September 2, 2012
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Ovarian cyst of its structure is a cavity in which there is the liquid contents. The emergence of such a cavity occurs as a result of fluid retention and its increased secretion. Actually, the word " cyst "Comes from Greek and means" bubble ". Cyst wall forms a small layer of cells which also secrete fluid. Accordingly, a cyst on the ovary is gradually increasing.
Features of ovarian cysts
Cyst - a benign, but in some rare cases, a cyst is a sign that a woman develops ovarian cancer . Some cysts are congenital. An example of this - dermoid cyst of the ovary . Yet in most cases, ovarian cysts on already manifest in life. Usually the cyst is a cavity which has a diameter of about 15-20 centimeters.
Basically a cyst on the ovary diagnosed in young girls and women. Those women who have attained 50 years, much less likely to suffer from ovarian cysts. According to the statistics, which doctors say, about a third of the cyst occurs in women who have a menstrual cycle is regular. About half the cyst seen in women who have chronically irregular menstruation.
Cysts can be formed in two different ways: as a result of blockage of ductless glands and the subsequent accumulation of secretions, as well as in the case of formation of a new oral fluid. Almost all tissues of the body can undergo transformation into the cyst.
Types of ovarian cysts
Cysts are usually subdivided into Organic and functional . In the formation of the woman functional Cysts can speak about its temporary nature. Such formations occur as a consequence of small disturbances in the functioning of the ovary. Generally, the detection of this form of cysts the patient is assigned to receive oral hormonal drugs, and then after a while the cyst self-destructs.
In the formation Organic cysts require a serious approach to treatment. This form of the cyst does not go away on their own. As a rule, for its treatment of surgery performed. When organic cyst capsule is more dense.
In addition, some stand out certain types of cysts, in which different approaches to treatment. Follicular ovarian cysts It occurs in women as a consequence of hormonal imbalance in the body. The cyst is formed from the preovulatory follicle. Usually such formations occur when the endocrine nature, as well as problems with metabolism. This type of cyst is mainly common in women of reproductive age, much less follicular cysts are diagnosed in women in menopause.
In most cases of follicular cysts clinical manifestation is not observed. But sometimes a woman with a diagnosis of notes that menstruation is constantly delayed, and occasionally lower abdominal pain is felt.
Sometimes this form cysts there are some complications that negatively displayed on the well-being of women. This may be the walls of the cysts rupture, torsion legs, bleeding directly into the cyst cavity. In these pathological manifestations of being a woman is deteriorating. She suffers from nausea, vomiting, severe abdominal pain. When torsion leg cysts education itself may increase due to impaired venous blood flow.
Corpus luteum cyst It is the formation of a functional nature. For the corpus luteum cyst is characterized by thicker walls, its diameter can be from 2 to 7 cm. This form is similar to a cyst corpus luteum. The disease develops in the second phase of the menstrual cycle, after ovulation. The severity of symptoms in the development of the corpus luteum cyst in a woman is not observed. After a few months there is regression of the cyst.
Development gemorrogicheskoy cysts - A consequence of hemorrhage, which occurred inside the corpus luteum cyst or follicular cyst.
Endometrioid cyst ovarian growth appears provided ovarian tissue mucosa of the inner layer of the wall. The cyst is filled with the form of dark fluid or blood. It may even reach a diameter of 20 cm. Typically, such formation occurs in women suffering from endometriosis .
Dermoid cyst of the ovary formed from derivatives of germ layers . Most often, this is a single chamber cyst formation, in rare cases, it is a multi-chamber . Its capsule is very dense, fibrous . Surface - smooth and shiny . The dermoid cyst containing different tissues, having a form of non-homogeneous mass . When is the investigation of the contents of the cyst under a microscope, it is often found elements of germ layers . Basically, this form of cysts are diagnosed in young women . Sometimes, it can reach up to 15 cm in diameter . This is a benign ovarian cyst formation, and the woman with a cyst rarely expressed complaints related to its manifestations . Very rarely can a sensation of heaviness or discomfort in the abdomen . As complications sometimes occur torsion leg cysts, which are marked with the severe pain in the abdomen and general signs of severe state . In this case, a decision is made on the immediate surgery .
Mucinous cyst epithelial tumor is benign. The cyst cavity is mucin - slizeobrazny secret epithelium. This cyst is characterized rough surface. Sometimes it increases to particularly large and thus has not one, but multiple cameras.
In serous ovarian cyst capsule lines the serous epithelium. Inside the capsule filled with clear liquid, which has a light straw color. This tumor is also benign.
Women who are diagnosed endocrine disease sometimes suffer from symptoms polikistozopodobnogo ovary . However, this pathology is typical for healthy women. On the outside there are many ovarian cysts, while it increases in size. However ovary syndrome polikistozopodobnogo should be clearly distinguished from polycystic ovary syndrome.
Forming cystic adenoma (this is also referred to as education cystadenoma Or kistadenomoy ) Comes directly from ovarian tissue. This cyst may eventually grow to an impressive size - about 30 cm in diameter.
Symptoms of ovarian cysts
Doctors are divided on the symptoms of the cyst primary and secondary . As a rule, most of the primary symptoms of ovarian cysts do not appear: the woman is no change in the general state of health, the menstrual cycle is relatively regular. Detect cysts is possible only with careful gynecological examination. Symptoms of ovarian cysts in some cases, pain may occur in the lower abdomen, which a woman feels or during menstruation, or about the middle of the menstrual cycle. Sometimes the pain may be given in the groin or thigh.
Secondary symptoms in the case where there is a torsion legs cyst. Twisting through the intestinal loop, the cyst can cause bowel obstruction . In this case, the symptoms are more pronounced: a woman can celebrate that she had seen bleeding, seizures, severe pain, high fever, recurrent vomiting. When symptoms such operation must be done immediately.
Secondary symptoms of cysts can also occur violations of the menstrual cycle. Changing nature of menstruation and they are becoming ever more scarce or too abundant. If the cyst has increased very strongly, that, accordingly, the patient inflates the abdomen, and usually swelling is asymmetrical. In addition, a large cyst may adversely affect the functioning of other organs.
The most severe outcome of the cyst may be running peritonitis Arising in the separation of the cyst and it gets into the abdominal cavity.
Complications of ovarian cysts
If the treatment of ovarian cysts will not be implemented in due time, in some cases, the consequence of the disease can be severe complications. First of all, the risk of development of oncological diseases. Therefore, gynecologists make every effort to promptly identify the cyst and to ensure the correct approach to therapy.
Torsion of a cyst - another unpleasant complication that is fraught with the manifestation of acute inflammation and associated symptoms. Sometimes, due twisting the woman is completely removed ovaries and fallopian tubes. Endometrioid ovarian cyst rupture is often subjected to. In this case, you must make an emergency operation. Another serious complication of a cyst infertility .
Diagnosis of ovarian cysts
The diagnosis of "ovarian cyst" can be set with some informative methods. In particular, ovarian cysts detected by regular gynecological examinations. The gynecologist discovers enlarged epididymis and the sensation of pain in the abdomen.
For more detailed information the patient is assigned to an ultrasound. Periodic ultrasound allows us to monitor how ovarian cyst is formed, and whether its decrease. If there is suspicion of complications of the cyst, the patient foreseeing posterior vaginal fornix puncture, allowing determine if blood or other fluid in the abdominal cavity.
Laparoscopy allows you to obtain reliable information about the development of cysts. This technique is also sometimes used in the treatment process.
If you suspect that a cancer patient is assigned to conduct a special blood test that allows to determine the content in the body of so-called tumor markers. In addition, a study of blood clotting, and also determined the content Hemoglobin .
If you need to confirm the purity or malignant cyst, patients underwent magnetic resonance or computed tomography.
Treatment of ovarian cysts
If the diagnosis confirms that the ovarian cyst is benign, and while it does not adversely affect other organs, sometimes the doctor decides that the cyst should not be disturbed. If there is a particular risk of a negative impact on the internal organs of a specialist or holds a puncture cyst, or appoint surgery.
When deciding on the tactics of treatment of ovarian cysts, the doctor must take into account the form of the disease, as well as all the characteristics of the patient.
Thus, treatment of a dermoid ovarian cyst is carried out only by the operative method. Sometimes it carried out on-line access via laparoscopy. In the treatment of younger women special attention is paid to remove only the tumor. At the same time, those women who already are in the postmenopausal age, sometimes a cyst removed along with the uterus appendages.
After such an operation is necessary for patient follow-up for at least one year. However, there is a good prognosis.
If the cause of the cysts are hormonal disorders, for the normalization of the woman must take a course of oral contraceptives. Cyst of the corpus luteum of the ovary and follicular cysts is cured with use of oral contraceptives. It is important that the drug is selected only the treating physician, taking into account all the features of the female body.
In some cases, as expedient course of treatment with anti-inflammatory effects. Watching the doctor is a woman for several menstrual cycles. If the tumor has not disappeared, should be surgery to remove the cyst.
Every woman needs to understand the fact that the removal of cysts is carried out with a relatively simple operation. Therefore it does not need to be afraid. Currently, to remove cysts most often used laparoscopy. Doctor using special tools and multiple increase, removes only the cyst, while healthy tissue is minimal injured.
All tumors are not included in the above categories cysts are at disposal in order to avoid complications.
Once a woman has made the operation, treatment practices, which positively affect the recovery of the menstrual cycle. This reception vitamins . nootropics , and contraceptives for three months.
Treatment of ovarian cysts folk remedies
There are also traditional recipes means that you can apply. Treatment of cysts folk remedies carried out only under the control vracha.Effektivnuyu tincture can be prepared by mixing one tablespoon of chopped herbs tarragon and birch buds and add to the mix a little red pepper and one crushed aloe leaf. All of this is filled with half a liter of vodka and infuse for ten days. The mixture was consumed in about half an hour before eating one tablespoon three times a day.
It is also recommended to undergo treatment special charges, consisting of the following plants: black walnut leaves, herb verbena, black elderberry, grass succession, leaves, peach and licorice root. A mixture of crushed plants need to pour boiling water and infuse for about an hour. Drink the mixture should be a third cup three times a day. The course of treatment lasts for such a collection of ten days, followed by a five-day break. After the break the ten-day course is repeated twice more.
Practiced as the use of tampons with honey and onions. To make these tampons, you need to take an onion and dip it completely in honey. This should be done in the morning to the evening onions soaked with honey. From the leaves of onion is a tampon that is put into the vagina at night. The procedure must be repeated ten times.
Ovarian cysts are treated as tincture of peony. It can be purchased at the pharmacy. Before taking Don teaspoon of tincture is mixed with one teaspoon of water. The medicine received in the same time three times a day for ten days.
Yet another recipe - treatment of ovarian cysts using an alcohol tincture of walnuts. To prepare it, you need to take the shells and walls of walnuts, pour half a liter of vodka. The infusion is prepared for seven days, after which it should be dark brown. During the month, every day should take one tablespoon of this medication.
Ovarian cysts and pregnancy
If a woman applies for maternity consciously, then before getting pregnant, she carefully checks the state of their health. If the doctor finds the patient cyst, she immediately recommended to take the appropriate course of treatment. For some forms of ovarian cysts may adversely affect the developing pregnancy and even the process of conception. If the cyst is formed as a result of the functioning of the ovary, then for two or three months, it disappears on its own, and does not affect conception. However, if the ovarian cysts and pregnancy are combined, the doctor must constantly monitor the status of women and the process of development of cysts.
Letting can conceive endometrioid cyst and polycystic ovaries . In such cases, it is important to undergo any medical treatment, or to get rid of the cyst through surgery.
If ovarian cysts reveal itself during pregnancy, the doctor can not guarantee that a pregnancy will take place without complications. The fact is that during the childbearing woman there are certain changes in the body, and the cyst is growing more intense. In addition, the risk of symptoms of complications: torsion, rupture. So sometimes the doctors make the decision on carrying out the operation in the event that the gestational age greater than 16 weeks.
Prevention of ovarian cysts
Preventive measures in the present case consists in preventing the causes that directly wag on the manifestation of an ovarian cyst. We are talking about abortion, hormonal imbalance and endocrine diseases, genital infections, inflammations. It should take all measures to avoid the development of diseases, leading to the formation of cysts. In addition, an important aspect of prevention is regular visits to a specialist gynecologist.
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