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The preparation penicillin - It is one of the major products in the group antibiotics . Penicillin bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects on a variety of microorganisms. Particularly sensitive to the effects of different antibiotic streptococci . gonokokki . pneumococci . meningococcus , Pathogens Tetanus . anthrax . gas gangrene . Diphtheria Some pathogenic strains of staphylococci and Proteus .
However, this drug does not have the desired effect in fighting bacteria enteric typhoid-dysentery group . pertussis . TB . fridlenderovskimi . Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Agents of other diseases.
The greatest effect is observed after administration of the drug intramuscularly. In this case, he quickly gets into the blood, where the largest concentration of penicillin is observed after 30-60 minutes after administration. Thereafter, it enters into the muscles, lungs, joint cavity. In the cerebrospinal fluid gets only a very small proportion of the drug. Because of this the treatment of patients with meningitis . encephalitis It uses a combination of medication - and endolyumbalno intramuscular method. The abdominal cavity and the pleural cavity, a drug administered intramuscular route, falls short. He is well passes through the placenta to the fetus.
Indications and methods of use of the drug:
Penicillin is actively used in the treatment of septicemia , Pneumococcal, meningococcal and other gonococcal infections, a number of extensive and deep localized infections. It is administered after healing, and since the operation in order to prevent complications with severe burns, brain abscess . purulent meningitis . gonorrhea . abrasions . syphilis . sycosis , Inflammation of the eye and ear.
Penicillin is also used during the treatment of focal and lobar pneumonia, acute sepsis cholecystitis . cholangitis Septic endocarditis . Patients with rheumatism Drugs prescribed for treatment and prevention.
Penicillin is also used for the treatment of newborns and infants with umbilical sepsis . pyosepticemia septic and toxic diseases. It is prescribed for otitis . scarlet fever a form of septic, septic diphtheria toxic forms in Pleuropulmonary processes, purulent pleurisy and meningitis .
Penicillin used intramuscular, subcutaneous and intravenous method. Also, it is introduced into the cavities, via inhalation, in the spinal canal, sublingual, and also in the form of drops to the eye and nose, rinses, washes, rinses.
After intramuscular administration is very rapid absorption of penicillin in the blood. However, after three or four hours of penicillin from the blood disappears. For this reason to maintain the desired level of concentration of drug in the blood penicillin administered in three to four hours.
For therapy Syphilis . gonorrhea . cerebrospinal meningitis . pneumonia Penicillin is used under the scheme, specially chosen doctor.
Contraindications to the use of penicillin:
Do not use the drug for people with high sensitivity to the tool, as well as sulfonamides , Other antibiotics. Contraindication to treatment with penicillin is bronchial asthma . hives , Hay fever and other allergic reactions. During therapy, pregnant women can manifest sensitization of the organism to penicillin. It is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol during treatment with this drug.
In most cases, side effects of the treatment means penitsillinsoderzhaschimi occur in allergic reactions. During the initial application of penicillin allergic reactions occur mainly in those who suffer from allergies. The skin may appear erythema , Rash, urticaria urtikaropodobnye rash . Also, may occur makulёznye . vezikulёznye . pustular rash , Exfoliative dermatitis (sometimes life-threatening).
In the respiratory organs can be manifested rhinitis . laringofaringit . pharyngitis . bronchial asthma . asthmatic bronchitis .
In the gastrointestinal tract may experience allergic symptoms, which are expressed in nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, diarrhea.
Serious complications in the application of penicillin can be anaphylactic shock . It occurs regardless of the dose, and in severe cases can be fatal. In view of this prior to treatment with penicillin is necessary to pay attention to all the historical data on the use of penicillin and the reactions to this drug.
Also, during treatment with penicillin can develop dysbiosis due to exposure to penicillin is not only pathogens but also in the non-pathogenic microbes. In the end, it destroyed the natural antagonism microbial associations in the body.
During the suppression of bacteria, fungi penicillin antagonists contribute to the creation of positive conditions for yeast-like flora . Candidiasis It can be both acute and chronic.
Specific recommendations:
It is mandatory before the start of treatment with penicillin is necessary to conduct tests for susceptibility. Keep penicillin should be in a dark, dry place at low temperature.
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