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The tumor is hormone-dependent and occurs in women who are in their reproductive years. In most cases that is uterine fibroids, learn from their own experience of women from thirty to forty-five years. Recently, however, very often we are talking about the rejuvenation of the phenomenon. To date, of all the gynecological diseases uterine fibroids is around thirty percent.
Causes of uterine fibroids
To date, experts say about the hormonal theory, when it comes to education and further development of uterine fibroids. Morphological changes in the myometrium occur as a result of disruptions in urinary and metabolic transformation estrogen . Furthermore, the ratio has a value of fractions estrogens. Also, the impetus for the formation of uterine fibroids becomes impaired immune reactivity of the organism, which often occurs in the presence of chronic foci of infection. What matters, and a genetic predisposition to the disease. In addition, factors that trigger disease onset, may be abortion , Poor environmental conditions, adenomyosis , Inflammation of the reproductive organs, complex childbirth .
It is proved that the fibroids can be formed already at the stage of embryonic development. Cells that are precursors of uterine fibroids grow over the years. They stimulate the growth of ovarian activity that occurs as a result of exposure estrogen and progesterone . The structure of the uterine fibroids varies. If we consider the ratio of connective and muscular tissue, usually divided into units fibroids . fibroma and fibroids .
Classification according to the growth nodes and their location is as follows: stand submucous fibroids , Which develop and grow into the uterine cavity, subsequently deforming it, and subserous nodes Which grow toward the abdomen. Sometimes in the growth myoma node formed rassloyka uterine ligaments. In this case, the node called intraligamentarnaya myoma . Interstitial fibroids sprouting from the middle layer of the myometrium and myometrium are thicker. If we evaluate the location and width of the base units, as well as the size of the intramural component, as there are several types of submucous fibroids.
Symptoms of uterine fibroids
Sometimes small subserous fibroids a very long time did not manifest themselves by certain symptoms. However, in the process of development and increasing the power of the tumor may not be preserved, it becomes possible twisting leg assembly. In this case, the patient begins to manifest itself expressed uterine fibroids. Symptoms are similar to those described above: discomfort in the abdomen, a sharp nagging pain that periodically occur. This pain can give up, perineum, lumbar region. If torsion legs myoma node has already occurred or arose zone of necrosis, pain manifests itself much more intensively. The woman in this case, may complain of symptoms "strictly belly"
If uterine fibroids occur iterstitsialno-subserous fibroids , Then these formations are characterized by less pronounced tendency to destructive changes. Accordingly, such entities may not manifest itself for a long time. Gradually, however, the nodes grow to a very impressive size: they may reach a diameter up to 25 cm. In this case, women complain of a sense of strong gravity, and expressed discomfort in the abdomen, as well as growth in the stomach in a patient node may increase.
Pain manifested as a result of the stretching of the peritoneum of the uterus. Besides increasing nodes put pressure on the nerve plexus in the small pelvis. Acute pain occurs, if there is poor circulation in the myoma nodes. Given the location of the nodes may occur dysfunction of organs located next to them.
If the myoma node grows anteriorly, the patient may develop dysuria. A woman complains of too frequent urination While the bladder is not fully emptied. It is also possible acute urinary retention. Sometimes the pressure of myoma node may violate defecation. If you have fibroids subserous menstrual function is broken relatively infrequently. But if the patient takes place subserous multiple fibroids , Disturbed contractility of the myometrium, and there Meno and metrorrhagia.
When interstitial myoma uterus nodes increases, and contractility of the myometrium suffer significant changes. As a rule, women who have just such retaliation fibroids, symptoms of the disease appear very abundant and prolonged menstruation. Sometimes genital discharge and there between periods.
Women with uterine fibroids may experience pain during sexual intercourse. Also, patients sometimes suffer from constipation In women with fibroids often develops obesity .
It is important to bear in mind that during pregnancy uterine fibroids have a negative impact. Women who have combined uterine fibroids and pregnancy, suffer from placental insufficiency. They often there is a risk of miscarriage. The most negative impact of uterine fibroids affects if the placenta is located in the projection of myoma node. As a consequence, impaired function and structure of the placenta and fetus can be supplied to insufficient oxygen. If there is a very high risk of complications manifestations, both for the woman and the fetus, the question of preservation of pregnancy is solved individually. When you save the pregnancy and individually addressed the issue of hospitalization of women, and application caesarean section . If there are no contraindications, with uterine fibroids can and birth naturally.
Diagnosis of uterine fibroids
Currently, the most effective method of diagnosis of uterine fibroids believe sonography. Also for the diagnosis carried ultrasound. Topographical location of the fibroids is determined by the use of ultrasound scanners, with which you can get informative three-dimensional image. The method makes it possible to carry out gidrosonografii differentiation of uterine fibroids with endometrial polyps. With this method we can determine which localized to submucosal node and when deformed uterus.
In addition, to differentiate the disease from other illnesses - tumors, enlarged lymph nodes - enables computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.
Method hysteroscopy is used to accurately determine the small submucous nodes.
Scraping the lining of the uterus and histological study scraping performed to avoid diseases of the mucous membrane of the cervical canal and endometrial. In some cases, patients are also prescribed conduct laparoscopy .
Treatment of uterine fibroids
However, women should be sure to see your doctor regularly and monitor the status through ultrasound examination at least once a year. In addition, women should clearly understand what uterine fibroids, and understand which methods of preventing the further development of uterine fibroids can help slow the progression of the disease.
In this case it is necessary to limit the consumption of fat and carbohydrates Do not eat too spicy and salty foods. If a woman develops uterine fibroids, there are contraindications to stay in the sun in the solarium. When uterine fibroids need to be very careful to appoint a massage, spend physiotherapy. Also, women taking vitamins appointed special plan, which is determined by the attending physician. When uterine fibroids, there are contraindications to the use of contraceptives and hormonal agents.
To stop the growth of uterine fibroids, as well as to treatment of anemia menometrorrhagias and applied conservative treatment. Mainly for the treatment of uterine fibroids using drugs - derivatives 19 norsteroidov That reduce uterine fibroids. As a result, bleeding becomes less abundant, the level of Hemoglobin It bounces back.
If the disease worsens the overall quality of life of the woman, in this case it is advisable to remove uterine fibroids. Depending on the severity of the disease held surgical removal of the uterus or uterine myomas in general. Very often practiced operation using laproskopicheskogo access, which is the least traumatic. In more rare cases, the surgery is used hysterectomy However, this method is rather traumatic.
Prevention of uterine fibroids
The most important point in the prevention of uterine fibroids should be considered as a regular examination by a gynecologist and holding ultrasound studies that help to identify the disease at an early stage. Therefore, it is possible to begin treatment of the disease immediately and prevent the subsequent emergence of infertility, cancer, disease, and a number of other complications of uterine fibroids. It is proved that uterine fibroids are very often women, who at one time suffered an abortion. Therefore, for the prevention of uterine fibroids is necessary to competently approach the issue of contraception.
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