Nitroglycerine

Description overdue on 15.09.2011

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Nitroglycerine   - Vasodilator, vasodilatig, antianginal drug from the group organic nitrates It applies to Cardiology .Preparat Affects the coronary arteries, cerebral blood vessels, venous vessels after 2 min. nitroglycerin. The maximum effect is achieved after 15-30 min. Sublingual form of preparation cropped attack angina   after 1 and 5 minutes, an antianginal, hemodynamic effect lasts for 30-60 minutes. The mechanism of action of nitroglycerin due to the improvement of metabolic processes, reducing the need for oxygen in the heart muscle by reducing preload and afterload.

Terms of appointment:

1-2 Cap alcoholic solution of the drug is applied to the language, in some cases, moisten a piece of sugar 1-3 drops, and then hold it under the tongue. 1% solution: maximum allowable single dose - cap 4, a day not more than 16 cap under the tongue. Nitroglycerin tablets placed under the tongue, hold until resorption. For adults: 1-2 m. At the reception. The day to 6 tablets. The scheme is similar to taking the capsules to tablets. If pain subsided within 5 min., Then take another 0, 5 mg. If after taking 3 tablets is not marked improvement of health, the call for a doctor. Long-acting nitroglycerin medications prescribed for frequent attacks of angina.

Indications:

The drug is prescribed for left ventricular failure . spasm of blood vessels of the heart . brain . Nitroglycerin is effective in the central artery embolic lesions retinal .

Contraindications:

Hypersensitivity, allergic reaction to nitrates, acute coronary thrombosis , High intracranial pressure, acute phase flow myocardial infarction , Constrictive pericarditis, isolated mitral stenosis, cardiac tamponade, uncontrolled hypovolemia, bleeding stroke , Collapse, toxic pulmonary edema, hyperthyroidism , Subarachnoid hemorrhage, severe anemia, stroke, pregnancy.

The drug is absolutely contraindicated in patients with angle-closure glaucoma   with high intraocular pressure. With caution is prescribed nitroglycerin in severe atherosclerotic vascular lesions of the brain. In diseases of the liver, kidney drug is prescribed with caution.

Side effects:

Cardiovascular system : Heat, noise, and ringing in the ears, headache, tachycardia, drop in blood pressure. Rarely, cyanosis, orthostatic collapse, fainting.

Gastrointestinal tract : Dyspepsia, dry mouth, epigastric pain.

CNS Rarely confusion, anxiety, disorientation   in the space of the visual perception, headache, and weakness.

Overdose:

Symptoms: rapid decline in blood pressure, reflex tachycardia, increased sleepiness, fatigue, and nausea. At high doses: tachypnea . dyspnea . carbohemia , Cyanosis, collapse. Treatment is symptomatic. When methemoglobinemia intravenously administered solution of 1% methylene blue per 1 kg of 0, 10-0, 15 ml.

Special instructions:

Receiving drugs may lead to a drop in blood pressure. If rapid change in body position, in hot weather, during physical activity, when consuming alcoholic beverages appears dizziness. Nitroglycerin like other nitrates eventually loses its effectiveness, which makes it necessary to gradually increase the dosage. After contact with the drug on the skin may experience periodic headaches. The drug reduces the rate of mental and motor responses.

Drug Interactions:

Procainamide, phosphodiesterase inhibitors, vasodilators, ACE inhibitors, blockers "slow" calcium channel inhibitors, MAO reinforce hypotensive effect . Nitroglycerin concentration increases dihydroergotamine blood raises blood pressure. The drug reduces the effectiveness of Heparin   while receiving.

Nikofleks

Description overdue on 07/16/2014

• Latin name: Nicoflex
• ATC code: M02AB
• Active substance: Capsaicin (Capsaicinum)
• Manufacturer: Reanal (Hungary)

Photos of the drug

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• Composition
• Product form
• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
• Indications
• Contraindications
• Side effects
• Instructions for use Nikofleksa
• Overdose
• Cooperation
• Terms of sale
• Storage conditions
• Shelf life
• Analogs
• Reviews
• Price, where to buy

Composition

Ointment Nikofleks 7 comprises 5 mg Capsaicin 4,500 mg glycol salicylate   and 1000 mg etilnikotinata .

Product form

The drug is available in the form of ointments, 50 g of the same aluminum tube that is placed into cardboard boxes.

Pharmacological action

Application has ointments   mestnorazdrazhayuschee . absorbable   and analgesic effect .

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

The product contains components which cause vasorelaxation   in the place of application, feeling the heat . temperature rise .

The operation is linked primarily to   irritating   and distracting properties   capsaicin, absorbing effect   and etilnikotinata antiinflammatory activity   glycol salicylate.

The effect occurs within minutes and lasts for hours. The warming effect and improve blood flow positive effect in inflammatory diseases of the musculoskeletal system.

Indications

From what it used this tool? It helps with:

• muscle aches   and joints ;
• necessity   warming up before and after exercise;
• crick   and ligaments .

Contraindications

Ointment should not be used when:

• hypersensitivity to the drug;
• Children under 6 years of age;
• breastfeeding ;
• Acute arthritis ;
• violation of the integrity of the skin at the site of application;
• pregnancy .

Precautions should be used drug in children (6-12 years), as well as "aspirin" asthma .

Side effects

The drug can cause allergic reactions at the site of application.

Instructions for use Nikofleksa

It is used topically. Those who use the ointment Nikofleks, instructions for use advises to wash with soap and water spot on the skin, which will be applied in the preparation, and then wipe dry and only then applied a thin layer of ointment and rubbed well into the skin. Used 2-3 times per day.

To warm up the muscles before exercise is applied to a strip length of about 4 cm.

In diseases compositions instructions for use Nikofleksa advised to use the drug during the first three days 1 times a day. Then, the ointment should be applied 2 times a day (morning and evening).

Overdose

No cases of overdose have been reported.

Cooperation

The drug increases the absorption of other agents for external application while using.

Terms of sale

No prescription required.

Storage conditions

The drug should be stored at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C.

Shelf life

Ointment is kept 5 years.

Analogs Nikofleksa

Match code ATC 4th level:

• Tincture of pepper

Analogs Nikofleksa which also contain Capsaicin - Pepper plaster "Dr. Pepper"   and Espoli . Both products produced in Russia. Pharmacies these analogues ointment can be found much more often.

Reviews Nikoflekse

Reviews Nikoflekse usually positive. However, quite often there are also reports that the drug caused allergy . Reviews ointment also said that after the application may appear chills   and slightly reduced pressure .

Price Nikofleksa where to buy

Nikofleksa average price - 175 rubles.

Often on the forums are wondering where you can buy the ointment. It is not often available in pharmacies. That is why in some cases, experts advise its analogs.

Of course, the price of the ointment Nikofleks depending on the region may be different, but the cost is not much different. Buy ointment Nikofleks in Moscow and in St. Petersburg it is possible for 160 rubles., Some online stores offer and lower prices.

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Nervohel

Description overdue on 10/12/2014

• Latin name: Nervoheel
• ATC code: N07X
• Active substance: Biologically active components of vegetable, mineral or animal origin
• Manufacturer: Biologishe Haylmittel Heel GmbH, Germany

Photos of the drug

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• Composition
• Product form
• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
• Indications
• Contraindications
• Side effects
• Instructions on Nervohel (method and dosage)
• Overdose
• Cooperation
• Terms of sale
• Storage conditions
• Shelf life
• Cautions
• Babies
• Reviews
• Price, where to buy

Composition

As part of one tablet:

• 60 mg dilute phosphoric acid ( Acidum phosphoricum );
• 60 mg Ignatia bitter   ( Ignatia );
• 60 mg of the contents of bags of cuttlefish ink ( Sepia officinalis   ) D4;
• 60 mg nosode scabies   ( Psorinum-Nosode ) D12;
• 30 mg potassium bromide   ( Kalium bromatum ) D4;
• 30 mg Valeriano-zinc salt   ( Zincum valerianicum ).

Also medicine contains additional ingredients: magnesium stearate   and lactose .

Product form

The drug is released in the form of round tablets in the form of a flat cylinder with a chamfer. Color - white or white-gray. The tool may have a specific smell of valerian and gray or black blotches.

Pharmacological action

Homeopathic .

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Nervohel - homeopathic remedy . Antidepressant; has anticonvulsant   and sedative   effect. Means normalizes the length and structure of sleep, falling asleep faster, the frequency of nighttime awakenings decreased.

Substances that form part of the drug is not addictive vzvyvayut, reduce concentration and do not affect the rate of reaction, so Nervohel has no age restrictions.

The structure means includes:

• Ignacy bitter   (plant) - anticonvulsants, reduces emotional lability It is used for nervous disorders;
• diluted phosphoric acid   (mineral component) - helps to normalize the nervous system physical   and psihoemotsionalnom   exhaustion;
• the contents of the bags of cuttlefish ink helps from headaches . depression It normalizes sleep and hormones in women;
• Nosode scabies   - A substance which is obtained from scraping skin rash scabies , Appointed in neuralgia . migraine . depression . catatonia   and Schizophrenia . emotional lability ;
• potassium bromide   - Enhances memory, relieves anxiety, anticonvulsant, normalizes sleep;
• Valeriano-zinc salt   aids in neuralgia . hypochondria . tremor   and twitching of muscles and limbs.

Pharmacokinetic   especially the drug are poorly understood.

Indications

The medicine is prescribed:

• treatment vegetative dystonia ;
• when mood swings, anxiety Associated with menopause   women;
• treatment psychosomatic disorders ;
• at chorea , Sleep disorders, irritability, and high excitability of the nervous system;
• Mild depression . psychopathy . neurotic   and neurosis   syndromes of different origin;
• at withdrawal syndrome ;
• in the complex therapy for the treatment of children with mental disabilities.

Contraindications

The tool does not prescribe:

• in the presence of allergies For any component of the drug (e.g. bromo);
• children under the age of 3 years (sometimes medication given to children, since a few months, on the recommendation of a doctor).

Side effects

The probability of occurrence of adverse reactions is minimal. Rarely show allergic reactions   in the skin, a rash or itching.

Instructions on Nervohel (method and dosage)

Nervoheel take sublingually . Means drink half an hour before meals or one hour after a meal. The treatment usually is a few weeks and is determined by the attending physician according to the age, disease and the individual patient.

Nervohel, instructions for use for adults

Adults appoint one tablet, 3 times a day. The course of treatment - from 14 to 21 days. If necessary, the duration of treatment may be extended after consultation with a specialist.

The maximum daily dosage for adults is 15 tablets. In case of urgency can drink tablet every 15 minutes for 2 hours before the improvement.

Instructions for use for children

For children from three years also the daily dosage is 3 tablets, divided into 3 doses.

Children up to three years prescribed by half a tablet a few times per day.

To improve the quality of sleep and sleep acceleration pill should be taken 15-30 minutes or just before bedtime.

Overdose

The probability of an overdose is very low. There were no cases of overdose means.

Cooperation

Not happening. Homeopathic medicines It can and should be combined with other means. This medication is recommended to be used in the complex therapy.

Terms of sale

The drug is sold without a prescription.

Storage conditions

Store in a cool, dark place.

Shelf life

5 years.

Cautions

If, during the medication is deteriorating primary symptoms, contact your doctor.

If appeared unusual, is not described in the manual side-effects, it is necessary to inform the specialist.

Babies

For children from one to three reception facilities should be carried out under the supervision of a physician.

According to the instructions, the age of six years can be pre-dissolved tablets in water. Children from one to three - two teaspoons of water, from three to six years - three teaspoons.

The prepared solution can be stored for one day in a dark place at room temperature.

Reviews Nervohele

Reviews for adults

It is useful in long-term use, for several months, was well tolerated. Particularly good reviews received the drug in the complex therapy. Many people are not satisfied with the high cost, inconvenient packaging.

Reviews on Nervohel children

For children, the drug is diluted in water, the reception starts with a few months. Typically, the tool effectively normalizes sleep. However, there are negative reviews, which writes that children start screaming or talking during sleep, daytime become more restless. Some do not like the dosage form of the drug (prefer to take drops or syrup).

Reviews doctors Nervohel

In general, the use of homeopathic remedies in the treatment of certain diseases is controversial. Traditional medicine, as a rule, does not welcome the use of such drugs. However, judging from the reviews, Nervohel, especially in the complex treatment, positive effect on the overall clinical picture and the patient feels. There are cases of convalescence, when replacing Antidepressants and neuroleptics   on Nervohel. Physicians often prescribe medication to children because of its relative safety, the lack of side effects and good tolerability.

Price Nervohelya where to buy

Buy drug can be for about 285 rubles (50 tablets). However, in some cities, such as Moscow, Nerohvelya price may be higher - 300-320 rubles.

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Persen

Description overdue on 11.12.2011

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Sedatives. Has vegetable origin, in its composition contains an extract of the rhizomes Valerian . mint   and drug Melissa . Valerian has a strong sedative effect. With neurasthenia , Mental and emotional exhaustion   relieves stress, reduces irritation. Persen helps normalize sleep, relieves insomnia , Has a slight antispasmodic effects. Part of the preparation peppermint helps with moderate insomnia. Lemon Mint increases appetite in patients with neurasthenia, enhances calming effect of valerian, and mint. In preparation Persen forte concentration valerian extract   2, 5 is higher than in the preparation Pers. Produced in a tablet form, a capsule form.

Indications and contraindications:

Persen prescribed increased nervous excitability , Mental and emotional fatigue, insomnia. The drug is contraindicated in case of intolerance peppermint, valerian, lemon balm, with low blood pressure. Persen Forte is not indicated for children under 12 years, Percy is contraindicated until the age of three.

Side effect:

Long-term use of the drug leads to constipation , Allergic reactions. In single dose Persen forte capsules 40 or 100 tablets of Persia (20g valerian extract) marked tremor of limbs, pressing pain in the chest, stomach cramps, feeling of powerlessness, mydriasis , Dizziness. Symptoms disappear in a day. Recommended timely gastric lavage.

Mode of application:

Persen forte   take 2-3 times a day 1-2 capsules. When insomnia   Capsules (1-2 pcs.), taken one hour before bedtime. When irritability , Increased nervous excitability capsule Persen take 2-3 pieces in an amount up to three times a day. When insomnia : One hour before bedtime 2-3 pcs. After stopping capsules withdrawal does not develop. We do not recommend long-term administration of the drug (more than 2 months).

Special instructions:

When breastfeeding, pregnancy Persen appoint only strictly on the evidence, in the absence of reliable data on the impact of the components of the drug on the fetus, baby. Taking medication at recommended doses has no effect on the management of complex machinery, transport, perform work that requires concentration and attention. Persen increases the effects of sleeping pills, and of oppressive activities of the nervous system. At simultaneous reception analgesics . antihypertensive drugs   require adjustment of doses of drugs. Tablets should be stored at temperatures below 25 degrees Celsius, away from light and children. Sold without a doctor's prescription.

Truksal

Description overdue on 09/11/2014

• Latin name: Truxal
• ATC code: N05AF03
• Active substance: Chlorprothixene (Chlorprothixene)
• Manufacturer: H. Lundbeck A / S (Denmark)

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• Composition
• Product form
• Pharmacological action
• Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
• Indications
• Contraindications
• Side effects
• Instructions for use Truksala (method and dosage)
• Overdose
• Cooperation
• Terms of sale
• Storage conditions
• Shelf life
• Cautions
• Analogs
• During pregnancy (and lactation)
• Reviews
• Price, where to buy

Composition

Depending on the form of a part Truskala may contain varying amounts of both are active and auxiliary connections.

5 mg. chlorprothixene hydrochloride,   and   lactose monohydrate, croscarmellose sodium, magnesium stearate, talc, copovidone, corn starch, microcrystalline cellulose,   and 85% glycerol contained in one tablet (diameter: 6 mm.), coated with a film of dark brown shell, which includes a dye TM 1030, -171, 172 (Opadry OY-S-9478).

15 mg. hydrochloride chlorprothixene , and croscarmellose sodium, corn starch, talc, 85% glycerol, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, copovidone and microcrystalline cellulose contained in one tablet (diameter: 7 mm.), film-coated brown color, which includes a colorant Opadry OY-S-9478.

25 mg. hydrochloride chlorprothixene , and magnesium stearate, laktolozy monohydrate, copovidone, 85% glycerol, croscarmellose sodium, microcrystalline cellulose and talc It may be contained in a single round and biconvex tablet, a film coating composition which includes red and black iron oxide, titanium dioxide, and macrogol dye Opadry OY-S-9478.

Product form

Truksal   produced in tablet form. The tablets vary in their size, as well as an active dose of the active compound contained in the composition of some form of drug release of the drug.

In a cardboard package may be blisters with 50 or 100 pieces Truksala tablets containing in the chemical composition of the 5, 15 or 25 mg. hydrochloride chlorprothixene .

Pharmacological action

This drug belongs to the group neuroleptics and antipsychotics   drugs. Truksal has on the human body neuroleptic   and simultaneously antipsychotic pharmacological effects .

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Thanks to Truksal   considered derivative thioxanthene , Experts attribute this to the effective preparation neuroleptic drugs .   Antipsychotic effects   as an active drug has active compounds contained in the composition of the drug to affect dopamine receptors .

Truksal these blocks receptors (α1 - adrenergic receptors, the 5-HT2 receptor - receptor and the H1 - histamine receptors) thereby showing their   analgesic , and   antiemetic properties.   Because the drug is rapidly absorbed, the maximum concentration of the drug compounds into the blood is achieved in two hours.

The drug is excreted with urine and feces. Truksal penetrates placenta Ie the drug is released through breast milk.

Indications

Truksal taken at:

• manic states;
• psychoses;
• hyperactivity;
• schizophrenia;
• withdrawal syndrome;
• confusion in old age ;
• depression;
• violation of children's behavior;
• psychosomatic disorders.

In addition, the drug is used in combination with analgesics in complex therapeutic treatment of pain.

Contraindications

Truksal is contraindicated in:

• any form CNS depression For example, alcohol, toxic or narcotic intoxication;
• comatose states ;
• malfunctions hematopoietic system ;
• vascular collapse ;
• pheochromocytoma ;
• hypersensitivity .

Everything else is forbidden to take medication during   breastfeeding And it is forbidden to assign women during pregnancy .

Side effects

Truksal   It has the following side effects:

• dry mouth;
• drowsiness;
• sweating;
• tachycardia;
• disorientation.

The above-mentioned side effects of the drug tend to arise at the beginning of the therapeutic treatment and gradually disappear with time. Before the drug in high doses can be observed dysmenorrhea, hypotension And there are rashes on the skin.

Instructions for use Truksala (method and dosage)

In accordance with the instructions on treatment Truksal mania, schizophrenia   and other psychoses   should begin with a dosage of not more than 100 mg. drug per day. The dose should increase gradually, usually a maximum of 300 mg. in a day.

The dosage of 500 mg. Truksala three times a day for a week will help to remove withdrawal hangover alcoholism   or drug dependence.

Able confusion Elderly patients administered 90 mg. drug per day. With insomnia   You can receive up to 30 mg. Truksala approximately one hour before bedtime. Depressions   and others psychosomatic disorders   treated daily dosage not exceeding 90 mg. When the pain administered to 300 mg. Truksala.

Overdose

If you exceed the dosage Truksala following symptoms may occur:

• convulsions;
• coma;
• drowsiness;
• extrapyramidal syndromes;
• hyperthermia;
• shock;
• hypothermia.

In overdose Truksalom primarily patients washed stomach And then providing support cardiovascular and respiratory systems s symptomatic treatment.

Cooperation

As may increase depressant effects on CNS   a person should not take together with Truksal etanolsoderzhaschie and sedatives , and analgesics, anesthetics, hypnotics and antipsychotic agents of character.

Do not use products containing chlorprothixene, at the same time antiparkinsonian, anticholinergics and antihistamines. It is forbidden to use adrenaline   together with Truksalom avoid tachycardia and hypotension .

Patients with epilepsy while taking the drug dosages need to be adjusted antiepileptics Because this medication helps to reduce convulsive threshold.   Effectiveness Levodopa   reduced when taking Truksala. Extrapyramidal disorders   can occur when sharing the drug and Reserpine, phenothiazines, haloperidol and metoclopramide.

Terms of sale

Leave a prescription.

Storage conditions

Truksal should be stored at 25 ° C out of reach of children.

Shelf life

• Truksala tablets containing 5 mg. active drug components - 3 years;
• tablets containing 15, 25 and 50 mg. substances - 5 years.

Cautions

Precautions Truksal be administered to patients with epilepsy, atherosclerosis,   at Parkinson's disease at diseases of the cardiovascular system At diabetes . hypertrophy and abnormal liver function , and kidney .

During the pregnancy test drug can give a false positive result. In addition, the drug had little effect on QT interval   during elektrokardiogrammnogo   study. It is forbidden to drink alcohol while taking the drug.

During the use of this medication should avoid driving vehicles and performing work related to the maintenance of potentially hazardous machinery.

Analogs Truksala

Match code ATC 4th level:

• Klopiksol
• Chlorprothixene

By analogues include Truksala Chlorprothixene .

During pregnancy (and lactation)

The drug is contraindicated.

Reviews Truksale

While reviews of Truskale forums rather positive, some negative experiences share of the drug. Often, mothers of children with behavioral disorders   negatively expressed regarding this drug. Reviews of doctors about the drug are rare, and are reduced to the fact that he shows in each case a different performance results. In any case, there are both supporters and opponents of the use of this drug.

Price Truksala where to buy

The average price Truksala (packing tablets of 50 mg. Each, 50 pieces) does not exceed 450 rubles.

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Hallucinations

March 20, 2012

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Hallucination   - An image that arises in the mind, and does not correspond to external stimuli. The cause of the hallucinations can be strong fatigue Some mental illness , The use of certain psychotropic substances and hallucinogens . For the first time the term was coined in the early 19th century.

Types hallucinations

Hallucinations are the following varieties:

• Assitsiirovannye
• True
• Reflex
• Imperative
• False (pseudohallucinations)
• Ekstrakampinnye
• Functionality
• Elementary
• Hypnopompic and hypnagogic
• Gemionopticheskie
• Hallucinations Bonn

Associates - a hallucination, which characterized by the appearance of images, which are consistent and logical. An example of such hallucinations can serve as a voice that announces follow him visual hallucinations.

True hallucinations. Imaginary perceived phenomenon or object is in the psychological objective space. In contrast to the ideas and illusions, according to popular belief, these are not hallucinations may occur in mentally healthy people. True hallucinations, in turn, are divided into the following: auditory (acoustic), visual, olfactory, tactile, visceral (somatic), gustatory, vestibular, proprioceptive (motor) and integrated (hallucinations related to a single object, but in the aisles different feelings). For visceral hallucinations characteristic of objectivity - an indication of the presence of living beings, of specific items that are under his skin, in internal organs, the sensation of electrical current through the body.

Reflector called hallucinations, when there is a real stimulus on any analyzer (taste, hearing, etc.) there is a reaction in another analyzer.

Peremptory are verbal hallucinations that differ commanding, commanding tone. Often, these voices "ordered" to take actions that may be dangerous to others and the patient. These hallucinations can often be observed at gomitsidnom and suicidal behavior.

K false hallucinations   are perceived phenomena and objects that are in an illusory space. These can be symptoms Schizophrenia . syndrome of mental automatism   and other diseases. The very perception of the false hallucinations is different from all the others - they are not perceived by the usual authorities, sensations provided "internal", "spiritual" hearing or sight.

Ekstrakampinnye represent a kind of hallucination, which go beyond the "sensitive field" of an analyzer, that is, visual hallucinations, for example, if a person perceived behind.

Functional hallucinations occur when the phenomenon or object are perceived on the background of the current actually existing on the same analyzer (for example, the sound of water and the rustle of leaves a person can hear the speech). Such hallucinations are different from the real presence of the real stimulus that affects the analyzer, and the illusions in which no characteristic perception of a real stimulus. When functional hallucinations imaginary and real objects coexist on an equal basis. They also include "visual echo," or the phenomenon of the tracks - a violation of perception when moving objects look like a series of discrete images. Such images may occur even when a person is mentally completely healthy, but much overworked .

Elementary or hallucinations with incomplete objectivity - is auditory or visual hallucinations that occur in the form of individual images, sounds, etc.

Hypnagogic hallucinations and hypnopompic arise when a person is on the border of sleep and bodrovstvovaniya: the first awakening, the second - on falling asleep.

Visual hallucinations, which have fallen in parts of the visual field are called gemianopticheskimi. They are not true hallucinations.

Hallucinations Bonn arise in cases where the function of an analyzer completely absent or greatly reduced, ie deaf people begin to hear the sounds, and the blind - to see any visual images. This name of this type of hallucinations received after Charles Bonnet described the fact of their presence with his grandfather, a patient cataracts .

Swollen glands

April 1, 2014

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Swollen glands   - A symptom, which is often seen in both adults and children and may be associated with the development of a number of Viral . bacterial . fungal infections As well as a consequence of allergic reactions . In children, this symptom occurs in about two times more likely than adults.

How does the inflamed tonsils?

Tonsils   ( tonsils ) - Is one of the organs of the human immune system. They consist of lymphoid tissue   and are located between the palatine arches. In the body, they function as a kind of filter, protecting it from the penetration of pathogens. Thus, the amygdala can neutralize infection which enters the body with air, food, water. But in some cases, if the body is weakened, while the throat gets a large number of micro-organisms, the glands can not function effectively and inflamed.

As a rule, the inflammatory process in the tonsils begins acutely. The patient has severe pain in the tonsils in swallowing, feeling of general weakness, chills, aches can occur in the joints. Man worried headache can very quickly rise in body temperature. The lymph nodes Which are located under the jaw, often increase, while their palpation, tenderness. There may be, and inflammation of the front wall of the pharynx, sometimes marked hoarseness . On the surface of the tonsils appears white bloom. Purulent inflammation of the tonsils indicate the development of purulent tonsillitis . In that case, a specialist should be contacted immediately.

Sometimes there is severe pain in the left or the right tonsils. Inflammation of the tonsils are almost never without pain. With infectious diseases for some time it has pain after the removal of tonsils.

If your child has increased sharply glands and body temperature, parents should not leave these symptoms are ignored. However, the use of the available home remedy for sore throats without consultation with a physician is not necessary, since the state can only get worse. In the absence of proper treatment of inflammation of the tonsils can cause serious complications - myocarditis . rheumatic heart disease . pyelonephritis   and etc.

When follicular sore throat sore throat is often so pronounced that gives your ears. In the acute phase in children is possible diarrhea and vomiting.

With tonsillitis   symptoms of the disease are expressed individually. Sometimes they are sharp and clearly defined, sometimes - relatively blurred. But if one understands how to look much swollen glands (this is sufficient to consider photos with images of enlarged tonsils), it expressed the inflammation can be seen with the naked eye. Even if the sore throat is not too strong, how to cure the disease than to gargle to relieve symptoms, be sure to consult with your doctor. In parallel with the main purpose of treatment specialist will tell you how to treat glands of folk remedies, and whether to do it.

Why appear swollen glands?

Swollen glands   - A sign of diseases related to infectious and allergic diseases. The main causes of these diseases - infecting organism viruses   or bacteria . Infectious agents can be staphylococci . streptococci . viruses . fungi . As a result of the action of microorganisms and their metabolic products are increased and inflamed tonsils.

Inflammatory processes in the tonsils often develop in people immunity is significantly reduced. Factors contributing to the development of inflammation, is the general hypothermia, contact with carriers of infection. Usually, the infection enters the body as a result of coughing and sneezing of others who are already infected. You can also become infected by sharing utensils, hygiene items. The source of infection could be an internal infection that a person is not cured in a timely manner. Inflammation of the tonsils often seen in people suffering caries . inflammation of the gums . chronic sinusitis . Glands over time can overcome this infection, but, sooner or later, they began to develop the inflammatory process.

Thus, inflamed tonsils may be associated with bacterial . lacunar . monocytic . karatalnoy   and follicular sore throat . tonsillitis . acute pharyngitis . Tonsils inflamed and sore throat, having fungal origin. In this case, they appear distinct white patches.

How to treat swollen glands?

About how to treat swollen glands on one side   or Bilateral inflammation , Tell the doctor after survey and the establishment of an accurate diagnosis. Tighten with a visit to the doctor should not be, since even swollen glands photos of people engaged in self-treatment, often indicative of the severity of the disease.

Treatment depends on what symptoms of inflammation of glands present in the patient which causes led to the development of the inflammatory process. Depending on the final diagnosis doctor prescribes a comprehensive treatment and explains in detail what to do with the disease, the symptoms of which are associated with inflammation of the tonsils. Sometimes you want to spend laboratory tests Take scraping for determining the presence of a fungal infection.

The main treatment for children and adults, tonsillitis and sore throats is to conduct an effective antibiotic therapy. What to do with any disease of the throat, and the cure if sore tonsils, decides physician. After all antibiotics   They have side effects and weaken the body's defenses. Antibiotics are prescribed depending on the characteristics of the bacterial microflora. Commonly prescribed antibacterials broad spectrum. To determine the sensitivity to antibiotics is recommended to sow the pathogen.

Comprehensive treatment also includes symptomatic anti-inflammatory therapy individually tailored drugs. The tonsils treat an adult, depending on the severity of the disease. So, if you have to treat glands at home while the patient there is a very high body temperature, the physician is required to appoint antipyretic drugs . Children at an elevated temperature on the basis of prescribers paracetamol   and ibuprofen . But if the thermometer shows no more than 38 degrees, it is best to refrain from taking antipyretics. This rule applies to both children and adults.

If there were ulcers, tonsils swollen and inflamed due to exposure to viral infections during treatment necessarily used antiviral therapy.

Apply sprays and lozenges. However, these drugs need to use correctly: after their application should refrain from eating, drinking, at least for half an hour. The doctor will explain about how to treat enlarged glands of folk remedies so as to have the maximum positive impact. For example, in certain cases shown holding inhalations But in some diseases of the throat, they are contraindicated. As an additional means can be used for rinsing the throat. When traffic and conducted a raid on the tonsils rinse the salt-soda solution   (one glass of water is added to a teaspoon of baking soda, salt and a tablespoon of a few drops Iodine ). Gargle need 7-10 times a day.

Fungal angina treated with antifungal agents. You must also take drugs that normalize the intestinal microflora.

If inflammation of the tonsils associated with allergic reactions, treatment should include antihistamines, calcium gluconate .

Treatment glands in the home is carried out if the patient feels relatively normal, no large throat purulent cork   and white lumps . Home treatment of tonsils in children and adults requires compliance with bed rest, at least in the period when the patient sore tonsils and high fever body. It is important to stick to proper drinking regime : During the day to consume plenty of fluids. Treatment of inflammation of the glands will be more effective if at the time when the tonsils are enlarged, the patient will only eat warm food in small quantities. It is advisable to refrain from and acute . salt . acidic foods . Anything that uses the patient must be easy to digest.

Glands Treatment involves the use of folk remedies for rinsing throat infusions and decoctions of herbs ( camomile . sage . eucalyptus, yarrow . calendula   and others.) But if a person is interested in, than to treat swollen glands, should not be practiced solely folk remedies, as without antibiotic treatment to get rid of a sore throat is difficult.

It should be remembered that protect the body from frequent inflammation of the tonsils can help strengthen the immune system, including tempering , The use of vitamin-containing products, etc..

If treatment is not carried out in due time, the disease can become chronic. In some cases it is necessary to resort to surgery   and to remove the tonsils. Features of the operation and the cost of removing the tonsils in children and adults interested in those enlarged tonsils deliver significant discomfort. Surgery is advisable to carry out if there are difficulty in breathing and speech If over a long period despite treatment, sore tonsils and painful swallowing. After removal of the tonsils or adenoids often a person gets rid of chronic tonsillitis and sore throats. If the parents questioned the appropriateness of such an intervention, and fear that the consequences of the removal of tonsils in children are unexpected, you should ask in detail about everything the doctor and read the reviews after the removal of tonsils those who have already had surgery. Specialist after thorough examination report on the feasibility of such an operation. For more information of interest to all the details are described in many medical resources. If you wish to have the opportunity to see the removal of the glands on the video to see how sick the patients remove tonsils, as well as where the laser removal of tonsils in Minsk, Voronezh and other regions.

It is a mistake to believe that the tonsils cut hurts. The operation can be performed under local anesthesia or under general anesthesia. From the point of view of medicine such intervention is not complicated. Therefore, surgery to remove the tonsils in Moscow carried out in almost any clinic. The price of disposal depends on the choice of medical institutions, anesthesia   and other factors, of which more will tell the doctor. After the procedure, the patient remains in the hospital for 1-2 days, followed by a recovery period he spent at home. A few days in the throat may feel pain. At this time, it is desirable to have frayed food.

However, it should be remembered that in the absence of glands in humans disappearing natural protective barrier. Consequently, the chances of contracting an infection increases. Therefore, to remove the tonsils should be only in the presence of clear indications for such an operation.