Laparoscopic and hysteroscopic surgery

September 22, 2012

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Genito-urinary system in women is particularly vulnerable system. Under the influence of a number of factors, the number of women's diseases in the modern world is constantly growing. Furthermore, many women prefer to postpone the visit to the gynecologist, the consequences of which are serious complications of diseases of the genitourinary system, leading to infertility   and the need for surgical intervention.

Modern medical advances make it possible to carry out some surgical operations with minimal adverse effects. Laparoscopy   gynecology - is an opportunity to resolve a number of gynecological problems, while avoiding the heavy trivmatizatsii and recovery period.

Features laparoscopy

The use of laparoscopy allows for an internal examination or surgery, avoiding carrying large incision. During laparoscopy performed several small incisions, which reduces the discomfort and pain during and after the operation of its implementation. After the restoration of the patient she is virtually no scars, significantly reduced the risk of complications in the postoperative period. The patient does not need a long stay in hospital: in most cases, after the operation it discharged home after one day.

During laparoscopic surgery, make three holes in the anterior abdominal wall. In one of these holes introduce a special optical device - endoscope. Two other openings have been manipulated with surgical instruments. To facilitate operation for inspection or the abdominal cavity of the patient of CO2 gas is added under pressure.

Laparoscopy is indicated for many gynecological diseases. In particular, this method makes it possible to eliminate some of the causes that provoked infertility cure consequences polycystic ovary . In some cases, such an operation is also carried out at the endometriosis . Laparoscopy is used and ectopic pregnancy With the proviso that the patient is not bleeding.

Regarding contraindications for this type of surgery, they there are relatively few. First of all, do not make a laparoscopy for women with a high degree of obesity , Patients suffering from infectious illnesses, disorders of blood clotting. It is impossible to make such an operation for women who stay for a longer period of pregnancy. It should also be noted that the price of laparoscopy depends entirely on the complexity of such an operation in each case.

Laparoscopy Fallopian tubes

One of the most important organs of the female reproductive system are the fallopian tubes. Their main function - Connect the ovaries to the uterus. There are a number of diseases of the body, which is shown in laparoscopic tubal. It is primarily obstruction and soldering pipes , and ectopic pregnancy .

Also, with the use of laparoscopic instruments are tubal ligation for sterilization. This surgery prevents conception.

In the treatment of obstruction of the fallopian tubes, which often causes leading to infertility in women, initially set the exact diagnosis. After this treatment is carried out directly obstruction. Similarly, the removal of adhesions occurs fallopian tubes. Adhesions occur mainly as a consequence of inflammation. By means of special tools during laparoscopy incision is made and the subsequent removal of adhesions.

If a woman has an ectopic pregnancy develops, the more often the attachment of the ovum takes place in the fallopian tubes. If the embryo during pregnancy continues to grow, the result threatens to tear the woman fallopian tube. Subject to the development of pregnancy in the fallopian tube as the use of laparoscopy is expedient to establish the correct diagnosis and to remove the gestational sac, if ruptured fallopian tubes. In the latter case, the practice of operational emergency laparoscopy. Diagnostics with the laparoscopic technique makes it possible to determine whether an egg is fertilized in the fallopian tubes. Emergency laparoscopy allows you to recover after a pipe rupture occurred. Thus, the operation using the present method, in contrast to conventional surgery, not only helps to keep the fallopian tube, but also its function.

Laparoscopy Fallopian tubes also practiced in women with a diagnosis of " hydrosalpinx ". With this illness in the fallopian tubes accumulates a certain amount of liquid. This is either due to inflammation pipe or because blood flow disturbances. The disease is particularly dangerous for women, as the fluid-filled fallopian tubes can be twisted. With laparoscopy with the diagnosis fallopian tube completely removed.

Laparoscopy ovarian

In modern medicine is practiced laparoscopy ovaries during treatment ovarian cysts . With the development of this disease on an ovary cyst is formed - a cavity in which there is a liquid. Such education can be both small and rather impressive size. If the ovaries develop multiple cysts, a woman is diagnosed polycystic ovary syndrome . At the same ailment the patient often suffers from menstrual irregularities, polycystic may also cause infertility.

Laparoscopy ovarian cysts is produced by applying a general anesthesia . To avoid strong bleeding   during the operation, producing coagulation of blood vessels. Those areas of the ovary, which have been damaged during surgery or laser sprayed or destroyed in other ways. Sometimes during this procedure, the doctor takes a sample of tissue for Biopsy . This type of surgery is sometimes also practiced at endometriosis . adenomyosis . uterine cancer .

When the disease is ovarian laparoscopy is one of the fastest and safest way to cure the disease. It allows you to avoid injury, significantly reduce post-operative recovery period and, therefore, treatment in the hospital. In step a woman loses a relatively small amount of blood: if we compare this with the usual blood loss surgery, the patient is observed bleeding with blood loss, ten times less than in the operation. Another definite plus - the use of an optical instrument and, accordingly, a significant increase to ensure the accuracy of the operation.

Laparoscopy gallbladder

The gallbladder is located near the lower edge of the liver. Its defining feature - the accumulation bile As well as the secretion of bile in a certain phase of digestion.

If a person has developed certain diseases, there is an inflammatory process in the gall bladder, which eventually leads to the need to remove the gallbladder.

Laparoscopy gallbladder is performed with general anesthesia. This operation lasts for about one hour. There laparoscopic gallbladder surgery is similar like other organs in the abdominal cavity produced three punctures. Through one of them entered the laparoscope with a video camera to monitor the process of the operation. Two other incision used for introducing endoscopic tools. After the gallbladder is removed, on the cystic duct and vessels superimposed staples. Punctures laparoscopy small: they are about 4-5 mm. When performed postoperative suture puncture, the patient still is in the hospital for several days. After leaving the hospital a few weeks it is recommended to avoid strenuous exercise and stick diet Excluding alcohol, fatty, fried. After laparoscopic gallbladder patient is almost completely restored in a week. Another plus - there are no significant post-operative pain, allowing the patient to avoid receiving potent analgesics. Due to the lack of contact with the external environment after laparoscopy do not develop adhesions inside.

In most cases a laparoscopy is performed at the gallbladder calculous cholecystitis , Which is characterized by the presence of gall stones. However, the state is allocated a number of which are direct contraindications to this type of surgery. In this case, we are talking about the presence of adhesions and scarring, which were formed in the abdomen as a consequence of previous surgeries. It is impossible to carry out laparoscopic gallbladder people with a high degree of obesity, those with a large number of diagnosed gallstones, people with abscess in the area where the gallbladder is located. Moreover, laparoscopy is not carried out in patients with cardiovascular disease, respiratory ailments dekompensatsionnoy on stage, women in the third trimester of pregnancy. However, in most cases, laparoscopy is the most gentle way to remove the gallbladder. Therefore, the cost of laparoscopic surgery is exactly what a number of advantages.

Pregnancy after laparoscopy

Most women, at one time had undergone laparoscopic surgery, it is important to know about when you can plan pregnancy after laparoscopy. First of all, we should consider the fact that laparoscopy in gynecology conducted often enough because of infertility. In the treatment of women produce colliotomy restored patency of tubes removed cysts, and perform other necessary manipulations. In the course of treatment by laparoscopy, the patient recovered the ovulation process, eliminated barriers to movement of the egg, so conception can occur only after the successful completion of treatment.

Therefore, a woman should keep in mind that pregnancy after laparoscopy is possible in the near future. However, such patients if pregnancy occurs it is important to continuously monitor a gynecologist, to pass a comprehensive examination. Sometimes you want the reception of drugs to normal pregnancy after laparoscopy. In that case, agents are assigned to maintain the normal hormonal levels.

Sometimes, in the absence of pregnancy after laparoscopic intervention doctor may prescribe conduct this procedure again.

Hysteroscopy uterus

Another commonly used method of investigation and treatment of diseases affecting women is hysteroscopy . This procedure is considered as safe for the health of the woman. Spend the interference with the use of intravenous anesthesia , It uses a special medical instrument - hysteroscope. It is a thin tube equipped with an optical fiber. This tube is used to produce an enlarged image of the uterus inside. For precise data is smoothing the uterus, for which it is filled with sterile saline. Uterus Hysteroscopy allows the doctor to establish an accurate diagnosis, as other studies do not allow just as well to determine the presence of changes and deviations. Among other things, this study provides a visual estimate of irregularities in the endometrium.

Hysteroscopy modern physicians prescribed for various diseases of the female reproductive system. This method is practiced in the study hyperplasia of the endometrium, as well as the suspected presence of endometrial polyps or the development of cancer. Conduct hysteroscopy is suitable for the diagnosis of uterine bleeding, disturbances of the menstrual cycle, the presence of adhesions in the uterus, infertility, as well as in determining whether parts of the ovum due to an ectopic pregnancy, remove residual intrauterine contraceptive to control for certain types of treatment of diseases.

In addition to high-quality diagnostic hysteroscopy are made by some surgery. For example, if the diagnosis is made benign, a doctor in some cases may immediately remove such tumors, or take a sample of the material for further analysis.

Before hysteroscopic examination should always consult with a gynecologist. The doctor conducts a preliminary examination, as well as research for infectious diseases. It is important to bear in mind that hysteroscopy, you should not spend during pregnancy, so you need to make in its absence. The uterus hysteroscope is inserted through the cervical canal. The total duration of such a procedure - 5-10 minutes.

There are also a number of contraindications to perform hysteroscopy. The procedure is not practiced in infectious diseases in the acute stage, in diseases of the heart, liver, lung, kidney decompensation during pregnancy.

If the patient is held operative hysteroscopy, the parallel with the hysteroscope used different tools for surgical procedures. The recovery period after surgery using a hysteroscope lasts several days after the diagnostic procedure the woman returned home a few hours later. After hysteroscopy, currently there is minimal complications. Consequences of hysteroscopy create minimal discomfort for women. Therefore, despite the value of hysteroscopy, this procedure today is widely popular in the treatment of many diseases.

Pregnancy after hysteroscopy

To determine whether the probability of pregnancy after hysteroscopic, consider exactly what caused the pathological phenomena of such a procedure. Often hysteroscopy is assigned to women precisely in order to exclude or confirm the presence of the factors influencing infertility.

After the hysteroscopic interventions woman should undergo ultrasound after one month and six months after the procedure. If treatment is successful, the experts advise to plan pregnancy after about six months after surgery. But as evidenced by the many reviews of hysteroscopy, very often conception occurs within a few months after the application of this method of treatment of women's diseases.