March 3, 2012
- Analogs Normase
- Bowel problems
- Folk remedies for diarrhea
- Intestinal atony
Causes of bowel adhesions
These adhesions occur due to the ability of connective tissue to grow due to exposure to damaging factors . For example, this type of tissue growth can provoke mechanical trauma, disease caused by acute and chronic infection, the presence of the previously accumulated extravasated blood, foreign bodies, exposure to chemicals, etc. . P . If we talk about the organs located in the abdominal cavity, in particular, the intestines, the causes of adhesions are often a mechanical injury and peritoneal contact with air during surgery . Therefore, intestinal adhesions occur mainly as a consequence of surgery . According to statistics, adhesive disease develops in 2-15% of patients who underwent surgery . Adhesions may occur and immediately after any operation on the peritoneum, and a few years after a person has suffered such an operation . However, adhesions occur only in those people who are predisposed to the disease due to the content in the body of excess specific enzymes . Under their influence with injuries appear very large scars . But if such a feature in the human body is not present, adhesions had not developed .
Adhesions are a serious bowel disease, as a result of their education a person may develop an acute ileus - a condition that is sometimes even life threatening. Furthermore, the occurrence of adhesions fraught with appearance of pain of varying severity, and can also adversely affect the operation of other internal organs.
Types of bowel adhesions
The formation of adhesions bowel is as follows. On the walls of the abdominal cavity is lined with human peritoneum , Is a connecting cover, two sides - Visceral and parietal . All the organs in the abdominal cavity between themselves and in contact with the parietal peritoneum, the spaces in the abdominal cavity No.
Mezhorgannye seam usually divided into viscero visceral (In this case it takes place directly between the fusion) and viscero-parietal (colon fuses with the parietal peritoneum).
Symptoms and signs of the disease depend on what the nature of adhesions, where they originated and how much influence the work of bodies that are fused together.
Intestinal adhesions may occur in different ways. The first symptoms of adhesive disease may not appear at all. In this case, intestinal adhesions detected by chance during an ultrasound examination or during any operation on the peritoneum.
Secondly, when the bowel adhesions can appear painful form of the disease. In this case, the patient concerned about pain in the abdomen, most often they occur in scarring after surgery. Pain often pulling in the process of exercise they are strengthened. Sometimes the pain goes away on their own, in other cases it is necessary to prescribe drugs with analgesic effects.
Thirdly, the expression of pain may form adhesions bowel dysfunction viscera. As a result of adhesions occur failures in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. As a consequence, the patient is suffering from constipation . diarrhea , Feel fullness after a meal, swelling stomach .
Another variant of the disease - the most difficult. This occurrence acute adhesive intestinal obstruction . In this case, because of adhesions may obstruct the passage of the intestinal contents through the tube. It is a very dangerous condition that must be treated urgently. Otherwise inevitable death. For adhesive obstruction characterized by the occurrence of a sharp pain in the abdomen. After that, the person starts vomiting, do not depart gases, no chair. At the same time there is a constant deterioration. As a result, the patient is forced to seek the help of a doctor.
Intestinal obstruction in the bowel adhesions
The reason Dynamic obstruction is caused spasms of the intestinal wall. This phenomenon - the investigation of a number of reasons: to poisonous substances and other serious infections.
At the same time cause mechanical obstruction is most often the bowel adhesions. The last characteristic of the small intestine, while colonic obstruction in about half the cases provoke malignancy . Intestinal obstruction is manifested as a result of compression of the lumen of the intestinal tube soldering. In addition, around the strands of adhesive may appear inversions and excesses loops. Adhesive intestinal obstruction often occurs as a result of improper diet. So, to provoke the onset of obstruction can be the constant use of crude fiber, food, due to which there is a strong gas formation, as well as regular overeating. Sudden bouts of adhesive obstruction occur as a result of inflammatory bowel disease, or severe physical exertion.
Symptoms of adhesive intestinal obstruction
The first symptom of intestinal obstruction due to adhesions in humans, there is pain in the abdomen. The nature of the pain may vary from gradually increasing to sharply arisen. Periodically, the pain may subside, and later renewed again. Furthermore, when occlusion occurs necessarily swelling which manifests itself either unevenly or covers the entire stomach. In most cases, patients complain of delay in gas and stool, although partial obstruction gases may occasionally depart, and there may be a single liquid chair.
In the course of the disease is manifested vomiting, for which mainly characterized by stagnant secretions. The disease progresses and the symptoms described above, joined by the symptoms of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Thus, the patient may occur tachycardia , Decrease arterial pressure . Also for this condition is characterized by the alternation of depression and excitement. If you have these symptoms should immediately call an ambulance.
Diagnosis of adhesive intestinal obstruction
First of all, the physician should conduct a thorough examination of the patient, and also to make a survey. In the diagnosis of adhesions and bowel obstruction adhesive very important role played by information on the nature of pain during an attack. Detection of scars in the process of physical examination gives grounds to suspect the development of adhesive intestinal obstruction. In the process of diagnosis is performed as digital examination of the rectum. The patient is required to donate blood for laboratory analysis.
To determine the presence of adhesions enables radiography of the abdomen. This method is most often used in the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction. For a more detailed study of commonly prescribed ultrasonography and computed tomography. These diagnostic methods are highly accurate.
The treatment of adhesive intestinal obstruction
First and foremost, measures to facilitate the patient's condition. For this purpose special nasogastric tube, which is intended for the aspiration of gastric contents. Intravenous solutions are administered to the patient in order to restore electrolyte and water balance. After the infusion of the intestines is stimulated through hypertonic enemas and injections anticholinesterase drugs . In the future treatment strategy selects the physician on an individual basis.
Surgery for adhesive obstruction aimed at removing barriers and restoration of passage through the intestines. Adhesiolysis - This is the main phase of the operation under which a dissection of adhesions. There are several types of transactions that are determined depending on the character of intestinal adhesions. At open manipulation operations are carried out through a large incision in the at ideo-assisted surgery performed puncture and a small incision in the laparoscopic surgery intervention is carried out exclusively through the puncture.
Preventing bowel adhesions
To prevent adhesion of the intestine is very important to avoid inflammatory processes in the organs of the peritoneum, beware of food poisoning. People who have previously suffered from intestinal obstruction, should be very carefully selected diet, do not eat foods containing crude fiber. Equally important is the diet: eat strictly needed at a certain time, one should not overeat, but also do not need to starve. It is best to eat small, frequent meals.
You can not expose themselves to severe physical stress. If worried about constipation, laxatives can be taken, but it is necessary to ensure that this practice does not become a habit.
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