Cystitis

April 5, 2012

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Cystitis - A disease in which there is inflammation of the bladder wall. As a rule, it becomes inflamed cystitis mucosa.

It is a disease of the bladder occurs often enough: as evidenced by medical statistics, cystitis affects about 35% of people aged 20 to 45 years. As a rule, most of what is cystitis, learn-by-doing girls and women. This cystitis in men - very rare. Such features of the disease are caused by a difference in the anatomical structure of the urogenital system of representatives of both sexes. Cystitis in women provokes too short length of the urethra, as well as the fact that its opening is located near the anus. Therefore, the bacteria can easily get into the bladder and cause infection. Cystitis occurs most frequently in sexually active women, pregnant women and women who are in the process of menopause.

In general, as evidenced by the doctors, urological diseases among the most frequent it is cystitis.

Causes of cystitis

Symptoms of cystitis occur in humans due to exposure to infections, particularly E. coli . However, quite often inflammation of the bladder is caused by manifestations staphylococcal . enterococcal . streptococcal infections. But for now, experts have proved that the only infection is not a sufficient reason for the existence of cystitis in humans. To cystitis developed, requires the presence of a number of contributing factors that trigger the reduction in the overall resistance of the organism. Among these factors, it should be noted previously transferred infectious disease, cachexia and strong overwork . beriberi   and other reasons.

Cystitis in women is caused by exposure to certain factors. Thus, the disease may occur after previously transferred inflammatory diseases gynecological . Urology   or venereal   character. Often cystitis develops after gonorrhea . urethritis . adeneksita . endometritis and a number of other ailments. Very often these diseases continues to develop cystitis, unless they have been cured completely, or people trying to cure the disease on their own, without consulting a doctor and determine the most appropriate course of therapy.

Also cystitis occurs in the presence of the body of chronic foci of infection. This may be teeth infected caries , Inflammation, chronic nature.

Very often, cystitis is a consequence of a strong hypothermia. Especially likely to develop the disease after hypothermia pelvis. So, a woman can just sit on the cold stones for about twenty minutes, and after a while inflammation of the bladder almost certainly manifest.

In addition, the manifestation of cystitis contributes to a prolonged stay in a sitting position. Therefore, office work, longer stays on the computer, it is important to take short warm-up change and changing position.

Often there is constipation That continues for several days, are also a factor contributing to the further development of cystitis. To prevent the occurrence of cystitis should avoid improper wipe away the after defecation: in order to avoid infection, you need only wipe from front to back, but not vice versa. In menstruating woman should frequently change tampons or pads, as in this case, the risk of infection is also increased.

The cause of cystitis in women may be very close even wearing underwear and tights for a long time. In addition, each woman in order to avoid this unpleasant disease must observe the proper daily regimen of urination. You need to urinate at least five times during the day. After all, at very long intervals between trips to the bathroom can get an infection in the bladder, and as a result, there is inflammation.

In addition, cystitis in women and children is manifested in the presence of other conditions that adversely affect the condition of the human immune system. Thus, the causes of cystitis can be a regular long-term athletic training, causing overvoltage, constant lack of sleep, poor nutrition, constant stress and other reasons.

At the same time the causes of cystitis in men - chronic inflammation of the organs located in the neighborhood. So, cystitis in men can be manifested in inflammation bowel . prostate . eggs   and epididymis . urethra . It is caused, and the following reasons: the presence of obstacles in the urinary tract or an increase in prostate size. Cystitis in men is often a more serious disease than women.

Tuberculous cystitis   a man seen in the development of TB kidneys . In this case, there is a severe clinical picture. Doctors warn that the recent cases of tuberculous cystitis increased considerably due to the increase in the number of tuberculosis cases.

The symptoms of cystitis

The main symptoms of cystitis are expressed very frequent and painful urination. They manifest themselves in most cases after significant exposure. Urinating a man healthy, usually occurs five or six times a day. More frequent trips to the bathroom may indicate that inflammation in the bladder develops. Besides polyuria   (frequent urination) as cystitis symptoms manifested pain during urination, moreover, patients suffer from pain in the abdomen, which have pull character. Patient cystitis cloudy urine, sometimes it is possible to detect an admixture of blood. It is also in the process of urination may feel a burning sensation, a person complains that he can not hold urine.

Acute cystitis t often manifested fever and an increase in body temperature to subfebrile. Sometimes, in this case, there are softly pronounced symptoms of cystitis: patients occur only pain in the abdomen. Acute cystitis can heal yourself: its symptoms disappear after a few days. But most acute cystitis lasts for seven to nine days, it requires the use of proper treatment regimen. However, if the patient's body temperature exceeds 38 degrees, you should immediately consult a urologist to rule out infection of the upper urinary tract.

At chronic form   the disease symptoms of cystitis that causes the disease, which has caused inflammation that develops in the bladder. Furthermore, cystitis symptoms in this case determines and general condition of the sick person. They are broadly similar to the symptoms of acute cystitis, but less clearly expressed.

In chronic cystitis may experience intermittent recurrence of the disease, while the patient is often a time of rest smenivaetsya exacerbations cystitis.

In addition to these forms are sometimes diagnosed sluggish cystitis For which are not characteristic of expressed exacerbation. However, patients still constantly complain about frequent urination, in which there is little pain. In addition, signs of cystitis such forms are periodic jumps in body temperature to subfebrile, and a general feeling of weakness and weakness.

Cystitis in children tend to provoke vomiting and general weakness in the child. The patient becomes irritable, it had decreased appetite, sometimes vomiting occurs. In addition, the child complains of pain when urinating. Having suspected cystitis in children, parents should be sure to consult a doctor because these symptoms are common to other diseases.

Types of cystitis

If cystitis in women and men dramatically manifested in a healthy bladder, in this case, you should talk about primary cystitis . If inflammation of the bladder occurs as a consequence of certain diseases of the bladder, there is a secondary cystitis . In addition, the secondary cystitis develops as a consequence of inflammation of other organs of the urogenital system of the person. In view of the specific features of anatomy and physiology of the primary cystitis often seen in women at a young age. Secondary cystitis in men most often occurs as a consequence of inflammation of the prostate. This disease is typical for older men.

If we consider the nature of the disease, cystitis is usually divided into sharp   and chronic .

In addition, there is a classification of cystitis according to their origin. Advantageously diagnosed cystitis, which have infectious origin . But sometimes there are inflammation of the bladder, which develop as a consequence of chemical influence   (as a consequence of the treatment of certain medical drugs) HAZ   (a consequence of bladder irrigation fluid is too hot). It can cause cystitis burns , and trauma to the bladder mucosa . However, even when such phenomena crucial role in the development of disease infection plays that is operatively joined.

Diagnosis of cystitis

To diagnose cystitis usually easy. Cystitis acute and chronic patients clearly detect the presence of characteristic symptoms, so a specialist, carrying out a detailed survey may suggest such a diagnosis. It is also important to study the history of the patient, as in chronic cystitis also occurs illness that preceded it.

If the specialist suspects a patient cystitis, urine should be analyzed and the results make it possible to determine the presence of inflammation. The diagnosis of "cystitis" is confirmed if the patient present in urine leukocytes Pathogenic microorganisms. To determine the nature of the disease in more detail, the doctor prescribes a patient study by cystoscopy   and cystography . Such a survey to determine how widespread inflammatory process, learn whether tumors or bladder stones. In addition, cystography determines the characteristic changes in tuberculous cystitis. It is important to study all the time and in full, because the symptoms are manifested in cystitis, can testify and other diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract.

Treatment of cystitis

In the treatment of cystitis is primarily the doctor prescribes antibiotics to get rid of the infection in the bladder and stop the development of inflammation. When assigning antibiotic therapy is also important to take into account the need to receive anti-inflammatory agents. Furthermore, in some cases the physician considers appropriate long-term use of drugs which stimulate the blood supply to the bladder. Such preparations should take no less than thirty days. Also in the complex treatment includes reception blockers to relieve the urge.

In the treatment of chronic cystitis, it is important, first of all, to cure the disease that caused the transition to a chronic form of cystitis. In this case, similar to the complex therapy includes anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs as well as vitamins, drugs that improve blood flow to the bladder. Frequently used methods of physical therapy. Sometimes protracted chronic cystitis patient's bladder shrinks and shrinks. In this case, only surgical treatment of the disease.

Complications cystitis

The most common and dangerous complication of cystitis becomes ascending pyelonephritis . In acute inflammation of the bladder violated its functions are broken as a result, appears vesicoureteral reflux. When such a phenomenon in the process of bladder contractions occur getting urine into the ureter and renal pelvis even. Due to the swelling of the mucous membrane is compressed intramural department, and the passage of urine is disrupted. The result is increased pressure in the pelvis, and the patient begins acute pyelonephritis . To treat such a complication is necessary only in a specialized hospital.

Cystitis in pregnancy

Cystitis at pregnancy   manifested due to the general decrease the body's defenses are women. In the process of carrying a child is a disease often proceeds very hard. According to statistics, cystitis pregnancy occurs in 10% of cases. At the same time suffer from this disease is mainly women who previously, before pregnancy, is already ill cystitis. If a woman holds a chronic form of cystitis is due to lower immunity during pregnancy, the disease escalates. Cystitis occurs during pregnancy and on the background of a dramatic shift in hormonal levels, changes in the microflora in the vagina.

A very important point is considered to be the correct approach to the treatment of cystitis in pregnancy. It is very dangerous for pregnant women is a self-treatment and neglect as such. For cystitis due to the peculiarities of functioning of the body of a pregnant woman can lead to further development of more dangerous diseases. In addition, no treatment of the disease may further have an influence on the process of birth, complicating their course. Women who ignored the symptoms of cystitis in pregnancy, most babies born with low birth weight.

If a pregnant woman is shown acute cystitis, it is recommended to comply with bed rest. It is important to drink plenty of fluids to completely eliminate from the diet of spicy food, reduce the amount of salt. But the most important rule in this case states that a pregnant woman to treat cystitis should always be under the supervision of a doctor.

Prevention of cystitis

As preventive measures, it is important to prevent the manifestation of the factors that are the causes of cystitis. Not to learn from their own experience what cystitis, it is important to avoid a sharp and prolonged exposure to cold, not to delay the emptying of the bladder. Health genitals, as well as preventing sexual transmission is crucial for the prevention of cystitis. People who spend most time working in a sitting position, must necessarily diversify their periodic minute warm day. It should be time to treat all inflammatory diseases, and the treatment should be appointed specialist and conducted completely.