Nitroglycerine

Description overdue on 15.09.2011

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Nitroglycerine   - Vasodilator, vasodilatig, antianginal drug from the group organic nitrates It applies to Cardiology .Preparat Affects the coronary arteries, cerebral blood vessels, venous vessels after 2 min. nitroglycerin. The maximum effect is achieved after 15-30 min. Sublingual form of preparation cropped attack angina   after 1 and 5 minutes, an antianginal, hemodynamic effect lasts for 30-60 minutes. The mechanism of action of nitroglycerin due to the improvement of metabolic processes, reducing the need for oxygen in the heart muscle by reducing preload and afterload.

Terms of appointment:

1-2 Cap alcoholic solution of the drug is applied to the language, in some cases, moisten a piece of sugar 1-3 drops, and then hold it under the tongue. 1% solution: maximum allowable single dose - cap 4, a day not more than 16 cap under the tongue. Nitroglycerin tablets placed under the tongue, hold until resorption. For adults: 1-2 m. At the reception. The day to 6 tablets. The scheme is similar to taking the capsules to tablets. If pain subsided within 5 min., Then take another 0, 5 mg. If after taking 3 tablets is not marked improvement of health, the call for a doctor. Long-acting nitroglycerin medications prescribed for frequent attacks of angina.

Indications:

The drug is prescribed for left ventricular failure . spasm of blood vessels of the heart . brain . Nitroglycerin is effective in the central artery embolic lesions retinal .

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, allergic reaction to nitrates, acute coronary thrombosis , High intracranial pressure, acute phase flow myocardial infarction , Constrictive pericarditis, isolated mitral stenosis, cardiac tamponade, uncontrolled hypovolemia, bleeding stroke , Collapse, toxic pulmonary edema, hyperthyroidism , Subarachnoid hemorrhage, severe anemia, stroke, pregnancy.

The drug is absolutely contraindicated in patients with angle-closure glaucoma   with high intraocular pressure. With caution is prescribed nitroglycerin in severe atherosclerotic vascular lesions of the brain. In diseases of the liver, kidney drug is prescribed with caution.

Side effects:

Cardiovascular system : Heat, noise, and ringing in the ears, headache, tachycardia, drop in blood pressure. Rarely, cyanosis, orthostatic collapse, fainting.

Gastrointestinal tract : Dyspepsia, dry mouth, epigastric pain.

CNS Rarely confusion, anxiety, disorientation   in the space of the visual perception, headache, and weakness.

Overdose:

Symptoms: rapid decline in blood pressure, reflex tachycardia, increased sleepiness, fatigue, and nausea. At high doses: tachypnea . dyspnea . carbohemia , Cyanosis, collapse. Treatment is symptomatic. When methemoglobinemia intravenously administered solution of 1% methylene blue per 1 kg of 0, 10-0, 15 ml.

Special instructions:

Receiving drugs may lead to a drop in blood pressure. If rapid change in body position, in hot weather, during physical activity, when consuming alcoholic beverages appears dizziness. Nitroglycerin like other nitrates eventually loses its effectiveness, which makes it necessary to gradually increase the dosage. After contact with the drug on the skin may experience periodic headaches. The drug reduces the rate of mental and motor responses.

Drug Interactions:

Procainamide, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, vasodilators, ACE inhibitors, blockers "slow" calcium channel inhibitors, MAO reinforce hypotensive effect . Nitroglycerin concentration increases dihydroergotamine blood raises blood pressure. The drug reduces the effectiveness of Heparin   while receiving.