Cervicitis

October 17, 2012

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Cervicitis   - A disease in which the woman developed inflammatory infectious processes in the cervix. In order to more accurately define the essence of this disease, you need to know about the structure of sex organs woman's uterus. Uterine cervix continues body located between the vagina and the uterine cavity. Cervical canal   It extends centrally and connects the cervix uterus and vagina. The cervix contains a mucus plug which prevents microorganisms from the external environment to penetrate into the internal reproductive organs.

Causes of cervicitis

The main cause of cervicitis are   diseases that are transmitted sexually . With the development of a specific disease, sexually transmitted, occurs gradually thinning thick mucus, resulting in inflammation of the mucous membrane begins. After that, the infection begins to spread to the base of the cervix. In view of these changes the microbes slowly get into the uterus, appendages, and later spread to the bladder, kidneys and other organs. As a result, in the pelvic cavity of women develop pathological conditions, down to peritonitis .

If the main cause of cervicitis in women considered venereal disease , Doctors also secrete a number of factors that contribute to this disease. The risk of cervicitis is significantly increased if the woman was infected with a virus Herpes   or human papilloma virus . Cervicitis can overtake Woman at a time when it is just beginning an active sexual life. Also cervicitis cervix can occur as a consequence of mechanical or chemical stimuli (talking about contraceptives or sanitary facilities). In some cases the inflammatory process occurs as a result of allergic reactions to latex, other components of the contraceptive or for personal hygiene.

Factors causing the disease, is also attenuated immunity   due to other somatic illnesses. In addition, cervicitis may develop as a result of injuries sustained in the course of abortion   or delivery   (in this case it is important to take in all the qualitative ruptures of the perineum and cervix, resulting in the birth process), with omission of the genitals in women. Also, the disease often affects women who have entered menopause.

All of the above reasons encourage active reproduction of microorganisms, related to the group opportunistic   ( staphylococci . streptococci . enterococci . Escherichia coli ). In the normal state of women's health such microorganisms are present in the microflora of the vagina.

Symptoms of cervicitis

The most common symptoms of cervicitis in women almost do not appear or appear only erased the signs of the disease. Did the periodic appearance of small vaginal discharge, which mostly have a slimy character. If a woman develops gonorrheal cervicitis Then highlight acquire a yellow tinge, if the disease is accompanied trichomoniasis , Allocation will be foamy. At thrush vaginal discharge   acquire cheesy consistency. As a rule, more intense highlight when cervicitis there in the first days after the month ended.

Also, the patient noted the presence of cervicitis periodic discomforts in the lower abdomen. However, with accompanying diseases that are sexually transmitted, feelings may be more intense. Thus, depending on the disease, the pain can be both blunt and strong cutting. A woman suffering from cervicitis may feel discomfort or pain immediately after sexual intercourse. Sometimes after sex is allocated a small amount of blood or pinkish discharge. Another symptom - the urge to urinate, which subsequently turn out to be false. A woman can deliver worry itching and irritation of genitals, burning sensation during urination in.

However, all these symptoms are not in all cases of cervicitis. Therefore, it is understandable that zerwitzit identify the patient by chance during a routine inspection in the study of other diseases.

If the infection spreads and affects other organs, symptoms become pronounced: in a patient with fever, she was concerned about headaches, nausea, fainting and may experience very severe abdominal pain. In this case, you should immediately seek medical help.

Types of cervicitis

First of all, experts are divided on zerwitzit infectious   and noninfectious   form of the disease. Still more frequently diagnosed infectious cervicitis caused by diseases that are sexually transmitted. In turn, causes infectious forms of the disease are often injury, the presence of tumors, chemical or radiation exposure.
According to the localization of the disease to distinguish between endocervicitis   (in this case it is the inflammation of the mucous membrane of the cervical canal) and ekzotservitsit   (affected vaginal part of the cervix).

The disease can be both sharp And chronic . If timely treatment of the disease has not been undertaken, it is developing a chronic cervicitis. Evaluation type pathogen allows you to select specific   and nonspecific   cervicitis.

Complications Cervicitis

For a long time the disease can it does not adversely affect the general condition of the woman. However, if cervicitis becomes chronic, the process of disease progression and differentiation violated the integrity of the epithelium of the cervical canal and vaginal part of the cervix. Against the background of such violations often develops cervical erosion Eventually turning into dysplasia. If inflammation of the cervix continues for a long time, the properties of the cervical mucus changes. The result of these pathological changes could be infertility . Endocervicitis can cause impaired patency of the cervical canal. In the absence of adequate treatment may further spread of infection, resulting in adnexitises   and endometritis . Also, when the spread of infection can cause cervicitis pyelonephritis   and peritonitis . If cervicitis combined with oncogenic human papillomavirus types, significantly increases the risk of cancer tumors in the cervix.

For women with chronic cervicitis often show persistent pain in the pelvic area. In addition, the disease can lead to Ectopic pregnancy and , Miscarriages and other complications during childbearing and delivery.

Diagnostics

Diagnosing primary cervicitis may already during gynecological examination of the cervix in the mirrors. This examination shows the presence of redness and swelling. While touching bleeding can sometimes gynecologist notes the presence of purulent discharge, erosions, petechial hemorrhages. If accurate diagnosis during the inspection fails, held kolkoskopiya. When the image is available surface of the cervix is ​​several times larger. This study helps to detect the smallest defects in the mucosa.

Besides these studies a patient with suspected cervicitis necessarily conduct research secretions to identify the nature of the bacterial flora. Also it carried out taking smear and culture to determine the type of pathogen and antibiotic sensitivity. To eliminate cancer pathology is performed taking a smear onkotsitologiyu.

As more research is also practiced an overall analysis of urine and blood tests and studies, allowing to exclude a number of sexually transmitted diseases, HIV test. Determine whether there are complications, allows an ultrasound of the pelvic organs.

Treatment of cervicitis

In the first stage of the disease is important to drug therapy to eliminate the causative agent. In this case, treatment is given depending on the information obtained due to microbiological investigations. If a woman is diagnosed specific cervicitis , The treatment of this form of the disease is carried drugs that effectively fight a specific type of bacteria. If cervicitis provoked Trichomonas   or bacteria . The woman is assigned a course of antibiotics. In the second stage of treatment is important to ensure adequate restoration of the microflora in the vagina. For this purpose, the candles bifikol . atsilakt . vagilak . laktobakterin   and others. Also, the doctor prescribes the patient taking a multivitamin, drugs that enhance the immune system medicines. In addition, at this stage, some effective methods of physical therapy. They must choose the doctor, taking into account the individual characteristics of the female organism. If the cervix is ​​deformed after the treatment is carried out plastic surgery of the body.

Sometimes the drug treatment does not completely eliminate the problem. In this case, the woman is assigned to conduct cryotherapy, electrocautery or a doctor uses a laser. All of these procedures are performed under local anesthesia. But these treatments when cervicitis used very rarely, as antibiotics and antiviral agents, in most cases produces the desired effect. Such procedures recommended by the doctor in the case of the frequent recurrence of cervicitis, as they allow you to remove the abnormal cells.

Women who have chronic cervicitis diagnosed during menopause, untreated hormonal therapy   as suppositories, creams. After treatment Carry out research to determine the effectiveness of therapy.

Prevention cervicitis

To prevent symptoms of cervicitis, the woman should be sure to have regular checkups at the gynecologist, allowing to reveal cervicitis and other diseases at the earliest stages. It is important to avoid abortion, stick to a monogamous relationship type, leading a sexual life with only one regular partner. To prevent infection with sexually transmitted diseases, use a condom if there is a possibility that the partner is a source of infection.

No less important is sure to provide an effective and timely treatment of sexually transmitted diseases And other diseases of the genitourinary system. A woman should not allow the existence of the omission of the genitals, in the case of time addressing these symptoms for medical assistance. Particular attention should be paid to strengthening the immune system, periodically taking vitamins, practicing sports and hardening, strengthening the body. The correct approach to personal hygiene is also an effective method of prevention. Doctors recommend women not to use hygiene products with flavors as they may contain ingredients that irritate the mucous membrane.

During menopause women for the prevention of urogenital diseases in some cases, it is recommended to take drugs containing hormones.