Description overdue on 05/12/2014
- Latin name: Tobrex
- ATC code: S01AA12
- Active substance: Tobramycin (Tobramycin)
- Manufacturer: Alcon-Couvreur N.V. S.A .; Riyksveg 14, B-2870 Puurs, Belgium
- Composition
- Product form
- Pharmacological action
- Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
- Indications
- Contraindications
- Side effects
- Instructions for use (method and dosage)
- Overdose
- Cooperation
- Terms of sale
- Storage conditions
- Shelf life
- Cautions
- Analogs
- Tobreks children
- Newborns
- With antibiotics
- During pregnancy (and lactation)
- Reviews
- Price, where to buy
Composition
1 ml of solution contains 3 mg Tobramycin As the basic substance, as well as auxiliary substances composed of benzalkonium chloride . boric acid . Sodium sulfate . Sodium hydroxide or sulfuric acid (for the stabilization of pH), tilaksopol , Purified water.
Product form
Available in a clear, colorless or straw color of the solution in flakonah- " Drop Teyner "5 ml of the chance of dosing. 1 bottle in a cardboard package.
Pharmacological action
Tobramycin - An antibiotic that acts on a wide spectrum of pathogens and belonging to the group aminoglycosides . The low concentration is shown a bacteriostatic effect (inhibits 30S ribosomal subunit and stops protein synthesis), at a high concentration is more pronounced bactericidal effect (alters the permeability of cell membranes, causing cytolysis ).
Antibacterial Activity high in relation: Staphylococcus spp. (including Staphylococcus epidermidis . Staphylococcus aureus and penitsillinazaprodutsiruyuschie, koagulazanegativnye and koagulazapozitivnye strains) Streptococcus spp . (including beta-hemolytic strains of group "A", some non-hemolytic strains Streptococcus pneumoniae ) Enterococcus spp. . Escherichia coli . Proteus spp. (including Proteus vulgaris . Proteus mirabilis , Indolpozitivnye and indolnegativnye strains) Serratia spp. . Enterobacter spp. ( Enterobacter aerogenes ) Providencia spp. . Citrobacter spp. . Haemophilus aegyptius . Morganella morganii . Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ( Herellea vaginacola ) Moraxella lacunata Some representatives Neisseria spp. (including Neisseria gonorrhoeae ).
Tobramycin in the spectrum of action similar to gentamicin , But the former is more active against gentamitsinorezistentnyh strains and can be used as a drug of choice in the low efficiency neomitsinsoderzhaschih eyedrops.
Tobramycin stands high efficiency with respect to infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa .
Tobramycin has low efficacy against most of the strains streptococci Belonging to the group D.
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
The absorption into the systemic circulation is practically absent if the drug is applied topically.
Indications
Eye drops as well as eye ointment Tobreks It is used to treat infectious and inflammatory lesions of the eye and its surrounding tissue:
- blepharitis ;
- Blepharoconjunctivitis ;
- keratoconjunctivitis ;
- keratitis ;
- conjunctivitis ;
- iridocyclitis .
Also, it is reasonable to use at Tobreksa barley ( meybomit ) And prevention of complications before and after ocular surgery.
Contraindications
Individual hypersensitivity to the drug and its components.
Side effects Tobreksa
At 1, 5% of the cases, allergic reactions Manifested by itching, tearing, redness of the conjunctiva.
In 1% of cases revealed swelling and redness century, conjunctival swelling, discomfort in the eye.
Less than 1% of the cases, chemosis (swelling of the conjunctiva) blepharitis (inflammation of the edges of the eyelids) keratitis (corneal inflammation), eye pain, ulceration unit.
Prolonged treatment may join fungal superinfection .
Instructions for use (method and dosage)
Instructions on eyedrops Tobreks and instruction on eyedrops Tobreks 2 differ in multiplicity of administration: the first to apply 1 drop 4-5 times a day, the second suggests applying 1 drop 2-3 times a day; ointment Tobreks applied 1 cm column, 2 times a day.
Difference Tobreks and 2x Tobreks in the multiplicity of the application due to a thicker consistency latter drug. This feature allows the active agent longer retained in the conjunctival sac and hence reduce the frequency of administration of the drug without compromising the therapeutic effect. The course of treatment is 7-10 days.
In special cases it is possible to practice the landfill every hour, but after alleviate symptoms should go back to the above-mentioned scheme. At night it is recommended to complement treatment with ointment Tobreks to prolong the contact with the drug.
Overdose
The characteristics of this product do not imply the appearance of any symptoms of poisoning when used correctly and when swallowed the contents of one bottle.
Complaints in cases of drug overdose may be similar to side effects seen in some patients ( punctate keratitis . increased lacrimation . redness . swelling and itching of the eyelids ).
When topically applied drug overdose Tobreks yet occurred, it is recommended to wash out the eye with warm water.
Cooperation
It is necessary to exclude the use of joint Tobreksa with the following medications:
- from ethacrynic acid or furosemide Since observed ototoxic effect ;
- from capreomycin . carboplatin . teicoplanin . cefepime . cefotaxime Since observed dis- and nephrotoxic effect ;
- from vancomycin Since observed dis- . nefro- and neyrotokmichesky effect ;
- from tsifamandolom . tsefaperazon . cefuroxime . amphotericin B Since observed nephrotoxic effect .
Also, do not allow the simultaneous use of Tobreksa with preparations having a part tetracycline (because of the content in the first tyloxapol ).
Terms of sale
In Russia Tobreks available without prescription in Ukraine only by prescription.
Storage conditions
Keep away from children and away the dark place at a temperature of 17-27 ° C, open the bottle should be used within 30 days.
Shelf life
3, the provided sealing of the package.
Cautions
Unjustified increase in the number of intakes and the duration of use of the drug can lead to the emergence of low-sensitivity to the components of microorganisms, including Fungal infection of the eye . When symptoms of superinfection is recommended to consult a doctor.
Analogs Tobreksa
Tetracycline ointment
Gentamicin
Chloramphenicol
2x Tobreks . Tobrosopt and Tobrimed They are complete analogues Tobreksa shape and composition of the release. From 51 to 34 hryvnia - this is the price for Ukraine analogues of these eye drops, while in Russia it ranges from 126 to 221 p.
Tobreks children
Instruction for children receive eye drops Tobreks indicates that the drug may be used in pediatric patients in children aged 1 year and older in adult dosages. Studies confirm that the drug is safe and effective in children and infants suffering from conjunctivitis, which was appointed to the five-time daily administration of the drug for a week.
Tobreks for newborns
Instruction indicates that Tobreks can be used as eye drops for newborns strictly on prescription. Upon receipt of positive feedback newborns and no data indicating that the side effects of the drug in compliance with dosage and frequency of administration.
With antibiotics
Tobreksa Interaction with other antibiotics described above (See Interactions.).
During pregnancy and lactation
A limited amount of data on the application Tobramycin topically pregnant women do not allow conclusions about the reproductive toxicity of the drug. It is recommended to refrain from the use of the drug during pregnancy .
There are no studies confirming the penetration of tobramycin into breast milk, but we can not exclude the risk to the baby, breast-feeding. You must make a choice between the possibility of refraining from breast-feeding the period of treatment Tobreksom and rejection of drug therapy, taking into account the positive effects of breastfeeding for the baby and of the drug to a nursing mother.
Reviews on Tobreks
Numerous reviews of eye drops Tobreks indicate the speed of therapeutic action. Also these eyedrops in the opinions of patients have an extremely small number of cases of side effects or lack of efficacy of therapy. There is evidence of efficient use of Tobreksa as nose drops to children suffering rhinitis .
Price Tobreks
Russian price Tobreks eye drops, as the price of the same name in the ointment is no different from that of the Ukraine. In general the price drops in Russia varies in the area 191-217 rubles, the price ointment - About 190 rubles; Ukraine price tag on these drugs averages from 49 to 64 UAH.
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