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Limfoglotochnogo ring up seven tonsils: lingual, pharyngeal and laryngeal tonsils, which are unpaired and paired amygdala - palatal and tube. Of the most frequently inflamed tonsils is the palatine tonsils.
Tonsils are lymphoid organs Which is involved in the formation mechanisms for immunobiological protection. The most active amygdala perform such functions in children. Therefore, a consequence of inflammatory processes in the formation becomes tonsils immunity . But while experts deny the fact that, by removing the tonsils, can adversely affect the human immune system as a whole.
Causes of chronic tonsillitis
The process is repeated very often inflammation of the tonsils, which are caused by exposure to bacterial infections, weakened immunity of the person, and is the development of chronic tonsillitis. The most common chronic tonsillitis occurs as a consequence of exposure adenoviruses . group A streptococcus . aureus . Moreover, if the treatment of chronic tonsillitis is conducted properly, the immune system may also suffer as a result of the disease getting worse. In addition, the development of chronic tonsillitis is due to frequent manifestations acute respiratory disease . scarlet fever . rickets . Measles .
Often, chronic tonsillitis develops in those patients who have long suffered from impaired nasal breathing. Therefore, the cause of this disease can be adenoids Expressed a deviated septum, the anatomical features of the structure of the lower nasal turbinates, presence polyps nose and other reasons.
The factors contributing to the development of tonsillitis, it should be noted the presence of infectious foci in organs that are located nearby. Thus, local tonsillitis causes of teeth may be affected caries . purulent sinusitis . adenoiditis Which has a chronic nature.
Preceded the development of the chronic form of tonsillitis may fail in the functioning of the human immune system, allergic reactions.
Sometimes the reason for the further development of chronic tonsillitis becomes angina being treated without appointments ENT specialist. During treatment of angina patient should necessarily follow a special diet Not eating foods that irritate the mucous membrane. In addition, you should completely give up smoking and drinking alcohol.
Symptoms of chronic tonsillitis
Symptoms of chronic tonsillitis patient first expressed a strong sense of discomfort in the throat - a person can feel the constant presence of a lump. Perhaps the feeling of rawness or a sore throat.
Breath can be felt unpleasant smell, because there is a gradual decomposition of the contents of the lacunae and pus from the tonsils. In addition, symptoms of tonsillitis is a cough, a feeling of malaise, severe fatigue. The man could hardly perform normal work, undergoing bouts of weakness. Sometimes the temperature can be increased, thus increasing performance between the body temperature continues for a long period, and it increases towards the evening time.
As the objective symptoms of tonsillitis doctors isolated a history of angina patients often, purulent cheesy plugs in the gaps of the tonsils, swelling palatal handles. Also expressed hyperthermia arches, as the current is broken blood and lymph next to the inflammatory focus. The patient marks pain in the tonsils, increased their sensitivity. Similar symptoms can be confusing for a person for a long time. Also, the patient increased regional The lymph nodes . If their conduct palpation, the patient observes a manifestation not strong pain.
Chronic tonsillitis may be accompanied by headache, minor pain sensations in the ear, or the appearance of discomfort in the ear.
Forms chronic tonsillitis
In medicine, determined two different forms of tonsillitis. With komprensirovannoy form available exclusively local symptoms of inflammation of the tonsils. When this barrier function due tonsils, the reactivity of the organism and is balanced local inflammation, whereby a person is not observed total pronounced reaction. Thus, it is working protective function of the tonsils, and the bacteria are not spread further. Therefore, the disease is expressed is not particularly strong.
At the same time, decompensated shape occur and the local symptoms of tonsillitis, and at the same time can develop paratonsillar abscess . sore throat . tonsillogenic pathological reactions As well as other ailments several systems and organs.
It is important to note that when any of the forms of chronic tonsillitis may proizoydi infection of the whole organism and develop extensive allergic reaction.
Complications of chronic tonsillitis
In chronic tonsillitis patients often complain of difficulty in nasal breathing, which manifests itself as a result of the constant swelling of the nasal mucosa and cavity.
Because inflamed tonsils can not fully resist infection, it spreads to the tissue surrounding the tonsils. This results in the formation of peritonsillar abscess . Often there is an abscess in the escalating paratonsillar phlegmon neck. This dangerous disease can be fatal.
The infection can gradually also affect the underlying airways, which leads to the manifestation bronchitis and pharyngitis . If the patient holds decompensated form of chronic tonsillitis, changes of internal organs appear more pronounced.
Diagnosed a lot of different internal organs complications that arise as a consequence of chronic tonsillitis. Thus, proven impact on the manifestation of chronic tonsillitis and further for collagen diseases, which include rheumatism . systemic lupus erythematosus . dermatomyositis . rheumatocelis . scleroderma . periarthritis nodosa . polyarthritis .
Due to the existence of the patient frequent sore throats after some time may develop heart disease. In this case, may occur acquired heart disease . endocarditis . myocarditis .
The gastrointestinal tract is also subject to complications due to the spread of infection from inflamed tonsils. It is fraught with development gastritis . peptic ulcer . duodenitis . colitis .
Manifestation dermatosis and very often it is due to pre-existing patients with chronic tonsillitis. This thesis is confirmed in particular by the fact that chronic tonsillitis is often diagnosed in people suffering psoriasis . At the same time there is a clear relationship between exacerbations of tonsillitis and the current activity of psoriasis. It is believed that the treatment of psoriasis must necessarily include the carrying out of tonsillectomy.
Pathological changes in the tonsils are often combined with a non-specific lung diseases. In some cases, the progression of chronic tonsillitis exacerbates pneumonia chronic and greatly exacerbate the disease. Correspondingly, according to experts, pulmanologii to reduce the number of complications in chronic lung ailments should promptly remove the source of infection in the tonsils sky.
Complications of chronic tonsillitis may also be some eye diseases. The poisoning of the human body toxins, which are released as a result of chronic tonsillitis, can greatly ease the accommodative apparatus of the eye. Therefore, to warn myopia Necessary time to eliminate source of infection. Streptococcal infection in chronic tonsillitis may cause the development of Behcet's disease , Which are signs of eye damage.
Moreover, in the long course of chronic tonsillitis form may affect the liver and biliary system. Sometimes also observed kidney disease Provoked by prolonged chronic tonsillitis.
In some cases, patients with chronic tonsillitis observed a variety of disorders of the neuro-endocrine nature. A person can dramatically lose weight or gain excess weight , Had significantly impaired appetite, there is a constant thirst . Women suffer from menstrual cycle disorders in men may decrease potency .
With the development of focal infection in the tonsils sometimes there is a weakening function of the pancreas, which ultimately leads to the destruction process insulin . This can lead to the development of Diabetes . In addition, there is a malfunction of the thyroid gland that provokes a high educational level of hormones.
In addition, the progression of chronic tonsillitis may affect the occurrence of immunodeficiency states.
If chronic tonsillitis develops in young women, it can affect the development of the reproductive organs. Very often, chronic tonsillitis in children is exacerbated in adolescence and the transition from compensated to decompensated form. During this period the child activates the endocrine and reproductive systems. Consequently, there are a variety of disturbances in the process.
Thus, it should be noted that the disease in humans with chronic tonsillitis may develop a variety of complications. It follows that the treatment of chronic tonsillitis in children and adults must be conducted on time and only after the correct diagnosis and the treating physician.
Diagnosis of chronic tonsillitis
To accurately establish the diagnosis, the doctor is guided by a patient some deviations. First of all, this thickened edge of the palatine arches and the presence of hyperthermia, as well as the definition of scar adhesions between the tonsils and palatine arches. In chronic tonsillitis tonsils look loosened or scar-changed. In the present gaps of the tonsils pus or caseous-pus plugs.
Treatment of chronic tonsillitis
Currently, there are relatively few treatments for chronic tonsillitis. In the development of degenerative changes in the tonsils sky lymphoid tissue that makes up normal healthy tonsils, replaced by connective scar. As a result, inflammation occurs and is aggravated intoxication body as a whole. As a consequence, microbes get the entire area of the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract. Therefore, treatment of chronic tonsillitis in children and adults should be directed to the effects on the upper respiratory tract as a whole.
During exacerbation of chronic forms of the disease a decision on how to treat tonsillitis, it should take only a doctor. In the first days of treatment, it is desirable to comply with bed rest. In the complex therapy include reception antibiotics Which are selected based on individual sensitivity to them. Held lavage of lacunas of tonsils with special devices, using a solution furatsilina 0, 1% solution iodine chloride . After that, the gaps tushirovanie 30% alcohol propolis extract .
In addition, widely used physical methods of therapy: ultraviolet irradiation microwave therapy, phonophoresis vitamins lidazy. Today is often used, and other new and innovative methods of treatment of tonsillitis.
Sometimes the doctor may decide to hold the surgical removal of the tonsils - tonsillectomy . However, to remove the tonsils is necessary initially to obtain clear evidence. Thus, surgery is indicated for retsediviruyuschee peritonsillar abscess, and the presence of some related diseases. So if chronic tonsillitis uncomplicated, it is advisable to appoint a conservative combined therapy.
There are several contraindications for tonsillectomy: operation can not do sick leukemia . Hemophilia , The active form of TB . heart disease . jade and other ailments. If it is impossible to make an operation, the patient is sometimes recommended cryogenic method of treatment.
Prevention of chronic tonsillitis
To prevent this disease, care should be taken to nasal breathing was always normal, timely cure all infectious diseases. After angina should conduct preventive flushing of lacunae of tonsils and lubrication agents, who will recommend a doctor. In this case it is possible to use 1% iodo-glycerol 0, 16% gramicidin-glycerol and etc.
It is also a regular hardening as a whole, as well as hardening of the pharyngeal mucosa. To show this morning and evening rinsing pharynx water which is at room temperature. The diet should be present products and foods with a high content of vitamins.
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