Nifedipine

Description overdue on 04-04-2012

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Selective BCCI . The active component has an antihypertensive, antianginal, vasodilating effects. The principle of operation is based on reducing the flow of calcium in the smooth muscle cells of the peripheral and coronary vessels,   cardiomyocytes . High doses of the drug to inhibit the release of calcium ions from intracellular stores. Nifedipine is not affected at the time of inactivation, activation, restoration and the number of functioning channels. The drug has no effect on the tone of the veins. The basic substance activates collaterals, improves nutrition   the ischemic area of ​​the myocardium   It does not cause the phenomenon of "steal" strengthens coronary blood flow . The drug increases the diastolic relaxation of the left ventricle, reducing myocardial tone, enhances peripheral artery . The active ingredient does not exert an antiarrhythmic effect, does not affect the operation and SA atriventrikulyarnogo site . Nifedipine is produced in the form of pills, tablets, drops.

Indications:

Nifedipine prescribed for hypertension, Raynaud's syndrome , Angina (unstable, stable vasospastic, voltage) with coronary artery spasm, hypertension, pulmonary circulation .

Contraindications:

Nifedipine is not indicated in severe hypertension, intolerance, breastfeeding, pregnancy. If hypotension, renal failure, the system, expressed Mitral valve stenosis , Aortic, myocardial infarction, hepatic pathology system for the elderly, with obstruction of the digestive system is prescribed with caution after specialist consultation.

Side effect:

Nervous system:   drowsiness, asthenia , Fatigue, dizziness, headaches. Cardiovascular system:   worsening of current heart failure, excessive drop in blood pressure, arrhythmia, tachycardia , Peripheral edema. Digestive system: gingival hyperplasia , Dry mouth, dyspepsia, abnormalities in liver function, increased appetite. Perhaps the development of arthralgia , Myalgia, joint swelling, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenic purpura , Allergy, autoimmune hepatitis , Blurred vision, burning at the injection site, galactorrhea, gynecomastia, pulmonary edema, weight gain.

Overdose:

The marked drop in blood pressure, flushing of the facial skin, headaches, bradyarrhythmia, bradycardia, suppression of work sinus node . Requires gastric lavage, the appointment of calcium supplements that act antidote. Calcium gluconate is administered intravenously. If a strong drop in blood pressure, dopamine or dobutamine administered. With the development of heart failure prescribed strophanthin. When violations conductivity - an artificial pacemaker, isoprenaline, atropine. Hemodialysis is recognized as ineffective.

Mode of application:

Nifedipine administered sublingually, intracoronary, intravenously, orally. The maximum daily dose - 40 mg. When hypertensive crisis sublingually administered 10 mg of the drug every half an hour, under the control of the pulse pressure. Long-acting forms of the drug Nifedipine recommended to appoint vasospastic angina at a dose of 80 mg per day. In case of violation of cerebral circulation, diseases of the liver, the kidneys reduce the dosage. For relief of hypertensive crisis drug is administered intravenously: 0, 6-1, 2 mg / hour. When coronary spasm Nifedipine is administered intracoronary: 0, 1-0, 2 mg.

Special instructions:

Invalid receiving alcoholic beverages during treatment. Abolition of the drug produced gradually. Co-administration of beta-blockers is acceptable only under the supervision of the doctor because of the risk of excessive fall in blood pressure, worsening of heart failure flow. Use of the drug Nifedipine can cause a positive reaction Coombs. Inotropic effect   It can be enhanced with the appointment of flekainamidom, disopyramide. The probability of kidney damage increases when administering the drug to the elderly. Nifedipine affect the management of vehicles, concentration.

Drug Interactions:

Nifedipine lowers blood quinidine, amplifies tachycardia in combination with nitrates. The drug increases the concentration of digoxin, which requires monitoring. Cimetidine, nitrates increase the severity of the hypotensive effect. In appointing alpha-blocker , Prazosin marked inhibition of their metabolism. It is unacceptable intracoronary administration   drug in conjunction with other medications.