and clicking in the temporomandibular joint. This movement of the mandible can be blocked.

Sometimes the patient complains of headaches, feeling the noise and congestion in the ears. The mobility of the jaw is often markedly reduced in the late afternoon. A person can thus feel inexplicable anxiety that affects the quality of his sleep.

With the development of musculo-articular dysfunction   Some patients complain of a feeling of dryness in the mouth, high tooth sensitivity to cold and hot. It happens that when a disease develops gradually noticeable facial asymmetry .

If the treatment of the disease has not been carried out in a timely manner, then the presence of disc prolapse can happen restructuring of the articular surfaces, thus developing arthrosis . If there is a proliferation of connective tissue in the joint, it can be completely immobilized. This complication is called ankylosis .

Diagnostics

To diagnose this condition, originally a specialist conducts a thorough inspection and palpation produces. Also practiced listening joint holding electromyography. If necessary, designate MRI , Computed tomography of the joint, as well as other methods of examination.

It should be noted that the diagnosis " neuromuscular dysfunction of bladder "- It is a separate disorder in which celebrated various violations reservoir   and evacuation functions . The reason for this defeat - the development of a variety of nervous system lesions provoked by injuries, birth defects, tumors and others.

Treatment

The tactics of treating syndrome musculo-articular dysfunction   It depends on what type of dysfunction is observed in the patient, and what reasons have provoked its occurrence.

Very often the treatment of such pathology is only a grinding superkontaktov teeth . These are their points, accounting for the highest load, if the jaws are closed properly. Sometimes it is necessary to properly carry out dental prosthetics and make full pereprotezirovanie . Another effective method for certain types of dysfunction - orthodontic treatment to correct bite. Thus, all of these methods, as well as other measures are taken in order to recreate the correct clamping teeth. It is important to ensure that they were closing the most naturally.

Most effective method of treatment is to use a special plate divisive relaxing, the use of which allows you to move the joint head in the correct position. In order to hold the correct position of the head and the articular disk uses a special roll tire.

So, flat occlusal splint   It may be superimposed on the upper and the lower row of teeth. With such a tire fails completely block the chewing surface of the teeth in contact with the opposing teeth to them. This bus allows the lower jaw into the correct position and match the position of the joint. This bus is used to overcome bruxism.

Bus Gelb   It is used to reposition the lower jaw and to reposition the articular disc, if the patient is too deep bite. Such a tire is manufactured on the lower dental arch.

Stabilizing the tire is applied if the unstable situation marked the lower jaw, as well as the presence of a double bite.

When using any of the tires treatment lasts about 4-6 months. If there is a need for re-treatment, it is carried out after mid-year pause.

If the doctor diagnoses the displacement of the disc, which is not amenable to reposition, in this case, surgical intervention. In the course of the operation performed colliotomy, smoothing disk and install it on the right place.

Prevention

The main preventive measure to prevent the development of musculo-articular dysfunction   - A regular preventive dental check-ups, as well as timely access to a doctor at the first sign of any pathology. If there is an injury or tooth decay, damage to the crowns, chipped teeth, erasing seals , Then recourse can not pull in any case. After all, if untreated dentition gradually rebuilt, and eventually a person develops musculo-articular dysfunction . In addition, it is important to pay attention to maintaining overall mental and physical health.