Arthritis

January 17th, 2012

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Arthritis - A condition in which the inflammatory process in human joints. Patients who have been diagnosed with arthritis, symptoms are pain during movement or when lifting heavy objects. Joints gradually become less mobile, they can change shape. Sometimes arthritis manifested tumors, redness of the skin over the joint may occur fever .

With the dramatic manifestation of the disease in a patient diagnosed acute arthritis While gradually shaping it - chronic arthritis .

Arthritis can be self disease and occur as a manifestation of a disease. According to statistics, arthritis is observed every hundredth person in the world. The disease is diagnosed in people of different age groups, but most often arthritis affects older men and women in middle age.

Among the risk factors of the disease distinguish genetic (gender, hereditary joint problems) and acquired ( obesity Smoking, tendency to allergies ).

Signs of Arthritis

Symptoms of the disease is often a feeling some stiffness in the joints, as well as an increase in tissue temperature over the joint. Man feels pain in the joints affected by arthritis, and later there is swelling, the joint begins to move less than clear.

If the patient is shown a pronounced acute arthritis, symptoms can be more diverse. In such circumstances, the patient observed bouts of fever, constant feeling of general malaise and weakness, leukocytosis . Inflammation is manifested primarily in the inner shell of the joint. Sometimes in the joint cavity causes accumulation of inflammatory exudate - exudate. Later on bone pathology is growing joint cartilage, joint capsule, extends to the tissue around the joints - ligaments, tendons.

Types of Arthritis

According to the number of joints affected by arthritis can be divided into monoartrit   (one affected joint) oligoarthritis   (two or three of the affected joint) polyarthritis   (many of the affected joints).

To Acute   arthritis characterized by rather intense pain in the joint. Persistent   arthritis, which develops gradually, accompanied by a periodically manifested by pain, less strong than in the acute form of the disease.

According to the types of damage to the joints there are several varieties of the disease. Traumatic   Arthritis is manifested in the presence of open and closed injuries of the joints and in the case of personal injury occurring on a regular basis.

Dystrophic   Arthritis is manifested due to changes in metabolism, with a strong cooling, excessive physical exertion, beriberi .

Infection   Arthritis is manifested under the influence of a particular infection.

If the patient is shown arthritis, the symptoms can be reduced to a lower intensity over several days or longer. Most important for arthritis patients - to prevent the activation of the inflammatory process again. Consequently, this disease requires constant control and supervision of an experienced physician.

Arthritis

It is important to bear in mind that the treatment of arthritis is a time consuming and difficult. The main objective in the treatment of arthritis is considered to be reducing symptoms of the disease, the resumption of the metabolic processes in the joint. Also, all efforts should be directed to the fact that the most of the function to keep joints affected by arthritis.

It provided a number of factors that negatively affect the healing process. They should anticipate during treatment. So, it is important to effective treatment of the disease, which was the root cause of arthritis, or should remove the cause of which was manifested arthritis.

Today apply some treatments of arthritis that are selected depending on the type and characteristics of the disease. Treatment of arthritis can be complex . long . systematic .

This treatment of the disease necessarily involves methods aimed at processes in order to restore cartilage, as well as methods of complex effects on the body of the patient.

In the treatment of diseases applies both pharmacological   and nonpharmacological   Methods and Surgical   ways. When using a pharmacological method for treating arthritis patients received topical treatment with non-steroidal ointments or creams with anti-inflammatory action. Also, intra-articular or periarticular entered glyukokortikosteraidnye drugs. If joint pain is not too severe, you may periodically use of conventional analgesics (eg, paracetamol ). Of great importance in the treatment of arthritis by pharmacological agents are drugs which are not only anesthetic, but also slows down or is subjected to reverse development of pathological processes in the joints. These agents, called chondroprotective stop production of an enzyme which destroys the cartilage and parallel to improve the synthesis of the main substance of the cartilage. Such drugs to significantly reduce the pain and hardly cause side effects.

As a non-pharmacological methods of treatment applied using a special orthopedic shoes, knee pads, arch supports, a cane when walking. The patient is recommended to minimize the stress on the joints, if necessary, reset excess weight , Engage in physical therapy and undergo physical therapy individually tailored. In no case should not do exercises that include squats, and exercises on bent knees. The latter is especially important for those who have diagnosed with arthritis of the knee. The ideal sport for arthritis patients is swimming.

An important step in the treatment of arthritis and a struggle with bad habits. For example, a patient with arthritis should quit smoking, do not abuse coffee.

As a surgical treatment method is used arthroplasty . This treatment is appropriate only in severe forms of the disease.

If a person has already developed arthritis, it should be very well suited to the choice of exercise for sports. No need to be too long a period of time. Particular attention should be paid to the selection of products for the everyday diet. Animal fats, flour, sharp should be deleted. This extremely useful food for arthritis is a cereal fiber.

Rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis   - A condition in which the patient manifests rheumatic inflammation of unknown etiology which is characterized. In rheumatoid arthritis patients have synovitis of peripheral joints and systemic failure of internal organs of an inflammatory nature.

The reasons for manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis often injury . infection . allergens Also can trigger the disease Toxins . Very often the rapid development of rheumatoid arthritis occurs in winter, while epidemiologically unfavorable situation with the spread of viral infections. There is a genetic predisposition to the disease: the relatives of those who fell ill with rheumatoid arthritis, a disease more often fixed.

Today, doctors are four stages of rheumatoid arthritis. For the first characteristic manifestation okolosustavnogo osteoporosis For the second - the symptoms of osteoporosis and joint space narrowing, in addition to the third stage of the symptoms observed erosion of bone and in patients with the fourth stage of the disease, in addition to the above features, available - ankylosis of the joint.

Preceded by a pronounced joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis may feeling general malaise . weakness . h uvstvo morning stiffness . weight loss , Lymphadenopathy. The main symptom of the disease is considered to be the presence of arthritis (usually polyarthritis), which involves wrist . metacarpophalangeal . proximal   joints of hands and plyusnofalangovye joints. The disease develops gradually, with the arthritis progresses due to involvement in the defeat of the new joints. Much less common extra-articular manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis, the treatment of which is held by a separate scheme.

Very often in patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis of the knee. This type of arthritis the patient gives a lot of trouble especially because arthritis of the knee even if not particularly severe violations brings expressed discomfort.

Patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, treatment is given mainly to reduce the inflammatory process. Also useful means of improving the functioning of the joints. The main goal of such treatment - prevention of disability of the patient.

If a patient diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis, the treatment should also be sure to include gymnastics, some changes in your lifestyle.

During medical treatment of the disease is widely used anti-inflammatory drugs, and slow release drug preventing pathological processes in the joints. If the deformation of the joint becomes strongly expressed, surgical treatment of the disease.

Reactive arthritis

This term is usually determined inflammation of the joints, which arise as a consequence of infections, however, no penetration occurs in the joint cavity of the infectious agent.

Reactive arthritis   It appears primarily due to a change of immunity in humans having hereditary disposition to insufficient recovery of antigen. Reactive arthritis sometimes becomes a consequence of many infections. Most often it is a consequence of suffering enterocolitis. This type of arthritis develops as an acute form of the disease. When the manifestation of reactive arthritis in a patient appears swelling, increased temperature of the skin over the joint, joint pain, leukocytosis, fever. Basically the inflammation affects the joints of the lower limbs, often suffer toes. Also the pain that sometimes delivered with walking difficulties arise in heels. The most common reactive arthritis lasts for a short time - a few days or weeks. The disease often goes untreated, however, the risk of this transition in the type of arthritis chronic .

Prevention of arthritis

To prevent the development of arthritis, is particularly important to adhere as much as possible a healthy lifestyle. This is a rational and balanced diet (it is important to eat foods that contain lots of calcium and vitamins), exercise (walking and jogging). In everyday life, should take all possible measures to protect the joints from too much stress. To do this, lift weights properly and carefully carry out all activities related to the load on the joints.