Citoflavin

Description overdue on 04/10/2014

• Latin name: Cytoflavin
• ATC code: N07XX
• Active substance: Succinic acid, nicotinamide, Riboxinum, Riboflavin
• Manufacturer: NTFF Polysan Ltd., Russia

Photos of the drug

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• Composition
• Product form
• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
• Indications Cytoflavin
• Contraindications
• Side effects
• Instructions for use Cytoflavin (method and dosage)
• Overdose
• Cooperation
• Terms of sale
• Storage conditions
• Shelf life
• Analogs
• During pregnancy (and lactation)
• Reviews
• Price, where to buy

Composition

One ml of the drug contained 0, 1 succinic acid 0 01 nicotinamide 0 02 Riboxin 0 002 riboflavin   + Adjuvants ( sodium hydroxide   Injectable meglumine ).

One tablet: 0, 3 succinic acid 0 riboksina 05, 0, 025 nicotinamide, 0, 005 + riboflavin adjuvants ( povidone, calcium stearate, propylene glycol, dye ).

Product form

• The drug in ampoules, injection. Transparent yellow liquid.
• In tablets, the convex shape of the coated red (orange or yellow inside) contour packing 10 pieces in boxes of 5 and 10 packs.

Pharmacological action

INN medications: Inosine + nicotinamide + Riboflavin + Succinic Acid   (Inosine + Nicotinamide + Riboflavin + Succinic acid). Drugs affecting central nervous system Affecting metabolism .

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

The action of the drug due to the sum of the components included in its composition:

Succinic acid   - Important participant Krebs cycle . Transformed into fumaric acid   which in turn becomes an active participant in the cycle TCA . Because of succinic acid occurs ATP synthesis   and flow processes glycolysis . By the end of the loop releases carbon dioxide and H2O.

Inosine   participates in establishing the key enzymes in the Krebs cycle nucleotides, such as FAD and ABOVE . Takes part in the synthesis of ATP.

Riboflavin   - Vitamin B2 is also directly involved in the Krebs cycle.

Nicotinamide   (Krebs cycle) is transformed into ABOVE and NADP Which, in turn, stimulate cellular respiration   and ATP synthesis.

Indications Cytoflavin

From what Citoflavin pills?

• cerebrovascular accident (the state after stroke );
• indication to the use of drugs is the inability of a person for a long time in a state of mental and physical stress;
• at Cerebral ischemia   in infants (and premature);
• prophylaxis after surgery, during which the use of artificial blood circulation;
• cerebral atherosclerosis .

Contraindications

The drug should not be taken to persons under 18 years of age, patients with kidney disease, when allergies   the drug components. Tablets should not be taken in diseases of the stomach.

Side effects

It occurs infrequently. FEATURES: headache, tachycardia and arrhythmia , Change Blood Pressure   and ECG . nausea   and vomiting , Allergic reactions, urine may turn yellow, general weakness, poor thermoregulation .

Instructions for use Cytoflavin (method and dosage)

Instructions on Citoflavin tablets Usually administered 2 tablets 2 times a day, morning and evening, with an interval of 7 hours. The drug is taken half an hour before meals. Do not chew tablet. The course is 25 days, if necessary, it can be repeated after one month.

Medicine in ampoules : Assign an intravenous drip. Enter the drug via injections impossible. IV makes 100-200 ml of solution Glucose   or NaCl. The daily dose for adults is 10 ml (up to 20 in serious condition), treatment depends on the disease, and can be up to 10 days.

For newborns optimum time of administration is considered to be from 2 to 12 hours. For drip preparation is diluted with glucose in a ratio of 1: 5 and 2 mL per kilogram of body weight throughout the day. The average course of treatment - 5 days.

Overdose

No cases of overdose were reported.

Cooperation

Applying medication with antibiotics   and especially with streptomycin It reduces the efficiency of the latter.

Thyroid hormones enhance the effect of the drug, ethanol and antidepressants   conversely lower.

Terms of sale

It requires a prescription.

Storage conditions

In a dark, cool, the children, the temperature regime - no higher than 25 degrees. If the bottom of the solution appeared sediment can not use the vial.

Shelf life

The medicine can be stored for 12 months.

Analogs Cytoflavin

Match code ATC 4th level:

• Mexidol
• Neurox
• Glitsised
• Glycine
• Boluses Huato

At present, there are no medicines with the same set of operating components. There are similar products: antifront, armadin, boluses Huato, borizol, glycine, glitsised, glutamic acid, cortexin meksiprim, neurotrophin, nikomeks, rilutek   and others. Price analogs differ depending on the manufacturer and the composition.

During pregnancy and lactation

The drug is not recommended for use. The drug can be administered at the doctor hypoxia   the fetus of varying severity has good reviews during pregnancy.

Reviews cytoflavin

Well, there are practically no negative. Tablets are well tolerated, adverse reactions occur very rarely. Almost all people taking the medication prescribed by a doctor, there is a marked improvement in health.

Reception children reviews No clinical data are Cytoflavin for children. Despite the fact that the medication is not recommended, it is often prescribed for developmental delay and other abnormalities. Reviews often good, some people notice a positive change after the first course. The drug is well tolerated and is used in the treatment.

Price Citoflavin where to buy it?

The price of the tablet Cytoflavin in Ukraine on average 120 UAH for 50 pieces.

The price of a vial of 10 ml - 38 UAH 5 ml ampoules of about - 20 UAH.

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Aspirin Cardio

Description overdue on 04/29/2014

• Latin name: Aspirin Cardio
• ATC code: B01AC06
• Active substance: Acetylsalicylic acid
• Manufacturer: Biterfeld GmbH Leverkusen, Germany (Switzerland)

Photos of the drug

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• Composition
• Product form
• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
• Indications Aspirin Cardio
• Contraindications
• Side effects
• Instructions for use of Aspirin Cardio (method and dosage)
• Overdose
• Cooperation
• Terms of sale
• Storage conditions
• Shelf life
• Analogs
• Synonyms
• Reviews
• Price, where to buy

Composition

Active substance -   acetylsalicylic acid   - 0 1 g per tablet auxiliaries + ( cellulose, ethacrylate and methacrylic acid (copolymer), talc, polysorbate, triethyl citrate, sodium lauryl sulfate, corn starch ).

Product form

White film-coated tablets, dissolving in the intestine. Packages 20, 28 and 56 units.

Pharmacological action

Antiaggregants . Blood thinners.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Once in the digestive tract, the active substance is transformed into salicylic acid . Acetylsalicylic acid It inhibits processes Aggregation Platelet By blocking the synthesis of thromboxane A2 . It violates the mechanism of creation cyclooxygenase .

The drug has anti-inflammatory and pyretic action. Also the medicine is used in arthritis   and osteoarthritis . Flu   and colds .

The maximum concentration of acetylsalicylic acid - 20 minutes after administration, salicylic - an hour. When using the dosage form, coated tablet, intestine-soluble, the absorption of the active substances occurs later than the stomach. The action of the drug is prolonged.

Displayed acid mainly through the kidneys and this occurs within 2-15 hours, depending on the dosage.

Indications Aspirin Cardio

• as a preventative therapy for diabetes, obesity, smoking . hyperlipidemia , The elderly, to prevent the emergence of myocardial infarction ;
• indication for the use of the drug is a tendency to rise deep vein thrombosis . thromboembolism ;
• prophylaxis after surgery on the arteries and the heart;
• prevention circulatory disorders of the brain   and stroke .

Contraindications Aspirin Cardio

• contraindication to use of the drug is drug allergy ;
• diathesis ;
• asthma ;
• disease liver and kidneys ;
• acute heart failure .

Side effects

• hepatitis, pancreatitis, pain and bloating, lack of appetite, stomach ulcers;
• headache or dizziness;
• allergic reactions in the skin ;
• anemia, thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia;
• various bleeding .

Instructions for use of Aspirin Cardio (method and dosage)

How to take the medicine?

The instructions in the Aspirin Cardio said that the tablet is taken orally before a meal.

The daily dose and duration of treatment must be prescribed by a doctor. Typically, it ranges from 100 to 300 mg per day.

How to take for prevention?

For the prevention of heart disease and cerebral vascular drug is administered in an amount of 100 mg per sutki.Esli you miss a pill, you should take it as soon as possible, except in cases when it is almost time for the next one.

Overdose

Dyspepsia, infringement of vision, headache . Treatment according to symptoms. Gastric lavage, chelators, laxatives . Should be monitored blood pH If the indicator is shifted toward an acidic medium, is introduced into the blood bicarbonate of soda .

Cooperation

Aspirin Cardio increases the impact of these drugs while taking consult your doctor: methotrexate, heparin, anticoagulants, trombolititeskie, antiagregatnye agents, MAO inhibitors, digoxin, valproic acid, salicylic acid derivatives, diuretics, ethanol .

Special care must be sick diabetes Taking hypoglycemics .

The drug reduces the effect of: diuretics . ACE inhibitors . benzbromaron . probenecid .

Ibuprofen   and systemic corticosteroids reduce the effectiveness of aspirin.

Terms of sale

It does not require a prescription.

Storage conditions

Ambient temperature must be above 25 degrees.

Shelf life

5 years.

Analogs of Aspirin Cardio

Match code ATC 4th level:

• Lopirel
• Zilt
• Kardiask
• Atsekardol
• Aspinat
• Aspikor
• Curantil
• Plavix
• Aspekard
• Cardiomagnyl

Tromboass, aviks, aksanum, agrenoks, brilinta, dzhendogrel, disgren, ilomedin, ipaton, kropired, kardogrel, klopidal, lopired, Pingel, Plavix, platogril, trombonet, effient .

Often, the price of analogues is very different from the cost of the original medicine.

Synonyms

Product form, the active ingredient and the composition identical with drugs such as Asaph, acetylsalicylic acid, thrombotic ACC godasal, Aspekard, cardiomagnil, aspenorm, lospirin, aspeter, magnikor, aspimag, aspirin, asprovit, atsekor cardio polokard, trombolik-cardio Upsarin UPSA.

Which is better: Thrombotic ACC or Aspirin Cardio?

Thrombotic Ass - synonym Aspirin Cardio concerning significant difference in effect or that is not observed. These differences can only be the financial aspect.

Which is better: Aspirin or Aspirin Cardio?

Not so long ago, scientists have shown that to achieve the desired therapeutic effect, only one-fourth of the standard dose of acetylsalicylic acid.

What is the difference? Home than aspirin different from aspirin Cardio - this amount of active ingredient per tablet. This difference means that the body will be caused less damage than the dose of 325 mg.

Which is better: Cardiomagnyl or Aspirin Cardio?

The structure further includes cardiomagnyl magnesium hydroxide, which provides the additional power of the heart muscle. The drug is not the most suitable for the prevention and treatment of various diseases of the heart.

Reviews of Aspirin Cardio

Reviews of doctors Many health professionals say the effectiveness of a drug and its bioavailability.

Reviews on the forums : Good. The drug is considered more affordable and easy to use than its equivalents and substitutes. Because of the side effects most often have problems with stomach and dizziness. Also complain of the high cost.

Price Aspirin Cardio, where to buy

Price in Ukraine about 50 hryvnia for 28 tablets of 100 mg. To get the same amount of the drug in Kharkov you can for 47 UAH. The price of 100 mg in Kiev will be 70 USD for 28 tablets.

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Cavinton

Description overdue on 16.10.2011

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The main active substance - vinpocetine . It refers to a group tserebrovazodilatiruyuschih funds . PM improves cerebral metabolism . cerebral circulation Rheological properties of blood. Cavinton has cerebroprotective action significantly reduces the severity of the damaging effect amino acids It inhibits the activity of transmembrane calcium, sodium channel receptors AMPA . NMDA . The drug has a potentiating effect on neuroprotection adenosine . Vinpocetine increases the absorption, improves the absorption, metabolism of oxygen and glucose by the brain. The drug is able to move the glucose metabolism in a more favorable direction aerobic energy. It stimulates cerebral metabolism Serotonin   and noradrenaline , Having antioxidant . stimulatory   impact on the noradrenergic system.

Cavinton selectively improves cerebral blood circulation: increases cerebral fraction of cardiac output, lowers the resistance of the blood vessels of the brain, without affecting the general circulation in the ( Heart Rate . minute volume . BP . PR ). The drug does not cause syndrome "steal". It improves blood circulation ischemic But viable regions of the brain, causing the phenomenon of "reverse steal." Increases resistance to brain cells hypoxia Improves microcirculation Reduces platelet aggregation opposed abnormally high viscosity of blood increases the deformability of erythrocytes, has a blocking effect on the uptake of adenosine erythrocytes .

Dosage Form:

The tablets in the blister pack. Solution for injection.

Indications:

Neuroscience : Transient ischemia , Vascular Dementia Progressing stroke . atherosclerosis   GM vessels, vertebrobasilar insufficiency, post-stroke, hypertensive, post-traumatic encephalopathy, and other types of cerebrovascular insufficiency. Neurological, psychiatric disorders in patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency ( aphasia , Memory impairment, apraxia, headaches, movement disorders).

Ophthalmology : Vascular eye disease (vasospasm retina and choroid, atherosclerosis, degenerative diseases, secondary glaucoma , Thrombosis, embolism ).

Otorhinolaryngology : Hearing impairment age, toxic and vascular genesis, kohleovestibulyarny neuritis, Meniere's disease, vertigo, tinnitus, vasovegetative symptoms in menopause.

Contraindications:

Severe forms of arrhythmia, severe coronary artery disease, lactation, pregnancy (due to lack of safety data).

Side effect:

Cardiovascular system : Strengthening of existing arrhythmias can tachycardia, drop in blood pressure. Gastrointestinal tract : Dyspepsia, dry mouth, heartburn . Central nervous system Weakness, insomnia, dizziness, headache. Allergies.

Mode of application:

The course of treatment an average of 3 months (permissible from 1 to 8). Cavinton take before meals, three times a day for 1 m. For the abolition of the drug dose should be reduced gradually over a period of 3 days. The solution Cavinton introducing drip / in a dose of 20 mg per 1000 ml saline. solution.

Special instructions:

Cavinton has no nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxic effects. Patients with lactose intolerance should be considered that 1 tablet contains 83 mg of lactose. Patients with diabetes   when parenterally administered drug requires monitoring of blood glucose (solution contains sorbitol At / in the introduction increases the risk of arrhythmia, ventricular fibrillation). When cerebral hemorrhagic stroke drug can be administered parenterally only after decrease in acute phenomena (after 5-7 days.). The drug is not recommended for appointment in pediatrics.

Drug Interactions:

Use of the drug in the background Cavinton Heparin   It increases the risk of developing a variety of hemorrhagic complications. LAN solution for injection is not compatible with Heparin .

Scientists have told us what the men raped their wives

According to US researchers, every fifth resident of the United States, unmarried, suffered during sexual intercourse due to the fault despotic husband. How to recognize a home sadist in advance, even before the wedding, the staff of the University of Michigan told the magazine «American Board of family Medicine».

Violence Women

Every year in the United States, doctors recorded about 320 thousand cases violence against women Suffering through the fault of regular sexual partners. At the same time about 1,200 victims are killed by their husbands.

To avoid the sad fate, experts advise to girls as early as possible to meet their family's choices. If the parents of the man often quarrel and swear, splashing out anger on others, it is possible that he will practice the exact same model of relations, forcing relatives to suffer.

Another factor provoking sexual violence at the stronger sex, - the use of drugs. The most unexpected is the cause of abuse of wives began insomnia and irritable bowel syndrome - these diagnoses did the behavior of the spouses is much more aggressive.

For reference:
These researchers obtained data by conducting a survey of respondents of both sexes. (READ MORE)

Psychology

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Teenage alcoholism harms memory

Teens who are fond of beer and other alcoholic beverages, serious harm to his memory, as the experts found out. Research has shown that alcohol causes damage to important parts of the brain of young people.

The use of large quantities of alcohol in a short period of time can lead not only attack on the liver but also abnormalities in brain activity . From teenage alcoholism   suffers from the hippocampus - a part of the limbic system of the brain, which is involved in the mechanisms of emotion and transition to long-term memory.

Teenage Alcoholism   It can lead to systematic memory loss   in later years and the emergence of persistent forgetfulness. That is the conclusion reached by researchers from the Institute The Scripps Research in California, which traced the impact of large doses of alcohol on rhesus monkeys.

The researchers gave the monkeys a significant amount of alcohol over a short period of time, and two months later analyzed disorders of the   their of the brain .

It was found that the brains of macaques drinkers produces fewer cells and more suffer from damage to the hippocampus than those monkeys that were in the control group and did not use alcohol. Scientists believe that a similar effect is excessive doses of alcohol have on the adolescent brain.

"Level teenage alcoholism   growing, and our animal studies have shown that adolescence is the most sensitive to the damaging effects of alcohol on the brain, "- said study author Dr. Chitra Mandi.

Healthy Child

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8 signs of alcoholism

He says that everything is in control, drink only on holidays, and quite a bit, but you do not want to believe him. How do you determine what your spouse, friend or relative has passed the dangerous brink of separating moderate alcohol consumption and a disease called alcoholism?

According to official statistics, in the UK alone every 13th inhabitant has classic signs of alcoholism . This means that from a severe addiction, destroys health and family life, suffering 3, 7 million people. Russian figures, alas, is much worse. In his new book, Bottled Up ("Bottle to the bottom"), well-known psychologist and family therapist Lou Lewis (she lived with her husband, an alcoholic 20 years, until he died of cancer) explains how to determine the degree of enthusiasm drink your partner.

Few of alcoholics have the courage to admit their weaknesses. Most argue that control their behavior and drink as much "as needed." Here are some signs of alcoholism Which indicate that alcohol becomes your loved one serious problem:

1. He resorted to drinking as a means to relieve stress after a failure at work, in school or at home.

2. It may appear drunk where it is prohibited. For example, while driving or at school children.

3. He has already been in trouble with the law (police detained / police) because of drinking.

4. He continues to lean on alcohol, despite the current social or personal problems.

5. He needed a drink to remove the symptoms of "withdrawal".

6. A significant amount of time people spend on the production of alcohol, its reception and recovery administration.

7. "smell" appear almost every day, although the strong intoxication unavailable.

8. He constantly lying about how much he drank and when.

These signs of alcoholism It tells you that the time to act. Your close already passed the dangerous brink, and now we need to take measures to dependence is not turned into alcoholism protracted hard drinking and other "charms".

Treatment and prevention

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Does honey for sore throat?

With angina trifled with. If it is run, it is inevitable various complications such as inflammation of the middle ear. But if in the treatment rely on ready medicaments, a risk of drug allergy or other reaction. How to be?

According to doctors, treatment of angina   It must be a serious and thorough. The disease is similar to the common cold, they have similar symptoms: fatigue, chills, headache, sore throat. However, even if the cold can be transferred to the legs, the angina such "feats" does not forgive. Many doctors recommend use in this disease, not only drugs but also aids the arsenal of home. The most important of the degree of their use and effectiveness of the treatment of angina and business experts call honey.

Recall that the sore throat is a bacterial or viral .  In the latter case, angina cause the same viruses as the common cold, and it is believed that these diseases have no effective therapies .  However, in practice, the honey helps with angina shorten the duration of illness .  It is also proved that honey contains components that effectively destroys streptococci - gnoynikovyh pathogens infections, bacterial tonsillitis so when this product is simply irreplaceable .  It activates the blood flow through the capillaries, has antibacterial, bactericidal, anti-inflammatory action, has a tonic and tonic effect of the action on the human body .  To use honey to treat sore throats, it is helpful to eat a few teaspoons a day, so that it enveloped the back of the throat .  In addition, honey can be added to warm tea to soothe a sore throat .  However, we must remember that children under one year should never be given honey due to the possible presence of endospores, which can cause botulism .

To treat a sore throat, you can use other means of traditional medicine, for example, gargle decoction of chamomile, calendula and other herbs.

Recipes with honey to treat sore throats:

1. Doctors recommend angina ancient gargle decoction of honey with the juice of green walnut shells. You need to make a glass of boiling water 1-2 tablespoons green crusts walnuts and cook on low heat for 20 minutes with honey or sugar. Dilute 1 teaspoon in 1 cup of tea 3-4 times per day.
2. When angina, chronic tonsillitis, diseases of the tongue, gums do well rinsing with 30% aqueous solution of honey 3-4 times a day - it kills many germs. When these diseases, as well as lesions of the respiratory tract is recommended to keep the honey in the mouth until it dissolves (1 teaspoon 5-6 times a day).
3. 1 tablespoon butter mixed with the same amount of honey, add soda pinch and heat the mixture to foam. It should be drunk in the form of heat.

Healthy eating

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