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How to get rid of the pink lichen?

July 2, 2011

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 How to get rid of the pink lichen?  Among the most common dermatologic diseases include Pink zoster , Also known as the zoster Gibert . Having found on his body scattering of round pink spots, one wonders whether it is necessary to immediately go to the doctor or take place itself? Ringworm does not threaten life, does not cause pain, but it does not mean that it should not really pay attention. Shingles can cause a harmless is not harmless skin diseases such as eczema, various forms of pyoderma.

Fortunately, pink zoster - this is the type of disease, the treatment of which can do folk remedies worked in the course of centuries. Most of them are suitable for combating not only pink, but other more dangerous types of lichen.

The basis of national treatment is the use of the beneficial properties of plants. The most simple and affordable medicine - broth buckwheat . Prepare its simple. Groats cook as usual, but do not allow water to soak and rub her skin lesions. Very quickly and effectively cope with ringworm tincture of calendula , Pressed onion juice . Burr oil . Water hellebore .

The method of treatment when choosing any means the same - the healing liquid to moisten a clean bandage or cotton pad and two or three times a day to wet abundantly lishaynyh spots . With water hellebore should be handled very carefully, because it is very poisonous.


Effectiveness of medicinal ointment can prepare yourself by mixing a decoction of the roots and seeds of sorrel and sour cream. This ointment helps to reduce zoster in a few days; and when it is used treatment of herpes . Also the people to fight against ringworm finished oil of sea buckthorn, wild rose, St. John's wort.

It helps get rid of lichen healing baths . The water is added to a decoction of oats or blackcurrant leaves. Daily intake of a bath to quickly destroy all traces of the disease.
It has an excellent therapeutic effect decoction of Stachys. They can not only rub the skin, but also to drink as a fortifying agent.

Ringworm It requires special attention to personal hygiene. Water procedures should be carried out cautiously, wash in warm (not hot!) Water, do not use hard sponges, soap, which dry out the skin. For washing is better to take special lotions recommended for dermatological diseases (calamine and menthol).

Also, as with any problems with a dermatologist, you should refuse synthetic underwear   and clothes to wear better things from cotton and linen fabrics. Thus, traditional medicines and compliance with hygiene standards is enough to once and for all get rid of the pink lichen.

Cervical disease and methods of treatment

September 14th, 2012

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 Cervical disease and methods of treatment  Cervical disease   in the world today common among women. In this trend towards a decrease in their number is not observed. Basically, these diseases are typical for young women who are in their reproductive years.

Features of cervical disease

Diseases of the cervix can be subdivided into several groups: precancerous . Malignant . inflammatory   and background   disease.

Background disease Which include ectopia of the cervix . leukoplakia . erosion . congenital ectopia . Cervical polyps They have a different pathogenesis. Cervix cover two different types of epithelium. Vaginal part of the cervix forms a flat stratified epithelium, and in the cervical canal is lined with a single layer cylindrical epithelium. Between these layers is part of the cervix, which is the transformation zone Project Name. It most often develop pathological conditions.

Cervical disease of this type can be manifested not only in women of reproductive age as a significant change in the female body that occur in adolescence and menopause, sometimes cause pathologies.

Baseline disease rarely turn into a malignant form. Yet constant medical supervision and treatment of such diseases must necessarily practiced.


Precancerous disease   cervix - a pathological process, which over time can lead to the development of malignant disease. All these diseases are considered to be a certain degree of cervical dysplasia . Specific symptoms of these diseases does not show: all symptoms of comorbidities cause reproductive system.

Cancers disease   cervical cancer diagnosed as a consequence of changes in the epithelium of the cervix. Malignant disease is always preceded by premalignant disease. Oncological pathology develops mainly in the area of ​​transformation of the epithelium. Increasing the number of cases cervical cancer   directly related to the irregular preventive visit to a gynecologist.

Inflammatory disease   cervix - a certain species of genital infections that occur as a result of infection with pathogens such diseases.

Ectopic cervical

With the development of this disease in women columnar epithelium is moved to the vaginal area of ​​the cervix. Sometimes this disease is also called pseudo. Determined by the type of congenital and acquired diseases. Several times more often ectopia of the cervix   diagnosed in women with disrupted menstrual cycles.

Particularly if symptoms ectopic patients is observed in some cases increasing the number cables It appears spotting after sexual intercourse. During the examination, the doctor determines the presence of bright red area, which has an irregular shape. Treating doctor selects individually. If there is a uncomplicated psevdoeoroziya, the specialist may be limited to regular supervision and conduct the necessary research.

Ectropion of the cervix

 Cervical disease and methods of treatment  In this state, a woman's muscle fibers to rupture occurs eversion cervical mucosa for cervical vaginal area. Most often this pathology manifests itself in women after delivery . abortion , Diagnostic procedures. In this case we are talking about a combination of scarring and pseudo. Women with this disease do not express complaints about the severe symptoms of the disease. Treatment, if necessary, performed surgically.

Leukoplakia of the cervix

This disease is characterized by the emergence of local processes keratinization multilayered epithelium. They may have different degrees of severity. Furthermore, different simple   and proliferative leukoplakia . In the latter case, there is also a cell atypia. This state already refers to precancerous cervical ailments.

Leukoplakia occurs in women as a consequence of immune and endocrine factors, exposure to infections, and is a consequence of injuries. There are no clear symptoms of this disease are not observed. In the process of diagnosis of the disease is carried out not only cytology, but biopsy   followed by histological examination.

Erythroplakia cervix

For this disease is characterized by atrophy of the local stratified squamous epithelium, due to which it becomes thinner. When erythroplakia observed the appearance of red spots on the ectocervix. Until today there is no accurate data on the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease. For the treatment used different techniques to destroy hearth disease.

Cervical polyps

Develops on the mucous cervical canal. These outgrowths covered epithelium divided into ferruginous   and epidermizirovannye . They have a bright pink color, leaf-or oblong shape. In the diagnosis of this disease is important to differentiate it with large endometrial polyps. To diagnose polyps can be via ultrasound. Polyps are removed using a method that is selected individually.

Endometriosis Cervical

Endometriosis Cervical - Malaise, development in which the tissue is close to the endometrium, located in the vaginal area of ​​the cervix, while in the normal tissue must be positioned so solely in the uterine cavity. This form of endometriosis diagnosed relatively rare. The main factors that trigger the disease, cervical injuries are obtained during childbirth, and diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, e.g., biopsy. The severity of symptoms of endometriosis is not observed, but sometimes this pathology manifested bloody discharge after sexual intercourse, and before menstruation and after.

Diagnosis of the disease is carried out using kolkospkopii, if necessary, shall be appointed as a biopsy of the cervix. After the diagnosis, doctors sometimes come to the conclusion that the treatment of endometriosis, cervical patient can not appoint.

Cervical cancer

 Cervical disease and methods of treatment  As the etiology and pathogenesis of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer are the same. One of the major causes of such pathologies is human papilloma virus . Approximately 90% of cases of varying degrees of dysplasia and cervical cancers in the body, the patient has HPV. Precancerous lesions may progress to cancer over a period of two to ten years. It is therefore very important to detect the early stages of dysplasia and to provide adequate treatment.

If a woman does not mark dysplasia symptoms severe symptoms. Therefore, diagnosis of disease involves a histological examination in order to obtain accurate information.

Tactics of treatment of cancer and precancerous conditions is determined according to age, stage of disease. Approximately half of the cases of mild cervical dysplasia is assigned only to regular monitoring, as the disease is cured on their own. When dysplasia is often administered cone biopsy of the cervix produced using different techniques. Treatment of cancer is appointed with all the individual characteristics of a disease.

Diagnosis of diseases of the cervix

Some pathological phenomena in the cervical specialist can detect during a simple gynecological examination. However, inspection of the cervix in this instance is unavailable. In addition, few expressed pathology of the cervix can also stay out of the attention of a specialist.

For a more precise diagnosis used other techniques. So-called Schiller   - A process of coloring the vaginal portion of the cervix preparations containing iodine . If healthy areas are under the influence of iodine brown, in places that were left unpainted, there are certain diseases.

Kolkoskopiya cervix provides images magnified several dozen times with a special tool - a colposcope. Sometimes during this research experts apply additional tests.

Microcolposcopy method makes it possible to obtain an image, which will increase by hundreds of times. Hence, thus it is possible to adequately evaluate cell morphology.

In the process of diagnosis is also commonly used cytology smears under a microscope. Cervical cytology provides the ability to determine how high the risk at this stage of transition precancerous condition in cancer. However, the disadvantage of this method is considered to be its low sensitivity.

If the above methods do not allow accurate diagnosis, the doctor decides to proceed with a biopsy of the cervix. Also, an additional method of diagnosis could be ultrasound.

How to treat cervical disease

 Cervical disease and methods of treatment  In the treatment of various diseases of the cervix are used by both local and general treatments for ailments. It is important that the procedure was performed by experienced doctors who have sufficient knowledge to provide individualized treatment approach. Before starting any type of treatment should be to conduct a full examination and a correct diagnosis.

In some diseases, particularly for cervical dysplasia, women are prescribed overall therapy. First of all, women are advised to undergo a course of taking the drugs, which include Vitamins A   and E . By the way, these vitamins are appointed and as a preventive measure. In addition, comprehensive multivitamin preparations should contain vitamins B6 . AT 12 . FROM . beta-carotene . folic acid .

In the treatment of precancerous lesions of the cervix is ​​important to ensure the reception of fiber, enzymes, selenium, omega-3. Compensate for a deficiency of these substances can not only by the treatment of medical drugs, but also by adjusting the diet. However, these treatments can not effectively influence on the state of women who are diagnosed with moderate or severe dysplasia.

If a woman has found a slight erosion, it is possible to use chemical coagulation. This process involves the processing of special means of space erosion. It is necessary to spend about five such procedures. However, this method may not always be the key to a full recovery of women.

Surgical treatments are applied, taking into account a number of features. They should be carried out in the first two weeks of the menstrual cycle as well as the process of tissue healing takes place increasingly under the influence estrogen . When surgery is mainly used local anesthesia. However, in some cases, used as a general anesthetic. If desired, the patient's doctor's recommendation can be a time to take sedatives.

Diathermocoagulation method involves cauterizing the cervix. It is now used quite often, because this is a simple process. But while there is a lack of such treatment: in the course of the procedure is very difficult to determine the required depth of tissue coagulation. Also, the presence near the site of the coagulation of the blood or lymphatic vessel with time due to necrosis of the cervix possibly scarring.

Cryosurgery cervix, using liquid nitrogen. In this case, the regulation of the depth of effect on tissue as only approximately. After this procedure, the woman has prolonged isolation. It is important to take into account all the individual characteristics of the body of the patient prior to a procedure. In particular, the doctor should ensure that no woman cold allergy.

Treatment using a laser can operate in two directions. With the help of high-power laser is carried out by evaporation and the low-intensity laser radiation allows the cone biopsy of the cervix. Sometimes a side effect of this treatment is to burn tissue, or overheating. However, the treatment involves using a laser to stop bleeding   immediately after the procedure. When the procedure is only a short-term anesthesia. The method is quite painful.

The method is non-contact radio wave surgery. In the affected area exposure to radio waves, which contributes to the destruction and evaporation cells. This procedure is carried out quickly, besides it is painless. After this operation is not shown tripe   due to lack of muscle damage, but release sukrovichnogo nature can still occur. Tissue after application of this method is fully restored, with the period of postoperative period, compared with other methods, is reduced. This method of treatment of diseases of the cervix is ​​recommended for women who have never given birth.

Previously a very popular method of treatment of cervical pathologies considered knife cone biopsy. But today, such a method is used only for the treatment of women diagnosed with dysplasia of the columnar epithelium, abnormal ectropion, large ruptures of the cervix. In applying this method in patients seen bleeding due to severe injuries. Accordingly, healing takes a relatively long time.

Amputation   cervical performed only in the operating room because it requires conical surgical excision of cervical tissue anesthesia can thus be both epidural and general. This operation is practiced in the early stages of oncological disease of the cervix.

It is important to take into account several important requirements when choosing a method of treatment of diseases of the cervix: it should be as secure as possible, not to provoke complications in the future, provide treatment and rehabilitation as soon as possible.

The postoperative period

 Cervical disease and methods of treatment  In the period after surgery, the patient may show some unpleasant symptoms: abdominal pain, having the character of drawing, vaginal discharge Which can be stopped after 2-4 weeks. To ease the pain, the woman appointed painkillers drugs. The patient is prohibited for a month to lift weights, use tampons, douches to produce and maintain a sex life.

Antibiotics   after surgery are not assigned. If you experience heavy bleeding, pain, deterioration of general condition, fever should immediately contact a specialist.

After surgery, may eventually develop some complications. Sometimes scars formed on cervical tissue, causing its deformation. May disrupt menstrual function, develop infertility   as a consequence of cervical canal stenosis and other changes. If there is inflammation of the urogenital organs of their possible aggravation.

As a result of the use of certain methods of treatment of cervical disease in women may cause premature birth, as there is a delay in the disclosure of the cervix, previously undergo surgery. It is also possible rupture of membranes. Therefore, before nulliparous women to choose methods of treatment of diseases of the cervix should be especially careful.

Menopausal Syndrome (menopause)

September 23, 2012

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 Menopausal Syndrome (menopause)  Menopausal Syndrome   ( menopause . menopause ) - Is a period of physiological changes in a woman's life that lead to the gradual extinction of fertility. Such a restructuring of the body is under the influence of hormonal changes. Typically, menopause in women originates, after forty years of age and lasts for about ten years.

The symptoms of menopausal syndrome

The main signs of the menopause is a gradual cessation of menstruation. In addition, for the manifestation of menopause is characterized by a whole range of different disorders like endocrine And vegetative-vascular character . Menopausal women often suffer from sudden "tide", which is accompanied by a feeling of heat, blood flow to the face. In addition, at this time a woman observes a manifestation of strong sweating, irritability, tearfulness, it can significantly decrease and increase arterial pressure Periodically manifested dryness of mucous membranes and skin, worried about insomnia. In some cases the menopause may be sudden mental and neurological disorders, as well as the emergence of dysfunctional uterine bleeding.

However, the above symptoms of menopause appear not all women in menopause. In some women during a reorganization of the organism does not cause pathological manifestations. However, even some of the women noted pathological course of menopause, leading to the climacteric syndrome. According to medical statistics, menopausal syndrome occurs in 26 - 48% of patients. Sometimes malfunctions of various systems of the body in the development of this syndrome are so severe that the woman can not fully work, and its quality of life is significantly reduced.

Causes menopausal syndrome

 Menopausal Syndrome (menopause)  The period when a woman's body enters a phase of decay functions of the reproductive system, many women are experiencing hard enough. Major changes can affect almost the entire female body. Certain failure gives work immune system , Which in turn leads to an increase in the number of infectious and autoimmune diseases. The aging process of the female body at this time is also activated. However, the most striking changes at this time happen to reproductive system of women. During menopause a woman's ovaries do not develop follicles, the egg does not mature, ovulation does not occur.


During menopause the female body is significantly reduced content estrogen And it increases the production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Due to too low content of estrogen in women may cause disorder in various organs. So when menopausal syndrome may urogenital disorders, vegetative-neurotic character. Increases the risk of osteoporosis . atherosclerosis . skin changes . vascular ischemia . psychological disorders .

Features menopausal disorders

Menopaualnye disorder according to the degree of climacteric syndrome manifest as rannevremennye . time average   and pozdnevremennye   manifestations.

As rannevremennyh   displays, a number of vasomotor symptoms ( headache , Flushing, chills, jumps in blood pressure, intermittent palpitations). It stands out as so-called psycho-emotional symptoms (feeling of anxiety, weakness, mood swings, irritability, insomnia). Sometimes a woman may even fall into depression, decreased libido celebrate. All these features are characteristic of the pre-menopausal period, they can also occur in the early years of menopause.

Speaking of the time average manifestations of menopause, doctors say some individual groups of symptoms. As urogenital symptoms   woman observes vaginal dryness leading to painful intercourse, as it disturbs the itching and burning sensation in the genital area becomes more frequent urination, sometimes a woman suffers from incontinence. Gradually increase the number of wrinkles on the skin, can rapidly break nails and hair fall out. These symptoms occur in women about 3-5 years after the first signs of menopause. If a woman is practicing any of the methods of treatment of such symptoms, they do not bring the desired effect.

Pozdnevremennye disorders menopausal symptoms - is, above all, violations metabolism , Leading to atherosclerosis . osteoporosis , A number of cardiovascular diseases . Alzheimer . Such serious illnesses develop in 5-10 years after the first symptoms occur menopause .

The symptoms of menopausal syndrome

 Menopausal Syndrome (menopause)  As the development of menopausal syndrome and the severity of symptoms in menopause depends on several factors. This hormonal disorders, general health of the woman to the top of menopause, genetic predisposition, environment.

If women menopause occurs pathologically, approximately 80% of cases occur vegetovascular symptoms . In this case, it should be noted the so-called "hot flashes": in this condition a woman has dramatically expanded the capillaries on the face, scalp, chest, body temperature rises slightly. In this state there is a strong influx of heat, reddens the skin, there is a strong heartbeat and sweating. Such attacks can last about five minutes. Different women have different frequencies "tide": a day can occur from one to twenty such attacks. Most often it happens at night, causing a negative impact on sleep in menopausal women. In severe cases, menopausal hot flashes are accompanied by depressive state, phobias, severe dizziness .

In some women described the symptoms of menopause are also accompanied by irritability, anxiety, tearfulness, other psycho symptoms.

Pathological during menopause can also manifest sexual and urogenital disorders. Another disturbing symptom - the development of osteoporosis, in which significantly increases the risk of fractures.

Heavy menopausal syndrome in menopause sometimes provokes the manifestation of a woman sympathoadrenal crises. With this attack the patient concerned about a sharp headache, jumps of arterial pressure, the delay of urine, followed by polyuria . In severe menopause symptoms of menopause may occur as a regular occurrence of pain in the heart, and the study did not detect ECG changes. There are allergic reactions That occur in response to a previously well-tolerated products and medicines. Such reactions are evidence of changes in the body's immune system. In general, changes in health status that occur after menopause, sometimes affecting the quality of life of women.

Menopausal metabolic syndrome

 Menopausal Syndrome (menopause)  Diagnosis " menopausal metabolic syndrome "Often put women whose menopause occurred several years ago. Typically, suffering from such a disorder in a patient vozaste after 60 years. From this syndrome, according to medical statistics, it affects about a quarter of all women. Until now, the exact reasons are not established, leading to the development of such disorders. Still, experts say the impact on symptoms of metabolic syndrome menopausal hormonal imbalances, hypodynamia , Presence of chronic diseases, and lack some of the body necessary for its functioning substances.

The main features of this condition is obesity, growth rates of glucose in the blood of women, increased blood pressure, as well as the emergence of diseases of the cardiovascular system. The combination of these factors can pose a serious threat not only for health, but for the life of the woman.

The above-mentioned factors have a clear relationship. Manifestation obesity   It is caused by a natural weight gain during menopause under the influence of hormonal instability. It is important to accurately adjust lifestyles and eating habits. Sometimes, however, women who suffer from periodic depressive states are beginning to use too much junk food. As a consequence, the weight gradually increases. Obesity, in turn, leads to an increase in blood glucose and Development Diabetes .

The process of weight gain and stimulates fat deposition around the internal organs. Accordingly, significantly increases the load on the heart, which leads to cardiovascular disease. Unfortunately, these processes may be irreversible.

Thus, if the doctor notes the patient more criteria in the menstrual period of time (a sharp increase in body weight, constant lethargy . breathlessness , High blood pressure at rest, symptoms of irritability), then he has every reason to suspect there menopausal syndrome.

Experts note that the menopausal syndrome most often occurs in women with hereditary susceptibility to severe course of menopause, as well as the presence of chronic diseases, disorders of the menstrual cycle in the reproductive period. From severe menopause often affects women who smoke, and those who have had an early menopause. Menopausal syndrome is more common in nulliparous women.

Diagnosis menopausal syndrome

Through diagnosis of menopausal syndrome, the doctor, first of all, carefully conducting a survey of the patient. Sometimes diagnose pathological course of menopause is difficult due to aggravate chronic diseases that occur in the patient. In this regard, during the climax is further compounded, moreover, it may appear atypical. So often the doctor recommends a patient to be examined and other doctors - a neurologist, cardiologist, endocrinologist. To confirm the diagnosis is also carried out a study level hormones   in blood. Sometimes there is the need for cytology, and histological analysis of scrapings of the endometrium.

Treating menopausal syndrome

 Menopausal Syndrome (menopause)  By practicing the treatment of menopause, gynecologist making efforts to reduce the symptoms of menopause, adversely affecting the woman. To facilitate the state at the time of the tides, as well as reduce their frequency, the woman is prescribed a course of therapy with antidepressant.

To prevent the development and progression of osteoporosis, the practice of accepting non-hormonal drugs, bisphosphonates, which prevent bone loss rates. These drugs are sometimes prescribed, instead of estrogen.

If a woman is severely bothered urogenital symptoms, it is advisable to apply the introduction of estrogen in pill form or cream vaginally.

However, the most noticeable effect at menopause give treatment with hormones. Treatment medication, containing estrogen, can significantly reduce the frequency and intensity of hot flashes, eliminate unpleasant sensations in the genitals. In general practice the treatment of natural estrogens. To prevent the development of hyperplastic processes in the endometrium estrogen combined with progestin either androgens . Hormone therapy should last for several years, to prevent the occurrence of serious diseases in women that provokes menopausal syndrome.

Hormonal agents during pathological menopause is not assigned to women oncological diseases reproductive organs, as well as patients suffering from Blood clotting disorders . thrombophlebitis . uterine bleeding . impaired renal function or   liver .

Before you assign a course of treatment with drugs containing hormones, the doctor must perform ultrasound, cytology, blood chemistry.

Hormone determined depending on what stage of menopause occurs in a patient. When it comes to pre-menopausal women, the hormonal drugs is assigned cyclically. In postmenopausal atoroficheskih due to changes in the endometrium, as well as other negative effects to the female body hormones should be taken continuously.

In pathological menopause is the most effective systemic treatment combination preparations containing hormones. In addition, if necessary, in parallel appointed other medications for the treatment of hypertension , Cardiovascular diseases and other ailments that accompany menopause.

Sometimes the physician also advises the patient to consult a nutritionist to make the correct diet. In addition, she will need to how to spend more time in the fresh air, full sleep and rest, move more, and avoid stress and negative emotions. Early treatment of menopausal syndrome can significantly improve the condition of women, its performance and health.

Cervical cyst

September 13, 2012

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 Cervical cyst  Cervical cyst   (other names - retention cysts of the cervix , same Nabothian cervical cyst ) - Is education, which is an extended and closed cancer in the cervix, which collects secret. Initially developed inflammatory process, which progresses in the vaginal canal or part of the cervix. Its effects becomes inflamed excretory ducts of glands located in the cervix. These ducts, which are normally produce mucus gradually clogged. Iron is filled with mucus, its volume increases. Such abnormalities can be detected in the survey: sometimes it can be identified by visual inspection and, in other cases appointed by pelvic ultrasound and kolkoskopiya. According to statistics, cervical cyst is diagnosed in 10-20% of women.

Features cervical cyst

Cervical cancer in women has a shape of a cylinder. At its center is the entrance to the cervical canal of the cervix. Internal coating of the channel consists of a cylindrical single-layered epithelium with more iron. They produce a special secret. The outer cover of the cervix forms a stratified squamous epithelium without glands. Near the entrance to the cervical canal is the so-called zone of transformation between the two different types of epithelium. It is in this zone, and preferably formed precancerous and cancerous diseases.

The main reason that a woman has a cyst on the cervix, it is a manifestation of the inflammatory process. Inflammation in the cervical canal and on the cervix seen as a consequence of injuries and infections arising in intrauterine means delivery . abortion When carrying out instrumental examinations.


Nabothian cervical cysts are not dangerous in terms of malignancy. The presence of cysts of the cervix and does not provoke a hormonal imbalance and does not affect the appearance of cysts in the ovaries. A woman who is diagnosed with cervical cyst, there was no negative impact on the carrying of such education pregnancy , menstrual cycle.

However, in some cases, such cyst accumulation and reproduction of bacteria and viruses. As a result, the woman says the constant recurrence of inflammatory processes, such as the cervix, and other organs - the fallopian tubes, ovaries, mucous membrane of the uterus, vagina. Constantly recurrent inflammatory processes are often the cause of ectopic pregnancy And female infertility .

Types of cysts of the cervix

 Cervical cyst  Cysts in the cervix, doctors are divided into single   and multiple . In using the term " Nabothian cyst "Doctors have in mind multiple cysts. Such formations are the result of an arbitrary cure ectopia of the cervix . Consequently, the occurrence of multiple cysts - ectopic consequence, during which there is a blockage of the gland excretory ducts in the cervix. In the small capsule is going in a thick mucous secretion.

Endometrioid form uterine cyst has a characteristic bluish color, on it there are areas that are bleeding. The size of these areas increases just before menstruation. This form cysts develop after the endometrial tissue are moved to the surface of the previously injured. In a hemorrhagic cyst is present in the content.

Cyst of the cervix and pregnancy

If a woman has developed large cyst with a diameter of 1 cm or more, such structures can cause compression of the cervical canal. This pathology is sometimes a mechanical factor infertility. But it should be noted that the cyst cervical still not a major risk factor for infertility.

In the presence in the cervix single cyst or multiple structures of this type of child bearing in most cases proceeds without complications. This pathology is not influences on the course of labor. If during pregnancy the woman was found a cyst, her treatment is carried out only when the young mother completely stopped postnatal selection . Complete cessation of lochia occurs, as a rule, to the fortieth day after the birth.

Women who wish to enter the intrauterine device to prevent unwanted conception, should know that a cyst in the cervix contraindication for this method Contraception   is not.

Symptoms of cervical cyst

Pronounced symptoms of cysts of the cervix in women do not show: the existence of such an education does not provoke bloody secretions nature or violations of the menstrual cycle.

Diagnosis of cervical cyst

Cyst cervical doctor discovers during gynecological examination, and sometimes require additional holding ultrasound or colposcopy. If the patient were found Nabothian cysts cervix, then further examination to detect the presence of infection in the cervix, cervical canal, vagina. Upon detection of any infection is necessary to direct microscopic smear taken from the vagina.

Treatment of cervical cyst

 Cervical cyst  It is widely believed that cervical cyst is not particularly dangerous for the general condition of the woman. Some experts define cyst as a normal state of health, which does not cause complications. Accordingly, treatment of cervical cysts may not be practiced.

However, most doctors still expressed the view that the cyst is not harmless, because there is a possibility of development in education   purulent infiltration . Therefore, it is advisable to carry out surgery to remove the cyst. However, in most cases, surgery is performed only when the operation can be carried out low-impact as possible. If the cyst is located deep in the cervix, the operation is not carried out, but twice a year should visit the gynecologist to observe the dynamics of the disease.

Initially, in the treatment of cysts with purulent inflammation of the patients underwent puncturing, during which completely removed pyoinflammatory content. Then the samples are determined by antibiotics , Which is sensitive to the pathogen. Their course is required to be appointed to the patient. The process of incision and drainage of cysts of the cervix can be carried out throughout the menstrual cycle, except for three days before menstruation and menstrual days directly. Such restrictions are practiced in order to reduce the risk of further Endometriosis   cervix. Preferably, the process of producing the first two weeks of the menstrual cycle.

For the treatment of cervical cysts also used radio wave method.

However, most often in the treatment of cysts of the cervix used laser therapy, and moxibustion is performed using liquid nitrogen (cryotherapy). The use of cryotherapy to avoid scarring of the cervix, so this procedure is considered the most gentle.

Implementation of laser treatment can be somewhat unpleasant for women, as the process of carrying out several painful. But it is not only the removal of tissue and cauterization of vessels, which effectively stops bleeding . Laser cauterization of cervical cyst is recommended for women who have not had children, because it allows the maximum to avoid complications.

For the treatment of cervical cysts do not require hospitalization of the patient: it is performed on an outpatient basis. After the procedure a few days a woman can feel the pain of cutting nature of the abdomen. At the end of ten days from the time of the procedure used candles that activate the healing process. For this purpose often used candles de pantol . Up visit to the doctor is necessary to carry out a month after surgery.

 Cervical cyst  Before treatment, the woman is required to carry out the analysis of the vaginal smear on the flora and latent infections. In addition, the analysis does not require any preliminary procedures before treatment. If the infection has been detected, the practice of pre-treatment.

With the purpose of treatment of recurrent cervical cysts are also used homeopathic remedies, physiotherapy.

When a cyst in the cervix a woman is not required to comply with specific restrictions in diet, physical activity, sexual contacts. Also allowed to swim in open water, sauna and swimming pool.

Prevention of cervical cyst

To prevent the occurrence of this disease, the woman should be sure to have regular checkups at the gynecologist and periodic ultrasound. Sometimes, for a more thorough examination, the doctor may prescribe a prophylactic endoscopic examination of the cervix (vaginal part of it). Early treatment of inflammatory diseases of the genital organs of women can significantly reduce the risk of cervical cysts.

Menstrual dysfunction (amenorrhea)

September 25, 2012

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 Menstrual dysfunction (amenorrhea)  For female body characterized by a clear menstrual cycle, implying recurring changes in physiological nature. These changes are governed by the so-called pyatizvenevoy system (this the cerebral cortex - the hypothalamus - pituitary - ovary - uterus ). The menstrual cycle ends with the onset of menses. In determining the length of the menstrual cycle, take into account the first day of the last menstrual period, counting the days until the start of the next. Basically, the average length of the menstrual cycle in women of reproductive age is 28 days. However, the cycle can vary, ranging from 21 to 35 days. Menstruation lasts 3 to 7 days, and during that time a woman loses up to 150 ml of blood.

Violations of the menstrual cycle

If a woman has some deviations from the above described features of the cycle, in this case it appears menstrual dysfunction. Experts identify two groups of similar violations: hypomenstrual syndrome   and gipermenstrualny syndrome . Such violations occur under the influence of many factors. This, above all, diseases and mental health disorders, severe emotional shock, neurological disease, obesity , Disease of an infectious nature, cardiovascular diseases, the impact of occupational factors. Menstrual dysfunction are also possible as a consequence of genetic diseases, hormonal imbalance, gynecological operations and other factors. Sometimes combined several reasons, provoking disturbances monthly.

Types of amenorrhea

The concept of " amenorrhea "Is used to determine the status of women in her crib month absence for six or more months. In most cases, amenorrhea is not defined as a separate diagnosis, and is a symptom of certain diseases.


There are several types of amenorrhea, defined depending on the factors that influence its development. Physiological amenorrhea appears before puberty girls, while pregnancy , During lactation, and during menstrual pause. Physiologic amenorrhea   - The state of the natural, not a disease. Pathologic amenorrhea   - The effects of certain diseases developing in women.

In addition, it is accepted to determine primary amenorrhea   (in this case do not appear menstruation a girl under the age of 16 years), as well   secondary amenorrhea (menstruation appeared, but stopped under the influence of certain factors). The presence of pathological amenorrhea doctor feels quite alarming sign, which indicates the development of the disease or certain organic or functional disorders of the female body. Pathologic amenorrhea can occur in women of any age.

Defined as false   and true amenorrhea . If false amenorrhea in the body of the patient are observed changes in the balance hormones That are characteristic of the normal monthly cycle. However, due to the presence of certain obstructions blood can not normally stand out. This pathology can occur when atresia (ie, imperforate hymen or vagina). Sometimes cryptomenorrhea   It manifested in women with congenital abnormalities in the structure of the genital organs.

True amenorrhea   It is diagnosed if the patient has no cyclic hormonal fluctuations. Consequently, the female body does not ovulate, and the patient can not get pregnant.

Causes of amenorrhea

 Menstrual dysfunction (amenorrhea)  Primary amenorrhea a woman may develop under the influence of genetic disorders nature, chromosomal abnormalities, sexual underdevelopment. Sometimes this condition occurs in women with severe infectious diseases, as well as in patients who are obese due to dysfunction pituitary . The development of secondary amenorrhea affects psychogenic factors, improper diet, exhaustion and strong overwork   both physical and mental nature, the nature of endocrine disorders, tumors and inflammatory processes in the genital organs.

The frequency of primary amenorrhea is relatively low, however, this pathology - a serious reason for referral to a specialist.

Doctors have identified a number of reasons types of amenorrhea. Anatomical reasons   amenorrhea determined girls with slim type structure of the body, undeveloped breasts, narrow pelvis. In this case, there is no menstruation because of the slow development of the body of the girl. But if such external malformations is not observed, the reason for the lack of menstruation may be the pathology of the sexual organs. Most often manifested amenorrhea due to abnormal structure of the hymen. Such deviations can determine gynecologist at survey.

Sometimes in the course of the inspection and survey of a patient who complains of the absence of menstruation, the doctor determines that her relatives in the female line first menstruation occurred at a relatively late age - 17 years later. This situation indicates the presence of genetic factors that influence the menstrual cycle.

But in recent years, experts suggest that in most cases no other reasons cause menstruation. It is a strong stress , Serious disturbances emotional and psychological problems. About a third of women (and those who have not yet started menstruating and women with established cycle) is react to stressful situations. In some patients after a cycle time is reduced, and without additional medical treatment. However, subject to the availability of chronic diseases often require drug therapy.

In addition to these factors cause menstrual dysfunction in women can be strong and constant physical activity, as well as anorexia . Therefore, doctors strongly recommend that all girls not to overdo it, choosing a sports training methods and sitting on diets . Young girls may significantly harm the power sports. But equally significant harm caused by malnutrition, when the desired substance consumed food body is not getting.

Secondary amenorrhea - A condition in which there are no menstruation for six months or more in women, menstrual cycle which had previously been relatively well established. Given the health statistics, then by secondary amenorrhea it affects about 10% of women of childbearing age. Secondary amenorrhea is considered a more serious condition than the primary disease.

Doctors also allocate the specific causes of this type of amenorrhea. Thus, cessation of menstruation can cause drastic weight loss in women or permanent severe physical exertion. Factors that cause secondary amenorrhea is polycystic ovaries . Menstruation may stop in women with certain abnormalities of the uterus under the influence of the hypothalamic-pituitary disorders as a result of diseases of the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, with tuberculosis . Sometimes amenorrhea is a consequence of taking certain medicines or of chemotherapy, radiation therapy. Furthermore, this form of amenorrhea occurs when premature Menopause , Hyperprolactinemia.

Diagnosing amenorrhea

 Menstrual dysfunction (amenorrhea)  If a patient comes to the doctor complaining of a sudden stop of menstruation, the doctor, first of all, conducting a survey and examination of the patient. During a conversation with a woman expert should definitely find out some of the features of her life. In particular, it is important to know that if the patient adheres to a certain diet, how often she goes in for sports, have there been serious physical load, constant stress. It is also important to find out how is proportional to the ratio of height and weight of women, and if she does not suffer from obesity. Quite often manifested as a consequence of amenorrhea obesity   or dystrophy Because in this state, a woman often develop serious hormonal disruptions.

After the initial inspection and survey was carried out, the woman takes a more detailed study to determine the exact causes of amenorrhea. It is important to initially exclude pregnancy in a woman, and then analyzed for the maintenance of hormones in the blood, ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs. In the process of diagnosis of amenorrhea doctor takes into account a lot of different data: rectal temperature, vaginal cytology smear, a study on the presence in the urine and blood of gonadotropins and others. After the diagnosis the doctor prescribes treatment, taking into account individual characteristics of the female organism.

Treatment of amenorrhea

If the diagnosis is established, appoints an expert patient treatment of amenorrhea, doing it in a way to take into account all the causes of this condition. If the patient is found developmental delay childbearing system as a whole, then it is recommended to be sure to pay attention to diet. Observe while a diet that will increase as the amount of fat and muscle tissue. It is also possible by means of hormonal treatment, because the hormones can stimulate the development of the female reproductive system and hasten the onset of the first menstrual period. But it is important that throughout the period of treatment the patient's condition is constantly monitored specialist.

If amenorrhea occurred in women as a consequence of the specific features of the anatomical structure of the genitals, then the patient is performed surgery. With a special tool the surgeon makes an incision of the vagina or hymen, if there is an imperforate channels. Such an operation is very fast, while it can be carried out even without a common anesthesia .

Development of primary amenorrhea can occur as a consequence of the hypothalamic-pituitary disease, and ovarian failure due to infection, the negative external effects, autoimmune disorders character.

If amenorrhea occurred in a patient due to certain features of lifestyle, you should initially determine what was the cause of this condition. Thus, amenorrhea may provoke a sharp decrease in body weight (more than 10 kg). Also, the absence of menstruation is more common in adult women weighing less than 50 kg. If a patient diagnosed with amenorrhea, the diet then it can only be under the constant supervision of the attending physician. To restore the menstrual cycle in such a case, the doctor also prescribed to women receiving progestogen in oral contraceptives.

Very often, at the present time to the doctor treated the girl, who stopped menstruating due to anorexia. For such a condition characterized by a sharp decrease in appetite. Usually, anorexia affects young girls who want to lose weight at any cost. These patients tell the doctor that themselves deliberately induce vomiting, refusing to eat, constantly taking laxatives. As a result, these girls develop a number of serious deviations of mental and physical nature, among which occupies a special place amenorrhea.

In the treatment of amenorrhea induced by anorexia, gynecologist sometimes recommends girl also consult a psychologist. In addition, in this case the important full support from loved ones.

In the treatment of amenorrhea, which provoked a polycystic ovary, the patient will begin taking certain oral contraceptives, which are selected exclusively on an individual basis after carrying out all necessary investigations. It is important to accurately determine the level of Testosterone   and Estrogen   in the blood of women. It is guided by these data the physician in selecting the necessary kontratseprtivov.

 Menstrual dysfunction (amenorrhea)  If amenorrhea occurs as a consequence of premature menopause, then in this case it is a question of lack of ovarian function. As a consequence, women stop menstruating as young as the age of forty. In addition to amenorrhea these patients have complained of severe vaginal dryness. At such pathology most often manifested amenorrhea in women who are constantly in a state of stress. Treatment of amenorrhea in this case involves continuous hormone replacement therapy. It is important to note that pregnancy in a similar situation can occur only if the use of a donor egg.

Amenorrhea due hyperprolactinemia   It occurs under the influence of too high contents of blood hormone prolactin . In this case, the woman occasionally appear milky discharge from mammary glands. At the same time periods may stop completely. For the treatment of this pathological condition applied agents that reduce prolactin levels in women. For such preparations, some women may experience periodic nausea, but other side effects were observed. Treatment of hormonal therapy should always be combined with physiotherapy treatment.

Secondary amenorrhea - a condition that is treatable, so you should, without delay, seek medical help.

Lactational amenorrhea

Speaking of lactation amenorrhea, experts imply the use of breastfeeding as a method of contraception. This method of protection from unwanted pregnancy based on the fact that in the process of active breastfeeding among young mothers do not ovulate. However, this method of protection is effective only in the first six months after birth. It is necessary to observe a number of conditions - constantly nurture the baby breast milk at his request, to breast-feed the baby at night. However, it should be remembered that such protection from pregnancy is always short-lived, moreover, without additional methods of contraception are at high risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases and other infections.

Complications amenorrhea

If the amenorrhea can not be on time diagnosis and proper treatment, the woman can develop serious complications. So, at long amenorrhea may cause terrible disease - osteoporosis . In addition, women may develop gradually symptoms of the menopause.

Treatment of amenorrhea traditional methods

 Menstrual dysfunction (amenorrhea)  Effective in some cases can be treated amenorrhea and folk remedies. However, it is important not to practice this therapy without prior agreement with your doctor. To treatment using these techniques yielded a positive result, you should know exactly what is the cause of amenorrhea provoked. For the treatment of amenorrhea, you can use some of the concoctions of herbs and plants. Good effect can be obtained by eating several weeks broth stone bramble leaves. Drink the broth needed before a meal, twice a day.

Once a day a woman can douche fresh juice of cabbage. The procedure is best prodelyvat bedtime. You can cook a foot bath by adding hot water with two tablespoons of vinegar, sea salt and mustard powder. Baths lasting 20 minutes are taken morning and evening.

Traditional medicine also recommends to use a decoction of cloves. To cook in 1 liter of water you need to take 40 inflorescences carnations. The mixture should be cooked until then. While half of the liquid has evaporated. Initially, the broth take small doses - three times a day for one tablespoon. Later, the dose can be increased.

When amenorrhea can be taken as a decoction of onion peel. It can be prepared by boiling water flooded the husk over low heat until until it becomes dark. Drink decoction twice a day before meals for one glass.

You can also try the treatment tampons soaked in chamomile oil or rosehip juice. These swabs are put into the vagina at night.

Prevention of amenorrhea

The occurrence of amenorrhea is difficult to prevent, but if the girl is closely monitoring the health and prevents bad habits, chances of getting significantly reduced. It is important to ensure the correct treatment of all diseases, and in any case not to ignore symptoms suggestive of development of women's diseases.

Prolapse of internal genital organs (genital prolapse)

October 6, 2012

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 Prolapse of internal genital organs (genital prolapse)  A healthy woman the uterus is located in the central part of the pelvis. The uterus is freely suspended on cords, so it is possible to shift in different directions. The mobility of the uterus allows for normal development pregnancy   and the right for delivery . Moreover, due to the mobility of the uterus normally works intestines, bladder and other organs. At the same time with a strong filling of the bladder uterus moves upwards.

If the uterus is in a normal position, it does not contribute to keeping only ligaments and muscles of the pelvic floor, which serve for their specific support. With the gradual weakening of the muscles and ligaments of the vaginal wall prolapse occurs. As a result of the phenomenon of a woman is diagnosed " genital prolapse ".

According to medical statistics, this disease affects about one in ten women, whose age has not reached 35 years of age. After fifty years of age suffering from genital prolapse has every other woman.

Causes of genital prolapse

As a rule, the deletion and the subsequent loss of sex organs in women observed in old or senile. While directly uterus and its ligaments suffer certain changes associated with a woman's age. However, certain preconditions for the emergence of the disease occur in the adolescence and young age. It provided a number of reasons that determine the development of genital prolapse.


During many months of gestation there is a strong and constant pressure on the pelvic muscles, which are due to such exposure significantly relaxed. Especially a big load on the muscles occurs in the last trimester of pregnancy.

Accordingly, the pelvic floor muscles are often damaged during childbirth: as a result of a difficult birth, if the fetus is very large, with breech delivery, using forceps in the process of childbirth, with rapid delivery, as well as in case if there is a serious gap perineum. Basically these injuries occur in women whose first birth falls on a relatively late age. The fact that after thirty years of women perineal tissue becomes less elastic and badly stretched.

Another reason manifestations of genital prolapse - regular lifting and carrying of heavy objects, thereby increasing intra-abdominal pressure .

The omission and loss of genitals happens in chronic respiratory diseases that provoke a constant and severe cough. The factor that directly affects the development of the disease, is also in violation of the structure and development of connective tissue, which has the innate character. From the loss of genitals often suffered by women with obesity . chronic constipation . incorrect location of the uterus . Most uterine prolapse occurs during menstrual pause When there is a change in the patient hormonal balance . The woman, who at one time lived through surgery, as well as multiple births, such a disease is diagnosed more often.

Features of the development of genital prolapse

 Prolapse of internal genital organs (genital prolapse)  Omission genitals always develops gradually. The disease progresses relatively slowly, and its development has always displayed a negative quality of life and status of women. In the development of genital prolapse negative changes in the body are displayed not only in the function of the reproductive system of women, but also on the functioning of the organs that are close (we are talking about the bladder, rectum). Often as a result of the disease significantly reduced capacity for work are women. Sometimes genital prolapse leads directly to disability. Often women are afraid to visit a doctor as loss of sexual organs taken for the development of the tumor. As a consequence, the disease becomes more severe stage.

Stages of genital prolapse

In medicine, to distinguish between five different degrees of omission and loss of genitals. First degree   - This is the initial period of the vaginal wall prolapse, which occurs as a consequence of a certain weakening of muscles of the urogenital diaphragm and pelvic floor. In this state, there is a slight omission of the front and rear walls of the vagina, and the pudendal cleft gapes.

At second degree disease pelvic floor muscles weaken more significantly. There is a gradual prolapse of the vaginal walls, while also lowered the bladder and rectum (its front wall).

At third degree the development of the disease has lowered the uterus and the cervix is ​​at the entrance to the vagina.

The fourth degree   the disease is characterized by incomplete uterine prolapse. At the same time the cervix is ​​already resides outside the entrance to the vagina.

At last, fifth degree , A woman has complete uterine prolapse, in which the walls of the vagina are turned.

Symptoms of genital prolapse

If the patient holds one of the initial stages of the disease, the visible symptoms and the discomfort it may not feel at all. If prolapsed uterus becomes more serious form, the patient periodically hurts foreign body sensation in the vagina. The patient is often worried about the pain in the abdomen, which is drawing the character. Sometimes a woman take such feelings for the inflammatory process, the usual approach of ovulation or menstruation. The pain later also extends to the sacrum and lower back. In the later stages of the disease can be broken urination and defecation process much more difficult.

Genitals in loss also suffer certain changes: they stagnates lymph . blood . Due to disruption of supply of tissues necessary substances in the vagina and on the cervix appear sores . Such negative developments arise in part because there is friction on the clothing of the cervix. As a consequence, it is subject to high risk of infection. If a woman has developed sores on the vagina and uterus, then it gradually increases the amount of cables In which can be admixed with blood.

When a woman takes uterine prolapse, wherein the bladder is also lowered. In this case, the woman is suffering from urinary disorders: possible difficulty, frequent urination, and with a strong tension spring tsistitamozhet urinary incontinence . As a result, the consequence of such pathological changes can be the development of pyelonephritis   or cystitis And renal dysfunction.

While walking the patient feels constant discomfort, which negatively affects the quality of her life.

Another important point for the woman who showed the omission of sexual organs are problems in sexual life. Over time, a patient can develop disorders of mental character.

Diagnosis of genital prolapse

 Prolapse of internal genital organs (genital prolapse)  To diagnose the disease, the doctor did not have to exert much effort. In most cases, to detect genital prolapse allows the most common examination by a gynecologist. To determine the degree of omission and loss of genitals doctor may ask a woman natuzhitsya, followed by an additional examination, determining whether there is a drooping of the walls of the rectum and bladder.

If a patient is diagnosed loss or omission of the genitals, it is required to take on a clinical account. Also, as a further study carried out kolkoskopiya . Such a study is carried out using a special device - kolkoskopa, with which you can conduct a thorough examination of the uterus. Sometimes the patient is also assigned an additional examination by a specialist urologist, which is made in order to determine the general condition of the urinary system.

Treatment of genital prolapse

Treatment of this disease the doctor assigned depending on the degree of loss of the genitals. If a woman is diagnosed first degree prolapse of the vaginal walls, it is important to take measures to prevent the progress of the disease in the future. To do this, it appointed a special physiotherapy . The exercises in this complex are selected in such a way as to increase the muscle tone of the anterior abdominal wall and the pelvic floor. Especially for restoration of elasticity of these muscles have developed a set of so-called Kegel exercises. This simple exercises that a woman can perform throughout the day, staying almost anywhere. Kegel exercises - a multiple postorennie squeeze and then relax the intimate muscles. In addition, a set of exercises include lifting the legs from a prone position, the standard exercise for the abdominals to support, "bicycle", and others.

In addition to performing complex physical therapy is recommended for women to swim. A good alternative to the exercise of physiotherapy is a long stair climbing, cycling.

It is important to perform the exercises correctly and regularly, since frequent breaks physiotherapy will be ineffective. Women with early-stage prolapse should be very careful to treat their own health: in any case, do not lift heavy objects, avoid heavy physical exertion. Furthermore, as a method of medical treatment of uterine prolapse applicable pelvic massage . In order to enhance blood flow to the vagina and strengthen the ligaments of women in menopause is often recommended to undergo treatment Estrogen . Use another method of conservative treatment: a woman enter special pessary (pessary) . These actions are taken if the operation is not possible because of the presence of contraindications. However, this method has certain disadvantages. In particular, the ring stretches the pelvic floor muscles stronger, and eventually the disease is further exacerbated.

In second degree prolapse, as well as more severe stages of the disease to women assigned conduct surgery. Today practiced holding different types of operations, which are selected depending on the degree of disease, age of the woman, her general state of health. Taking into account other factors. After surgical treatment, the doctor prescribes symptomatic therapy to eliminate inflammation.

If a woman is no longer planning a pregnancy, possible surgery to remove the uterus. Operations at loss of genitals in most cases performed without incisions on the abdomen, carrying out all manipulations through the vagina.

It is important that the optimal method of treatment determined by a physician, because after proper quality treatment disease does not manifest itself again, and the recovery period after a woman feels great.

Prevention of genital prolapse

 Prolapse of internal genital organs (genital prolapse)  To the omission of sexual organs are not manifested or after childbirth and the postmenstrual period, the woman must be conscious approach to their own health issues. If a woman waits for the child, she should be sure to carefully prepare for childbirth. In the process of labor expectant mother should strictly follow all the advice midwives to prevent rupture.

It is also important to avoid constipation: in this case, you should choose the right diet, a lot of walking, drinking plenty of fluids every day.

It is equally important for the prevention of this unpleasant disease undergo regular examination by a gynecologist. Women are encouraged to do so at least once a year. Sometimes additional data shall also appoint a doctor holding ultrasound of the uterus.

Women should avoid heavy lifting, weighing more than 10 kg. If all preventive measures are carefully observed, the figure of the disease is markedly reduced. Besides adhering to these recommendations, the woman with the first stage of genital prolapse can normally postpone pregnancy and have a baby.

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Cocaine Addiction

September 23, 2011

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 Cocaine Addiction  Coke   - A drug belonging to the powerful stimulants CNS . For the first time the drug has been obtained from the leaves of a South American shrub Erythroxylon Coca . Locals its leaves brewed as a tea, or simply chewed, after which a person lifts the mood. In 1859 a German chemist, A.Nyuman   I obtained from the leaves of the plant clean alkaloid And named it cocaine. Initially, cocaine was used as an effective anesthetic . For example, it in his medical practice for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders applied Sigmund Freud . By the end of the XIX century. It is learned about the negative effects of cocaine on the body, and highly addictive to it. In 1914, cocaine, along with morphine   and Heroin   officially equated to drugs and banned. However, this did not prevent the elite continue to use cocaine, in particular, since 1974 the United States was recorded smoking crack   - A preparation manufactured from cocaine hydrochloride. Another way drug use was smoking Coca-paste   - The product obtained in the manufacture of cocaine hydrochloride. The growth of drug use continued, and by the end of the 1980s, in some countries, such as Peru and Colombia, it has become an epidemic.

Cocaine use

There are several routes of administration of cocaine in the body, which have different effects on the clinical picture.

The most used type of drug is cocaine hydrochloride Which is a white powder resembling sugar or snow transparent odorless. It is used by inhaling through the nose, wherein the drug is rapidly absorbed through the mucosa and into the blood to the brain. Cocaine, which is distributed on the black market, comprises 15 to 75% HCl, and among other substances added to heroin, lidocaine, procaine, and other nervous system stimulants - caffeine and amphetamine and phencyclidine, mannitol, lactose. Also, cocaine hydrochloride and can be administered intravenously, but its effect is weakened, even in conjunction with heroin. Therefore, this method is not very common.


The second most common way of drug use is smoking crack   (alkaloid cocaine, "the base") - benzoilmetilengonina Which is produced in the manufacture of cocaine hydrochloride, but at a lower melting temperature, which contributes to its easier evaporation. Crack is smoked in a special tube with a water lock or wrapping as regular cigarettes. During inhalation through the active absorbed through the lung capillaries, blood gets narcotic substance, and then to the brain. Now this method is the most common use of cocaine.

White or gray-brown powder, is an intermediate product in the processing of the leaves of the coca plant in the manufacture of cocaine hydrochloride, known as   Coca-paste . It contains 50 to 90% of the drug in the form of sulfate and cocaine alkaloids, as well as other substances such as methanol, nicotine and other. Typically, coca paste is mixed with tobacco and cannabis, and is used for smoking. This method of drug use is most common among people of South America and the Caribbean.

Another method used cocaine, use is the leaves of the coca plant . They comprise from 0, 5 to 1, 5% cocaine alkaloid, and together with a piece of lime placed in the cheek, whereby a drug through the buccal mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract penetrates slowly into the blood. Since level of active drug substance in the blood is relatively low, the health risks in this case are relatively low.

Cocaine improves mood, vitality, and relieve fatigue. And a strong psychological dependence on the drug comes very quickly. The addict is constantly in search of a new dose of cocaine, and a constant desire to use it. It is estimated that cocaine has a great potential for narcotic and therefore dangerous to even try it once.

Cocaine Addiction

 Cocaine Addiction  The main symptoms of cocaine dependence are changes in physiological and behavioral responses, increasing Blood Pressure , Feel euphoria Which appear within minutes after the administration of intravenous cocaine and smoking crack, and in 10 minutes reach the peak. If inhaled drug, he begins to act 7-10 minutes, and the maximum effect is achieved in 15-20 minutes. Half an hour later the effects gradually disappear.

At cocaine intoxication   (poisoning) observed two opposite states - euphoria   and dysphoria . During continuous use of cocaine euphoria passes in dysphoria, and vice versa, and so the circle. Acute cocaine intoxication   similar in stimulating action on the nervous system poisoning ampheta- mines. During the euphoria of cocaine addict elevated mood, hyperactivity, talkativeness, cheerfulness and a sense of their own abilities. If a person has used a lot of drugs, it feels like a superman, unrealistic grandiose plans, spending money recklessly, repeats some convulsive movements, his judgment incoherent, it becomes irresponsible, experiencing increased sexual desire, his behavior is marked psychomotor agitation. It is in this state, drug addicts go to the crime, murder, theft and victims of accidents. If the addict takes large doses of cocaine for a long time, the euphoria had combined with a state of panic, anxiety, insecurity, fear of dying from overdose.

During acute intoxication by cocaine, a drug addict manifested neurological and somatic disorders, dry mouth, expanded pupils, headache, sweating and shivering man, becomes pale, the body temperature rises, there is a diarrhea , Nausea, irregular heartbeat, insomnia and lack of appetite, increased reflexes. Sometimes seizures can be observed up to epilepsy But also cardiac or paralysis   respiratory center fatal.

Do addicts with experience, which for a long time use large doses of cocaine may experience mental disorders that are accompanied by visual and auditory hallucinations , Panic attacks. Psychosis caused by cocaine-called " paranoid cocaine "," cocaine delirium "And" cocaine oneiric ". Seizures of cocaine psychosis disappear after a dream, and when the drug is no longer valid. However, sometimes they can last up to several days.

Cocaine euphoria gives way to the second phase of cocaine poisoning - cocaine dysphoria , A condition characterized by depression, apathy , Irritability and anxiety, which leads to the fact that a person receives a new dose of the drug. However, if there is no possibility to apply an addict new dose of cocaine or more of his body does not accept ( sense of tolerance When new dose no effect) then compounded dysphoria and develops postkokainovaya dysphoric depression . This type of depression is characterized by a constant desire to sleep, relax, and unwillingness to resolve their problems, sometimes the emergence of suicidal thoughts. In this state, the addict starts drinking alcohol, sedative hypnotics, pills or other drugs, for example, opium . Between long intervals of sleep addict wakes terrible appetite. Such a depression going on, depending on how many days he used the drug. For example, if he smoked crack week, can sleep up to 4 days. After waking up the mood of the addict is improving but elements of depression may persist, especially if he has a long time to use drugs.

If dysphoric depression lasts more than a day, it's a - abstinence symptom Which is characterized by dysphoric and depressive disorders, which are manifested in the form of suicidal thoughts and delusions of persecution, as well as a strong desire to use a new dose of cocaine. The syndrome can last up to a month, and its peak occurs within 3-4 days after the onset. Then comes the period of dysphoric depression, during which a person can not get from anything fun ( anhedonia ). At that time, drug addicts, cocaine, feel inferior, they have a feeling of inner emptiness and despair. Never leave the thought of a new dose of the drug that usually leads to its use. In addicts, cocaine, drug dependence is based on the depression, which can be adynamic, anhedonic and other species. If on the drug refrain from 2 weeks to several months, the symptoms of depression disappear.

Cocaine dependence

American psychiatrists distinguish 4 stages of addiction:

  • stage of social drug use;
  • problem use;
  • critical use;
  • chronic use of the drug.

As with opium addiction, the use of drugs leads to severe cocaine addiction. At the stage of social drug use a person familiar with cocaine and uses it to enhance sexual performance, and as a stimulant during the holidays and highlights. At the stage of problem cocaine use people to buy their own drugs, and can use them for days, resulting in absenteeism and tardiness at work, failure of professional duty, regret about spending money and buying drugs in large quantities, loss of interest in the outside world.

 Cocaine Addiction  At a critical juncture addict continues to use cocaine alone, is not fulfilling its social responsibilities, make new friends from among drug addicts is not fulfilling promises, he breaks his word, his visit manic ideas and improper behavior. The chronic phase of drug use, which is characterized by a constant search for cocaine, coca occur "binges" accompanying overdose and deteriorating physical condition. These episodes gradually become longer. Independently stop drug use is not obtained. It requires long-term treatment of cocaine dependence.

We begin addict problems at work, loss of family, friends, sexual problems and dissatisfaction. At this stage, appear and violations of the mental state, there are visual, auditory and tactile hallucinations, delusions, depression with suicidal tendencies, signs of moral degradation and eccentric behavior.

NARCOLOGY marked complete remission That last several months. During remissions shown attraction to cocaine, which is accompanied by depressive disorders characteristic postkokainovoy dysphoria. These episodes of craving for cocaine may occur even several years after the last drug use.

Cocaine dependence is fraught with complications, which depend on what kind of drug is used and how much time.

The signs of cocaine use include:

  • cocaine psychosis;
  • paranoia ;
  • chronic rhinitis, rhinitis To which leads snorting cocaine. Sometimes it can be observed bleeding   nose and sometimes loss of smell;
  • dilated pupils, eyes shining, sluggish reaction to light;
  • creaking teeth;
  • dysregulation of the body temperature;
  • differences activity from increased activity to the oppressed and depression;
  • gradual loss of memory, confusion of thought;
  • pink-orange bruising at the site of injection of cocaine, which are yellow;
  • incoherence and speed of speech;
  • weight loss due to the fact that cocaine suppresses appetite;
  • insomnia and nightmares.

Cocaine addiction gradually completely kills the body, reduced immunity, resistance to infection, corrupt teeth. Manifest herpes, pimples and boils. Man looks untidy, does not wash, look older than his years, become selfish and callous, irritable and suspicious. They do not see the future and prospects, and cease to strive for something other than getting a new dose.

Regardless of how the cocaine ingested by a person almost immediately feels much like a anesthesia That hides the pain, mental discomfort, bad mood, and creates the illusion that a person is better. It makes a man once tried drugs, wanting him again, cocaine became his "treatment" for depression. Cocaine causes poisoning, which can lead to death. Get used to cocaine quickly after intravenous injection of 4-5 or 2-3 weeks of ingestion. Gradually, the addict receives a day to 3 g of the drug, but it does not lead to death. Over time, Cocaine becoming "superfluous men" to the community, lead a parasitic life, lose their family and friends, and often become criminals go on murder, theft, harassment, betraying his family. By the number of deaths Cocaine is the second after the morphine and heroin.

Treatment of cocaine dependence

Get rid of the cocaine addiction is very difficult to do it on their own only one person out of four. Addicts need skilled care. First you need to remove the discomfort that led man to the top of drug use, but in this case the treatment will be effective. The most effective are rehabilitation centers for drug addicts, where experienced doctors and psychologists to help people find solutions to their problems and learn new attitudes, how to live without drugs. These programs tell patients about drugs, their effects on the body, on the causes of drug use and how to improve their condition. For each patient developed an individual course of treatment and rehabilitation.