Stutter

November 28, 2011

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Stutter   - A pathology of speech, because of which violated the tempo, rhythm, fluency pronunciation of words. During stuttering also disrupted the overall coherence of the work votes . speech muscles . breath . These problems arise from seizures   in different areas of the vocal apparatus. Such seizures are divided into clonic   (that is, the constant repetition of a particular sound or syllable repetition often occurs at the beginning of the word) and tonic   (tensions, which does not allow to overcome the crash, which occurred in the course of the speech). Diagnose and tono-clonic stuttering   - A mixed view. Stuttering in children causes a child's speech in the forced stops in pronunciation or the constant repetition of certain syllables and sounds. Usually, stuttering in children manifests itself in a period of two years up to the age of five. It was during this period, kids actively developing speech and speech function is not yet strong enough and developed. It has been observed that about three to four times more likely to stutter start to the boys. This feature experts explain the fact that representatives of the male less stable emotionally.

Causes of stuttering

To understand how to cure stuttering, should be aware of the reasons why it manifests itself. Conventionally, all the causes that give rise to such diseases as stuttering in children can be divided into two groups: those factors that predispose the "soil" and those that produce tremors to stuttering.

Factors that predispose called, decided to attribute:

• availability neuropathic abnormalities   all sorts of parents;
• neuropathic especially stuttering toddler ( enuresis , Nightmares, high irritability, emotional problems);
• constitutional predisposition to the disease (problems in the nervous system, trauma).

Also, those factors are heredity (innate weakness of the vocal apparatus can be passed genetically), brain damage due to various reasons the child (injuries in utero and during labor, complications of childhood diseases).

Reasons for producing also divided into several types. Physiological factors   are encephalitic illness with consequences resulting in the early periods of trauma disorders in the brain, problems with the activity of the nervous system caused by disease and active relaxing central offices of speech .

Mental Health and   social causes   the following factors: single-stage mental trauma (fear, fright), long periods of exposure to child trauma, constant conflicts and related experiences negative emotions that trigger mental stress. Stuttering can cause serious injury and mental health. This abrupt and unexpected shock that provoked particularly sharp affective response : A sense of horror, a great joy.

Stuttering in children can develop due to improper formation initially function of speech in children. For example, a child may get used to speak very quickly begin to inhale it, mispronounce sounds. Negative impacts on children and it parents, which is characterized by speed and nervousness, as well as the load is too strong verbal material, inappropriate child's age. It is noticed that the parents insistence on mastering the child too early in many languages ​​provoking manifestation of stuttering in one of them. The child can also hear the voice of the person who stutters, and emulate him deliberately or inadvertently start to stutter.

In the process of relearning child-left-hander   he may be disoriented nervous activity and, as a consequence of stuttering. Too strict attitude to the student teacher can become an impetus for the development of stuttering. In order to understand how to cure stuttering, the physician must identify a number of features in the specific case of the disease.

Symptoms of stuttering

During the first signs of stuttering child may start abruptly silent and refuse to talk constantly. This silence may last a few hours or a whole day. Then he spoke, the child is already beginning to stutter. It should be noted that the surgical treatment to a specialist even before stuttering evident, speech pathology can be prevented.

Stuttering can be accompanied by the use of extra sound before some words (as a rule, vowels ), The repetition of certain syllables, words or phrases in the beginning, a sudden stop in the middle of a sentence, a word, difficulties before we start.

Examination of the patient's stuttering

The treatment of stuttering in children requires careful preliminary examination of the patient. During the examination, the expert should carry out a detailed questioning of parents stuttering patient. So, it is very important to clarify the features of mental health of the parents, whether they have other diseases. The doctor asks about how the pregnancy proceeded. Skilled is important to know all the information about how to develop speech stammering child when he began to babble, talk, said first words and phrases connected, how is its verbal environment.

Particular attention is given to the education of the child in the family. Thus, it is important to know how it is treated adult, they help in the formation of speech. Speech   It asks parents about the details when it is showing signs of stuttering as they put it, as a child speaks to people and staying alone. After all the answers obtained, the physician performs a detailed examination of a child's speech, as well as other processes that may affect his speech.

So, the doctor concludes that sociability . peculiarities of speech . motility , The features exhibited by a child in play and learning. In order to study was the most comprehensive, used books, pictures, toys.

As a result, the expert must determine what form of stuttering is inherent to the patient and how it originated, how often stuttering manifests what other speech disorders, as well as other functions to occur. If possible, the expert finds out, and how the child relates to stuttering.

Treatment of stuttering

The most favorable results in the treatment of stuttering appear if hold it children 2 - 4 years . At the same time the least suitable for the treatment is considered adolescence   because of all the psychological characteristics of the child in that age group.

To the treatment of stuttering in children was most effective, it should keep under observation of the child at the neuropsychiatrist . speech therapist . To understand how to get rid of stuttering, it should first of all take into account the fact that these children are too weak nervous system, therefore, important individual approach to the child who stutters. It is important to ensure a calm and friendly atmosphere in the family, as well as adhere to the correct speech mode .

To the treatment of stuttering has been the most effective, it should be the child's parents to join forces and several experts. So the doctor neuropsychiatrist prescribe drugs that will affect a calming as well as the funds that are removed spasms Occurring in speech muscles. To find out how to cure stuttering, an expert studying the family situation. Doctor this profile can properly assess the overall family environment and suggest how to act, so that the child feel as comfortable as possible.

In recent years become especially popular new methods of treatment of stuttering, which are psychotherapeutic . By the way, the treatment of stuttering in adults similarly involves the use of new techniques. Such treatment of stuttering based on the fact that stuttering is considered a form of "learned" behavior. That is stuttering is perceived not as a disease but as a certain form of conduct that is subject to correction. And Specialist directs all efforts to ensure that convince the child that you need to be sure to speak without stuttering.

To cure stuttering, widely used methods relaxation . switching attention , and hypnosis . Patients are taught to speak slowly, while making certain movements with his hands in the designated rhythm. Such exercises distract baby from the speech, and he can relax.

A good effect in the treatment of this disease provide physiotherapy . It electrosleep , and electrophoresis   using different drugs. Appointed as physical therapy sessions, reflexology .

Today, there are also many areas of speech therapy techniques. Thus, the therapist spends with the child classes correct speech breath makes voice exercises It teaches a smooth and slow speech.

Today, there are a lot of speech therapy techniques, and, different specialists use a variety of methods.

Overcoming stuttering home

Parents and other family members also have the right to act to help the child overcome the illness. Do not give your child understand that his illness is too serious - anxiety can worsen the condition of the child. At the same time it is important to maintain in the family a relaxed and friendly environment, and particularly to try to cause the child as much as possible of positive emotions. The child needs to be given a lot of time, which should be interesting and useful. It is necessary to ensure that the baby had no reason to too much stress. Note that it may cause certain TV shows, terrible tales of the child, too strong impression.

Do not scare the stuttering child and leave him alone in the dark indoors. Penalties must be different: for example, you can restrict your child to play your favorite game. From toddler to properly say say the words slowly and slowly, take your time in the conversation. Features of education of the child must take into account the teacher. For example, the student with stuttering should not call the board first, try to help him to pronounce the difficult words.

Bring employment benefit singing and dancing, because it will help to work sense of rhythm . It must be remembered that stuttering in children can manifest itself after overcoming the illness. For information on how to get rid of stuttering completely, tell doctor and give appropriate recommendations.

Prevention of stuttering in children

Execution parents and family members of the above rules is effective prevention of stuttering. It should also ensure the child's full and healthy sleep, good food. If possible, it should be observed more or less stringent schedule of the day. In the period of the speech at the kid should regularly visit a speech therapist with a child who tells you how to act if in the process of speech occur some problems.

To ensure proper language development in a child, parents must unswervingly adhere to certain rules in communion with him. So, talk to the baby should be slow enough, saying the words slowly. It is advisable to communicate with ease, correctly pronounce the words, so that eventually we became parents a good example for the child. A child should always listen attentively and do not interrupt. If during the conversation you look at the child, he will feel much more confident. Regularly keep a conversation with your child, do not ignore this possibility. This will help make it more kid smooth, steady and correct.