Iodine

Description overdue on 10.01.2012

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Antiseptic . In humans, the synthesis of iodine is impossible, everything you need for organs and tissues of the number of elements must come from outside. It is an indispensable component for the synthesis of hormones Thyroid It is involved in metabolic processes, including protein metabolism in fat metabolism affects (reduces) on blood clotting. The need of the human body for iodine of 200 micrograms per day, is vital for adequate mental and physical development of children. Iodine deficiency is associated with severe impairment of the organs and tissues, while maximum damage is applied to the thyroid gland: inhibited the synthesis of thyroid hormones Reduced levels of T3 and T4 in the blood, and this, in turn, leads to severe violations of all parts of metabolism. However, the excess material is also detrimental to the organism - inhibits the production of thyroid stimulating hormone of the pituitary gland, which entails all the same reduction in the synthesis of thyroid hormones the thyroid gland. Also widely used in medicine alcohol solution potassium iodide Which has a strong antiseptic properties. It is used topically (on the skin and mucous), anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and locally irritating effect. Sensitive to iodine as Gram-negative or Gram-positive organisms. It is effective against the pathogen anthrax   (resulting in the death of the dispute), effective for mycotic infections.

Indications:

It is used in all kinds of infectious inflammatory diseases of any localization (at chronic tonsillitis , Chronic purulent otitis, chronic atrophic rhinitis At chronic periodontitis   and so on). In surgery iodine used for the treatment of the surgical field prior to surgery and after surgery, for the treatment of the surgeon's hands, during the injecting procedures, punctures. It is used in the treatment of venous and varicose ulcers, the treatment of thermal and chemical burns. Potassium iodide is widely used for the treatment of traumatic lesions of the skin (abrasions, cracks, scratches, cuts, animal bites). In gynecology is used for the topical treatment trichomonas infection In therapy nonspecific vaginitis . It is accumulating in the syphilitic nodes, thereby contributing to their resorption and softening. If you have a deficiency of iodine in the body, in violation of thyroid function after surgery on the thyroid gland, iodine is appointed as part of iodine into the tablet form of the drug.

Contraindications:

Do not use iodine thyrotoxicosis (hyperthyroidism), and the drug is contraindicated in the presence of hypersensitivity to iodine. The drug is prohibited inside the following diseases: if tuberculosis When kidney disease, thyroid adenoma, children up to five years, if the patient hemorrhagic diathesis   and pyoderma , Boils and acne. Also, you can not use iodine if skin lesions are diabetic nature and dermatitis herpetiformis Duhring.

Side effect:

The local application of iodine causes irritation of the skin, which may in the case of long-term use lead to "yodizma": on the surface of the skin rash acne character is joined by a runny nose, watery notes, reinforced ptyalism . angioneurotic edema. For internal use at some point in the course of therapy may manifest symptoms associated with an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism symptoms): nervousness, irritability, sweating, insomnia, heart palpitations, a violation of the chair. Cutaneous manifestations in the form of allergic reactions are rare.

Mode of application:

When the local application of iodine lubricate the affected skin and mucous membranes. In the latter case, a glycerol solution of the drug used. Processing of the operative field before the operation is performed twice during the seven - eight minutes swab dipped in a solution of iodine is treated skin surface. At the end of the operation to re-process the skin near the surgical field, the wound edges are not affected. Gargle used in water diluted solution of iodine, based on a few drops of 50 ml of water. When treating trophic and varicose ulcers   on the damaged surface is applied gauze soaked in iodine. Change the bandage should be twice a day. For the treatment of chronic otitis buried in the ear of 5-8 drops of a solution of potassium iodide, or washing produce diluted solution. Similarly, in chronic inflammation of the tonsils produce flushing of lacunae of tonsils and nadtonizllyarnye space. For oral administration developed special iodine preparations in tablet form, the dosage of which is determined by the nature of the disease, but usually it does not exceed 200 mg per day. To prevent this, you can use half the dose. The alcoholic solution of iodine may also be used for internal use: for this preparation is diluted in milk.

Special instructions:

If the patient inhales a large amount of iodine vapor, it can occur burn the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract, accompanied by laringospazmom . When concentrated iodine solution enters the gastrointestinal tract, it causes severe burns mucosa of the stomach and esophagus. Treatment in this case is gastric lavage Sodium thiosulfate Furthermore, the drug is an antidote is administered intravenously in an amount of 300 milliliters (30% solution). Deadly human dose of iodine - three grams. In no case do not expose iodine in the eye, if it did occur - rinse them and contact the nearest branch of ophthalmology for routine inspection of the conjunctiva.

Drug Interactions:

Care should be taken when combining drugs iodine (to the inside) from diuretics Having a potassium-sparing effect. Because of the iodine-containing drugs include iodine in combination with potassium, the latter when such a combination can accumulate in the body, which is fraught with the onset of symptoms hyperkalemia . And the combination of iodine intake in along with lithium may increase the symptoms of hyperthyroidism and growth goiter.   For external use is not compatible with the solution of ammonia, essential oil, in combination with the mercury forms an explosive mixture.