Ampicillin

Description overdue on 19.12.2011

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The antibiotic is semisynthetic penicillin , Has bekteritsidnoe effect active against gram Flora Enterococci , Nonsporeforming aerobic bacteria, gram-negative flora, many species Salmonella , Shigella, Escherichia. Ampicillin does not render of bactericidal of influence on Klebsiella, enterobacteria, penitsillinazoprodutsirtsyuschie strains streptococci. It is produced in the form of capsules, granules and lyophilisate to prepare a solution, a powder, in pellet form. 5 ml of the finished suspension contains ampicillin trihydrate in an amount of 250 mg.

Indications:

Ampicillin is effectively used to treat bacterial infections. Respiratory system, ENT organs : pharyngitis . tonsillitis . sinusitis , Lung abscess, pneumonia, bronchitis , Otitis media. The urinary system, the kidneys : urethritis . cystitis , Pyelitis, pyelonephritis , Gonorrhea. The drug is prescribed for cholecystitis , Cholangitis, cervicitis , Dermatoses, impetigo, erysipelas, listeriosis, pasteurellosis, dysentery . paratyphoid , Typhoid fever, salmonellezonositelstve, salmonellosis , Peritonitis, endokarlite, sepsis, meningitis .

Contraindications:

Ampicillin do not appoint at an allergy to penicillin, insufficiency hepatic the system, hay fever, bronchial asthma, breastfed, pregnancy.

Side effect:

Digestive system : stomatitis . dysbiosis , Glossitis, pseudomembranous enterocolitis , Elevated liver enzymes, a violation of the chair, dyspepsia, dry mouth. Nervous system : convulsions , Tremor of limbs, headaches. Allergic reactions : Maculopapular rash, erythematous rash , Arthralgia, fever, eosinophilia, erythema multiforme, anaphylactic shock. Perhaps the development of of thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, of anemia, agranulocytosis, the formation of of infiltrates at the injection site, of phlebitis. It is also noted   candidiasis   of the vagina, superinfection, nephropathy, interstitial nephritis. If overdose is recorded violation of water-electrolyte balance, diarrhea, vomiting. Need receiving saline laxatives, gastric lavage, maintenance of water and electrolyte balance, posimptomnaya therapy. Effective timely hemodialysis.

Mode of application:

Ampicillin prescribed for an hour before meal, four times a day for 0, 25 g, drinking plenty of fluids. For infections of the digestive system, urinary organs take medication at a dose of 0, 5 g four times a day. When listeriosis intramuscularly or intravenously administered 50 mg / kg injections performed every 6 hours. Moderate infection: intramuscularly 0, 5 grams every 8 hours. Meningitis: 6-8 times a day dosage 14g per day. Gonococcal urethritis : Intramuscularly twice a day for 0, 5 grams, or a single oral dose of 3, 5 grams.

Special instructions:

With the development of superinfection due to growth insensitive microflora need to change and correction of antibiotic regimens. During the course of therapy is necessary to conduct regular monitoring of the functional state of the renal system, the blood, the liver system. In sepsis may develop Jarisch-Herxheimer   (bacteriolysis). If you are sensitive to antibiotics may develop a history of allergic cross-reaction with other beta-lactam antibiotics. Do not appoint antidiarrheal agents that reduce intestinal peristalsis, it is necessary to appoint a koalinsoderzhaschie attapulgitsoderzhaschie drugs from diarrhea. After the disappearance of clinical signs of the treatment was continued for 72 hours.

Drug Interactions:

Glucosamine , Antacids, aminoglycosides , Reduce the absorption of food, and slow down the absorption of the drug. At simultaneous reception of ascorbic acid increases the absorption of the drug Ampicillin. rifampicin . vancomycin , Cycloserine, a cephalosporin, aminoglycosides have sinergidnoe the impact of. Sulfonamides, tetracyclines, lincosamides, chloramphenicol, macrolides   exert antagonistic effects. Ampicillin reduces the synthesis Vitamin K , Lowers prothrombin index It increases the effectiveness of indirect anticoagulants, inhibits intestinal flora, reduces the efficiency and reliability of oral contraceptives estrogensoderjath. NSAIDs, phenylbutazone, oxyphenbutazone, allopurinol Diuretics increase Ampicillin drug levels in the blood. Simultaneous treatment with allopurinol can lead to skin rashes. Ampicillin enhances absorption Digoxin Increases toxicity Methotrexate .