Umbilical hernia

January 11, 2012

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Hernia   - A process in which there is a protrusion of a specific organ under the skin in the tissue between the muscles or other internal organs. The hernia may also protrude into the loop of intestines or omentum, the integrity of the skin is not broken.

Abdominal hernia   - One of the most common hernias. Wherein umbilical hernia   in adults and children diagnosed today very often, taking on the extent of the second largest species of hernias of the anterior abdominal wall. In patients with umbilical hernia internal organs go through physiological hole that appears in the anterior abdominal wall. This hole is localized near the navel ( umbilical ring   - A congenital weak spot).

Because the symptoms and course of the disease differ markedly from people in different age periods, distinguish umbilical hernia in adults and umbilical hernia in children.

Umbilical hernia in children

In children, an umbilical hernia - a consequence of a defect in the development of manifestations of the anterior abdominal wall. Typically, the occurrence of herniation occurs due to increased abdominal pressure, which cause a variety of factors. In infants umbilical hernia diagnosed quite often. This disease occurs mainly in the first months of life, most umbilical hernia manifests itself in girls.

To determine the presence of umbilical hernia in children, it is necessary to draw attention to the presence of some signs of the disease. So, if you hold the baby upright, then straining it will manifest itself protrusion having an oval or circular shape. Moreover, if the baby back to the horizontal position, the protrusion of their own have the right to back into place. It is easy to occur if there is a broad hernial ring . In the narrow hernial ring hernia reduction can occur more complicated. This phenomenon is sometimes regarded as having a partial infringement. Much less hernia in children found complete infringement.

Umbilical hernias in adults

In adults, umbilical hernias account for a low percentage (3-5%) of abdominal hernias in general. Umbilical hernia in adults is most often diagnosed in women who have reached the age of thirty. The main cause of this disease is a manifestation of the weakening of the umbilical ring, which provokes stretching of the anterior abdominal wall in the process of carrying a child, and during childbirth. If the hernia is very large, the bag may have more than one camera, and its content can be intestines   and stomach .

Symptoms of an umbilical hernia occur depending on whether the value of direct hernia, what size hernial ring as pronounced spikes, and whether the patient obesity .

Hernias in adults to distinguish between reduce a   and nevpravlyaemye . In the latter case there is a fusion of the hernia sac surrounding tissues due to adhesions.

In some cases, umbilical hernia small special troubles patients do not deliver. But this is possible only if the width of the hernial ring is big enough, and at the same time a hernia can be freely right. If the hernia is large, and the gates are relatively narrow, the motion contents of the intestines can become very difficult. As a result, patients are shown constipation , Pain, vomiting and nausea. If the hernia nevpravimaya, similar phenomena will be more pronounced.

In the process of the formation of the disease can reach particularly large, to go in all the organs located in the abdominal cavity in the hernial sac.

As a result, patients experience significant discomfort, hernia impairs the quality of life in general. In this situation it is not always possible hernia surgery, because preoperative planning necessary steps to prepare for such intervention. Quite often, the condition of the patients affected by the presence of a negative overweight .

Infringement of umbilical hernia

Umbilical hernia in adults may be infringed. These features are typical for the elderly, because the conditions for infringement of hernias occur over time, and, the more time there is a hernia, the more chances for the occurrence of infringement.

Strangulated hernia can occur at any value of education. The main symptom of infringement of an umbilical hernia is considered to be a manifestation of a sharp pain at the site of herniation, as well as the inability to reposition of the hernia, which reduce a previously simple. If violated intestinal loops, then the person may manifest symptoms of the condition acute intestinal obstruction and .

Diagnosis of umbilical hernia

Typically, umbilical hernia can be diagnosed simply because in most cases to specialists, patients were treated with certain symptoms. So pronounced protrusion of the navel, disappearing when a person takes a horizontal position, a clear sign of an umbilical hernia. In addition, in the process of consultation and examination of the patient the doctor finds out whether there is pain in the abdomen during heavy exercise and coughing, whether there is an extension of the umbilical ring.

Diagnosis of umbilical hernia surgeon holds. For more detailed results of the study carried out X-ray of the stomach and duodenum, ultrasound herniation and gastroscopy. In some cases, the method herniography (injection into the abdominal contrast agent, which allows you to explore a hernia).

In the survey process is particularly important to the differentiation of umbilical hernia metastases   gastric cancer. Also during the research often reveals diseases that accompany umbilical hernia.

Treatment of umbilical hernia

In general in the treatment of children umbilical hernia surgery is not required. Usually in children three to five years to become less umbilical hole, and then closed without outside influence. However, if the specified age, this process does not happen, it requires the intervention of the surgeon.

Applied and conservative treatment of hernia. It is a process of strengthening the abdominal wall by performing gymnastic exercises, as well as a specially designed course Massage . Actively used massage to treat children with congenital umbilical hernia. Under the influence of such procedures in the process of growth and the strengthening of abdominal umbilical hernia in children mostly successfully cured.

Experts advise particularly cautious approach to sealing hernia plaster. After all, this action is fraught with irritation of the skin and the subsequent spread of infection.

At the same time the treatment of adult umbilical hernia surgery is a necessary method. Conservative treatment for umbilical hernia are assigned only in case of uncomplicated hernias or when serious contraindications to surgery in a patient. Thus, the operation is performed in acute diseases, as well as an exacerbation of chronic diseases, people with cardiovascular disease and respiratory systems, serious illnesses, women in late pregnancy pregnancy . When conservative treatment of patients are strongly encouraged to significantly reduce the exercise, lose weight permanently wear a special brace.

During surgery, the physician determines and discloses the hernial sac and the contents of the bag was immersed into the abdominal cavity. Then held the closing and the subsequent strengthening of the hernial ring according to the developed methodology.

Complications of umbilical hernia

The most common complication of an umbilical hernia is its denial, during which there is a sharp squeeze contained in hernial ring. Under this condition the patient may need emergency care. It is important to urgently go to a specialist, if a person is shown vomiting and nausea, there is blood in the stool or flatus and defecation are absent altogether, the hernia can not be the right in a horizontal position.

Also can be a complication of inflammation in the body, is in the hernial sac. Another option complications of umbilical hernia - coprostasia   (stagnation of feces in the colon).

Prevention of umbilical hernia

In newborn babies for prevention of umbilical hernia is important to dress the umbilical cord, and in the early days of baby's life to care for the navel properly. It should follow the diet of the newborn - it should not overeat and suffer from constipation. Breast kids several times a day, spread on his stomach in order to strengthen the abdominal muscles. You do not need too tightly swaddled newborn baby. In the first days and weeks of life is not worth keeping it upright and throw up, to prevent the manifestation of an umbilical hernia in children.

Pregnant women for the prevention of stretching of the abdominal wall may wear a bandage. It is important to pay special attention to the quality of food to lead an active and dynamic lifestyle. An important role in the prevention of umbilical hernia plays training the abdominal muscles with the help of special exercises. If a person is obese, you should take the right steps for the normalization of weight.

Particular attention to the prevention of hernia should be paid to people who have previously had surgery on the abdominal organs. In order to prevent problems in the future, it should be for two months after surgery, postoperative to wear elastic bandage, in any case does not lift weights and perform exercises for the abdominals.