Changes in skin color

March 6, 2014

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Chromatopathy   - A change in color of human skin. Such violations occur relatively frequently. Sometimes they do not cause human discomfort, but in some cases even on a photo dyschromia skin easily distinguishable. In such cases, a high-quality diagnosis and treatment of dyschromia skin.

How does the change of color of the skin?

Healthy skin color due to the presence in it of four different pigments. Melanin   - A brown pigment, which is mostly located in the basal layer of the epidermis. Carotene   - Yellow pigment which is released into epidermal keratinocytes. The red pigment - this hemoglobin That is saturated with oxygen and stored in the capillaries. Blue pigment - A reduced hemoglobin, which is in venules.

Changes in skin pigmentation may have a different genesis. Brown spots on the skin often appear as a result of excess melanin. In more rare cases, the dark spots on the body associated with the deposition in the skin above the other pigments. Violation of the pigmentation of the skin on the hands, shins and other areas of the body can also occur due to exposure to certain environmental factors. Treatment of such phenomena depends primarily on what causes age spots will be detected. Causes skin pigmentation on his legs, arms and other parts of the body, may be associated with diseases, and external influences. For example, spots on the hands can be caused by exposure to sunlight, etc.

To determine the characteristics and causes of the phenomenon is not enough just to see the photo or conduct an external inspection. Specialists in diagnosing define two types of dyschromia - congenital   and purchased . Acquired dyschromia can be primary   and secondary .

When dyschromia can be marked as hyperchromia   (hyperpigmentation) and hypochromia   (hypopigmentation). Also coloring of the skin may be completely absent ( achromia   or depigmentation ).

If a person suffers from a congenital form of the disease, the color change can be kept throughout his life. If he develops the acquired form of the disease, the changes over time disappear or remain forever (it depends on their causes).

Why does it change the color of the skin?

The pigment melanin is produced in the skin under the influence UV . Melanin is produced by cells melanocytes . If the body produces too much melanin, the body may occur freckles . chloasma . birthmarks . dark spots .

If an insufficient amount of melanin produced, the person may suffer albinism . vitiligo .

Freckles   (the scientific name for this phenomenon - efelidy ) Often occur in people who have a genetic predisposition to this phenomenon. If the sunburn Tyrosine is distributed evenly in the skin, the freckles appear at irregular arrangement of tyrosine, which later turns into melanin.

This is most clearly manifested in man freckles aged 20-25 years, and after the age of 35, they become paler. Most freckles occur in people with red hair and blondes. Especially noticeable freckles, if human skin color is white.

Age spots on the face appear older people. Such formations are sometimes called "senile" lentigo. Their appearance is connected with exposure to the skin to sunlight. This flat brown patches of skin that appear in the majority of cases on hands, skin, back, shoulders. Questions about why there are such spots, which causes pigmentation of the skin on the face, the most relevant for women after 50 years. Over the years, the skin is more delicate and susceptible to external influences. But sometimes whiten dark spots and women try at a younger age. These stains are not harmful to health, so medical treatment is required. However, for reasons of removal of cosmetic defects, provoking psychological distress carried out by the various whitening facial treatments and salon techniques.

Chloasma - A shade of brown spots that appear on the face mainly in women during pregnancy. Chloasma can change the color matte skin and the development of certain diseases of female genitalia, with ailments of the liver, with the infestation. If such entities are merged into one spot, its size can be quite large. As soon as the reason for which there is a spot disappears, education disappears. That is, after delivery   woman's face again becomes clean.

Forming birthmarks   associated with the accumulation of melanocytes in the skin. Moles in different quantities have most people. They appear on the body in the first years of baby's life. Most such spots appear during those periods when a person is undergoing serious hormonal surges - during puberty, during pregnancy, menopause . More serious health risk are those birthmarks, which appeared immediately after birth and later in life. Such education often degenerate into Melanoma .

Melanoma - This is the most dangerous to human pigmentation disorders. This malignant tumor that develops very aggressive. Melanoma grows deep into the skin and spread further, affecting other organs. Therefore it is very important to diagnose the disease as early as possible and start treatment.

Vitiligo - Is the appearance of the skin colorless areas due to loss of pigment. The body is to produce antibodies which attack melonotsity. The only symptom of vitiligo is a colorless, pale skin color in certain areas of the body. This phenomenon is relatively rare. Reasons pale skin color caused by autoimmune lesions. The disease is associated with hereditary predisposition.

Brown spots may appear on the ground burns, insect bites, scars, scratching, rashes when hives . Change the color of the skin and is sometimes associated with the treatment of some drugs (estrogens, contraceptives), a dysfunction of the immune system.

After the usual tanning active under sunlight or after a visit to the solarium on the body may also appear dark areas.

Changes in skin color can be associated not only with pigmentation disorders, and common diseases. For example, sallow skin color or gray man clearly shows that his health is not okay. Note that the types of the color of human skin and may vary due to inherent characteristics. Quite a wide palette of shades of skin is considered the norm. What color is the skin of a person depends on its genetic characteristics.

But if a man says that he has to change the hue of the skin, the disease can be suspected. It is, first of all, to determine what are his natural skin tones (color may vary under the influence of sun, lack of sleep, etc.). Accurate diagnosis and identify the name of the disease, only after going to the doctor.

If gray skin became very evident for a short time, it may indicate a violation of the digestive system. A sharp change in the complexion gray is an occasion for a visit to a gastroenterologist. Earthy-gray shade may be evidence of irregularities in the functioning of the pancreas. Also gray color of the skin is typical for people who have a lot of smoke, abuse alcohol.

Red complexion - a consequence of the expansion of blood vessels and blood flow active. This happens to human health, staying in hot areas or in the heat on the street. Then, dramatically increasing the body temperature. A person may blush and due to serious poisoning - toxic, drugs, alcohol. However, redness of the face may be evidence of hypertension, problems in the functions of the cardiovascular system. How to determine the exact diagnosis, the doctor will tell. In this case, the most important question is not about how to improve the complexion and immediate elimination of the causes redness. How to align the complexion with a slight redness that is associated with the peculiarities of the skin, prompt specialist cosmetologist.

Those who want to get a smooth olive complexion, and for this purpose regularly sunbathe, it should be noted that the ultraviolet exacerbates any pigmentation. Therefore it is very important to always use a high-quality protective gear.

How to get rid of the discoloration of the skin?

If a pigment in a particular area of ​​the body, how to make a smooth complexion, it is necessary to consult a dermatologist. Even if a person has slightly changed pigmentation, just buy the cream of age spots is not enough. Originally need to be examined by a cosmetologist, and if necessary - also visit a dermatologist, general practitioner.

Whitening cream of pigment stains contain a different material composition, in particular, vitamin C . abutin , Azelianovuyu acid. Sometimes cream against pigment spots and contains other components. But keep in mind that their impact can be toxic, so use such means to be very careful.

Another effective cream of pigmentation on the face - a means, which contains mercury. However, it is also toxic, so initially it is necessary to check whether the cream does not cause a negative reaction, causing him to a small area of ​​skin for 24 hours. This tool is not suitable for people with serious illnesses, pregnant women.

Do not, without prior consultation with a doctor to use the funds from unknown manufacturers, for example, advertised a cream with Chinese instructions unreadable and incomprehensible composition. Yet the best cream to remove stains can advise only expert who originally defined the reason for changes in the color of the skin.

It is equally important to use a quality sunscreen, staying out of direct sunlight. It is important to protect this means the skin, the hands. If there is only a light pigmentation, sometimes to eliminate it is only required to apply the exfoliator.

Often in modern cosmetology practiced pigmentation laser treatment .  If you can not get rid of color changes in the home, the treatment of hyperpigmentation of the skin is carried out in a salon or clinic .  For information on how to get rid of age spots with a laser, a more detailed account specialist who individually treats .  Laser removal of age spots is carried out using dosing beam that is directed to the area of ​​pigmentation .  After this procedure, the spot for some time become darker after they exfoliate .  Widely practiced laser removal of pigmentation on the face, as it is removed by severe post-traumatic pigmentation in all parts of the body .  Laser treatment can not be practiced in acute infectious diseases, pregnancy, in the presence of inflammation at the site of pigmentation .  This procedure is relatively painful, the treated area to heal quickly .

Practices and other methods of removing such stains - freeze . fotoudalenie   (removal operation), elimination of pigmentation and other folk remedies.

However, the decision about how to remove age spots, you can not take yourself. The most effective treatments will always be those who are appointed expert.

The process of whitening procedures practiced by most two stages of exposure. Firstly, this providing exfoliation of the stratum corneum of the skin, and secondly - slowing the production of melanin. For exfoliation peels practices, which contributes to the drying of the skin. As a consequence, it is aging more rapidly. Therefore it is absolutely necessary to take care of moisture.

Moles tend to be removed only if there are specific medical indications. Remove moles advisable only if they are a serious cosmetic defect. However, not damaged, dramatically increases the moles need to pay close attention, because of the risk of degeneration into malignancy. In this case, a survey should be carried out without delay. Melanoma - a serious condition that requires immediate treatment. Note that pigmentation, which is a symptom of a particular disease, it can not be eliminated as long as will not determine the cause of its occurrence. After this treatment is prescribed underlying disease. In this case, the bleaching procedure is usually rendered useless.